Structural Analysis with Examples
Contents
1 Basics of Structural Analysis 3
1.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Shear Force and Bending Moment 4
2.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Example 3 (Diagram) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Truss Analysis 5
3.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.4 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 Deflection of Beams 6
4.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.4 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Indeterminate Structures 7
5.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.4 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Additional Practice Problems 8
7 Basics of Structural Analysis 8
7.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8 Shear Force and Bending Moment 9
8.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.3 Example 3 (Diagram) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
9 Truss Analysis 10
9.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.4 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10 Deflection of Beams 11
10.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
10.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
10.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
10.4 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
11 Indeterminate Structures 12
11.1 Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
11.2 Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
11.3 Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
11.4 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
12 Additional Practice Problems 13
2
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
1 Basics of Structural Analysis
1.1 Example 1
A simply supported beam of length 6 m carries a 12 kN load at center.
Solution:
12
RA = RB = = 6 kN
2
1.2 Example 2
A beam of 4 m carries UDL of 5 kN/m.
Solution: Total load:
W = 5 × 4 = 20 kN
RA = RB = 10 kN
1.3 Example 3
Beam with two point loads (10 kN and 20 kN).
Solution: Use moment equation:
X
M =0
3
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
2 Shear Force and Bending Moment
2.1 Example 1
Beam with central load 20 kN, span 4 m.
RA = RB = 10 kN
PL
Mmax = = 20 kNm
4
2.2 Example 2
UDL of 10 kN/m over 5 m.
W = 50 kN
wL2
Mmax = = 31.25 kNm
8
2.3 Example 3 (Diagram)
4
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
3 Truss Analysis
3.1 Example 1
Simple triangular truss.
X X
Fx = 0, Fy = 0
3.2 Example 2
Find force in member AB:
FAB = 10 kN (Tension)
3.3 Example 3
Zero force member case: If two non-collinear members meet without load:
F =0
3.4 Diagram
5
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
4 Deflection of Beams
4.1 Example 1
Cantilever beam with load at free end.
P L3
y=
3EI
4.2 Example 2
Simply supported beam with central load:
P L3
y=
48EI
4.3 Example 3
UDL on beam:
5wL4
y=
384EI
4.4 Diagram
6
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
5 Indeterminate Structures
5.1 Example 1
Propped cantilever beam.
δ=0
5.2 Example 2
Fixed beam with UDL:
wL2
M=
12
5.3 Example 3
Degree of indeterminacy:
D =r−e
5.4 Diagram
7
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
6 Additional Practice Problems
1. Find reactions of beam with UDL 8 kN/m over 6 m.
2. Draw SFD and BMD for point load at center.
3. Analyze truss using method of joints.
4. Find deflection of cantilever beam with load at free end.
5. Solve indeterminate beam using force method.
7 Basics of Structural Analysis
7.1 Example 1
A simply supported beam of length 6 m carries a 12 kN load at center.
Solution:
12
RA = RB = = 6 kN
2
7.2 Example 2
A beam of 4 m carries UDL of 5 kN/m.
Solution: Total load:
W = 5 × 4 = 20 kN
RA = RB = 10 kN
7.3 Example 3
Beam with two point loads (10 kN and 20 kN).
Solution: Use moment equation:
X
M =0
8
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
8 Shear Force and Bending Moment
8.1 Example 1
Beam with central load 20 kN, span 4 m.
RA = RB = 10 kN
PL
Mmax = = 20 kNm
4
8.2 Example 2
UDL of 10 kN/m over 5 m.
W = 50 kN
wL2
Mmax = = 31.25 kNm
8
8.3 Example 3 (Diagram)
9
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
9 Truss Analysis
9.1 Example 1
Simple triangular truss.
X X
Fx = 0, Fy = 0
9.2 Example 2
Find force in member AB:
FAB = 10 kN (Tension)
9.3 Example 3
Zero force member case: If two non-collinear members meet without load:
F =0
9.4 Diagram
10
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
10 Deflection of Beams
10.1 Example 1
Cantilever beam with load at free end.
P L3
y=
3EI
10.2 Example 2
Simply supported beam with central load:
P L3
y=
48EI
10.3 Example 3
UDL on beam:
5wL4
y=
384EI
10.4 Diagram
11
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
11 Indeterminate Structures
11.1 Example 1
Propped cantilever beam.
δ=0
11.2 Example 2
Fixed beam with UDL:
wL2
M=
12
11.3 Example 3
Degree of indeterminacy:
D =r−e
11.4 Diagram
12
Detailed Notes Structural Analysis
12 Additional Practice Problems
1. Find reactions of beam with UDL 8 kN/m over 6 m.
2. Draw SFD and BMD for point load at center.
3. Analyze truss using method of joints.
4. Find deflection of cantilever beam with load at free end.
5. Solve indeterminate beam using force method.
13