Scribd
Upload
6 views2 pages

Tutorial 06

This document is a tutorial for a Mathematics course covering topics such as error and approximations, Jacobians, extreme values of functions of two variables, and Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers. It includes various problems and their solutions related to these topics. The tutorial is designed for B.Tech. students in their first semester at S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat.

Uploaded by

peeyuschahar17
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views2 pages

Tutorial 06

This document is a tutorial for a Mathematics course covering topics such as error and approximations, Jacobians, extreme values of functions of two variables, and Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers. It includes various problems and their solutions related to these topics. The tutorial is designed for B.Tech. students in their first semester at S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat.

Uploaded by

peeyuschahar17
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Department of Applied Mathematics and Humanities

S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat


[Link].- I (Semester- I) Branch (All)
Subject: Mathematics -I (MA 101 S1)

Tutorial-06
Error and Approximations, Jacobians, Extreme values of functions of two
variables, Lagrange’s Method of undetermined multipliers

1. 𝑎𝑎2 𝑐𝑐 2
If 𝐷𝐷 = + , find the percentage error in 𝐷𝐷 if error in measuring 𝑎𝑎 is % and in measuring
1
𝑏𝑏 2 2
b and 𝑐𝑐 are 1% each.
2𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐 2
Ans: 𝐷𝐷 = .
2𝑎𝑎2 +𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐 2

2. If 𝑧𝑧 = 2𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 and 𝑥𝑥 increases at the rate of 2𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐/𝑠𝑠 as it passes through 𝑥𝑥 = 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
32
Show that if 𝑦𝑦 is passing through 𝑦𝑦 = 1 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 𝑦𝑦 must decrease at the rate of 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐/𝑠𝑠 in
15
order that 𝑧𝑧 remains constant.

3. A balloon is in the form of a right circular cylinder of radius 1.5 𝑚𝑚 and height 4 𝑚𝑚 and is
surmounted by hemispherical ends. If the radius is increased by 0.01 𝑚𝑚 and the height by
0.05 𝑚𝑚 , find the percentage change in the volume of the balloon.
Ans: 2.389%

4. 1
Evaluate (1.99)2 (3.01)3 (0.98)10 using approximation.
Ans: 107.784

5. Find the Jacobian for each of the following functions:


(𝑎𝑎) 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐ℎ𝜃𝜃𝜃𝜃𝜃𝜃𝜃𝜃∅ , 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠ℎ𝜃𝜃 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠∅
𝑎𝑎2
Ans: (𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐ℎ2𝜃𝜃 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2∅)
2

(𝑏𝑏)𝑢𝑢 = 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 , 𝑣𝑣 = 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝑧𝑧 2 , 𝑤𝑤 = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 + 𝑧𝑧
Ans: 2(𝑦𝑦 − 𝑧𝑧)(𝑧𝑧 − 𝑥𝑥)(𝑦𝑦 − 𝑥𝑥)

6. Verify 𝐽𝐽 ∗ 𝐽𝐽′ = 1 for the function 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑢𝑢 , 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑢𝑢 tan 𝑣𝑣 , 𝑧𝑧 = 𝑤𝑤.

7. If 𝑢𝑢 = 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 cos 𝑦𝑦, 𝑣𝑣 = 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 sin 𝑦𝑦, 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 + 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙, verify chain rule of
Jacobians, 𝑙𝑙, 𝑚𝑚 being constant.

8. Find the extreme values of the each of the following functions:


(a) 𝑢𝑢 = 𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑦𝑦 3 − 63(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦) + 12𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥.
Ans: 𝑢𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 2156 , 𝑢𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = −216.

(𝑏𝑏) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 + 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 + sin(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)


3√3
Ans: 𝑓𝑓𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
2
9. Find the stationary value of 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥(𝑎𝑎 − 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦)
𝑎𝑎3
Ans: 𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 =
27

10. Find the points on the surface 𝑧𝑧 2 = 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 1 nearest to the origin. Also find that distance.
Ans: The points (0,0,1) and (0,0, −1)on the surface are nearest to the origin. Minimum
distance = 1.

11. Find the point on the plane 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 𝑝𝑝 at which the function 𝑓𝑓 = 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝑧𝑧 2 has a
minimum value and find this minimum f.
𝑝𝑝2
Ans: The minimum value of 𝑓𝑓 =
𝑎𝑎2 +𝑏𝑏 2 +𝑐𝑐 2

12. Show that the rectangular solid of maximum value that can be inscribed in a sphere is a
cube.

13. Find the maximum and minimum distances from the origin to the curve 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 6𝑦𝑦 2 =
140.
Ans: The maximum and minimum distances are √70, √20.

14. Use the method of Lagrange’s multipliers to find volume of the largest rectangular
𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 2 𝑧𝑧 2
parallelopiped that can be inscribed in the ellipsoid + + = 1.
𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏 2 𝑐𝑐 2
8𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
Ans: 𝑉𝑉 = .
3√3

You might also like