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Tutorial 4 Questions

The document outlines a tutorial for the ENCH3FS 2026 module at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, focusing on fluidization calculations involving solid particles and fluidized beds. It includes questions on calculating minimum fluidization height, pressure drop, and velocity for various scenarios involving solid particles and a salt solution. The tutorial aims to enhance understanding of fluid dynamics and crystallization processes in engineering applications.

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Ntandoyenkosi Mabaso
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4 views2 pages

Tutorial 4 Questions

The document outlines a tutorial for the ENCH3FS 2026 module at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, focusing on fluidization calculations involving solid particles and fluidized beds. It includes questions on calculating minimum fluidization height, pressure drop, and velocity for various scenarios involving solid particles and a salt solution. The tutorial aims to enhance understanding of fluid dynamics and crystallization processes in engineering applications.

Uploaded by

Ntandoyenkosi Mabaso
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

University of KwaZulu-Natal

School of Engineering

Module Code: ENCH3FS 2026

Lecturer Dr S. Fashu

Tutorial 4
Question 1.
Solid particles having a size of 0.14mm, a shape factor ΦS of 0.88, and a density of 900
kg/m3 are to be fluidized using air at 2.0 atm and 25oC. The voidage at minimum
fluidizing (εmf) condition is 0.38. If the cross-section of the empty bed is 0.42 m2 and the
bed contains 380 kg of solid, calculate the (i) Lmf, (ii) ΔPmf & (iii) Vmf.
Given: μf = 1.845 x 10-5 Pa.s; ρf = 2.374 kg/m3; P = 2.02 x 105 Pa

Question 2. (a) The height of fluidized bed at incipient fluidization is 0.075m and the
corresponding voidage is 0.38. If the voidage of the bed increases to 0.5 what would be the
height of the bed?
(b) A fluidized bed (0.5m diameter, 0.5m high) of spherical particles (diameter 2000µm,
specific gravity 2.5) uses water as the medium. The minimum porosity of the bed is 0.4. The
Ergun’s equation for the system is
∆
= 4 × 10 𝑉 + 1.0 × 10 𝑉 Units of 𝑉 is m/s.

(i) At minimum fluidization what is the pressure drop per unit length?
(ii) What is the minimum fluidization velocity (in mm/s)?

Question 3.

Solid particles having a size of 0.12mm, a sphericity shape factor ϕs of 0.88, and a density of
1000kg/m3 are to be fluidized using air at 2.0 atm abs and 25℃. The voidage at minimum
fluidizing conditions is 0.42.
(a) If the cross section of the empty bed is 0.30 m2 and the bed contains 300kg of solid, calculate
the minimum height of the fluidized bed.
(b) Calculate the pressure drop at minimum fluidizing conditions.
(c) Calculate the minimum velocity for fluidization.
(d) Calculate the minimum fluidization velocity when data for ϕs and εmf are not available.

Question 4. A salt solution weighing 10000 kg with 30wt% Na2CO3 is cooled to 293 K (20℃).
The salt crystallizes as the decahydrate. What will be the yield of Na2CO3.10H2O crystals if
the solubility is 21.5 kg anhydrous Na2CO3/100kg of total water? Determine the yield for the
following cases:
(a) Assume that no water is evaporated.
(b) Assume that 3% of the total weight of the solution is lost by evaporation of water in cooling.

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