HALDWANI CAMPUS

PRACTICAL FILE
Computer programming laboratory

PBC-101

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER: 1st

SESSION: 24-25

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY

Mr. DIWAKAR UPADHYAY NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

Assist. Prof. ROLL NO. 20

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & APPLICATION

COLLEGE ROLL NO.________ EXAMINATION ROLL NO.__________________

 HALDWANI CAMPUS

THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. ____________________________________________ HAS SATISFAC-

TORILY COMPLETED ALL THE EXPERIMENTS IN THE LABORATORY OF THIS COLLEGE. THE

COURSE OF THE EXPERIMENTS / TERM WORK ___________________________________ IN PAR-

TIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT IN _____________ SEMESTER OF BCA DEGREE

COURSE PRESCRIBED BY GRAPHIC ERA HILL UNIVERSITY, DEHRADUN DURING THE YEAR

_______ - _______

CONCERNED FACULTY HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

NAME OF EXAMINER:

SIGNATURE OF EXAMINER:
 STUDENT LAB REPORT SHEET

Computer programming Lab (PBC-101)

Name of Student: -PRAMOD AITHANI [Link]: -9917888411

Address Permanent: -KAPKOTE, BAGESHWAR Mo. No: -9410995698

Father’s Name: - MADAN SINGH AITHANI Mo. No: -9410995698

Mother’s Name: - HAMA DEVI

Section: - B Semester: - 1ST Class Roll No: - 41

Local Address: -LALKUAN Email: -

IMPRAMODAITHANI040@[Link]
Grade A B C

Marks 5 3 1

S. No. Name of the Experiment D.O.P. Date of Grade Grade Total Student’s Teacher’s
Submission (Viva) (Re- Marks Signature Signature
port (out of 10)
File)

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Total No of Practical allotted ……………………………………….

Total No of Practical completed ………………………………….

Percentage Attendance of Practical …………………………….

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 1
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI
COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to print hello world.

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main ()

printf(“hello world\n”);

return 0;

3. OUTPUT:

hello world
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 2
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to perform all arithmetic operations.

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main (){

int a, b;

printf(“enter first number=”);

scanf(“%d”,&a);

printf(“\n enter second number=”);

scanf(“%d”,&b);

printf(“\n addition=%d”, a + b);

printf(“\n subtraction=%d” ,a-b);

printf(“\n multiplication=%d” ,a*b);

printf(“\n division=%d” ,a/b);

return 0;

3. OUTPUT:

enter first number=8

 enter second number=4

addition=12

subtraction=4

multiplication=32

division=2

Page No.

PROGRAM NO 3
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA
SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the area and perimeter of rectan-

gle.

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

int l, b, a, p;

printf(“length of a rectangle=”);

scanf(“%d”,&l);

printf(“breadth of rectangle=”);

scanf(“%d”,&b);

printf(“perimeter of the rectangle =%d\n”, p=2*(l + b));

printf(“area of the rectangle =%d”, a=l*b);

return 0;

}
[Link]:

length of a rectangle=10

breadth of rectangle=20

perimeter of the rectangle =60

area of the rectangle =200

Page No.

PROGRAM NO 4
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the diameter, perimeter and area

of a circle. (pi=3.14)

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

float r, d, a, p, pi;

pi=3.14;

printf(“enter the radius of the circle =”);

scanf(“%f”, &r);

printf(“diameter of the circle =%f\n”, d=2*r);

printf(“perimeter of the circle =%f\n”, p=2*pi*r);

printf(“area of the circle =%f\n”, a=pi*r*r);

return 0;

}
[Link]:

enter the radius of the circle =5.0

diameter of the circle =10.000000

perimeter of the circle =31.400002

area of the circle =78.500000

Page No.

PROGRAM NO 5
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the area of a triangle.

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

float b, h, a;

printf(“enter the base of the triangle =”);

scanf(“%f”,&b);

printf(“enter the height of the triangle =”);

scanf(“%f”,&h);

printf(“area of the triangle =%f\n”, a=0.5*b*h);

return 0;

[Link]:
enter the base of the triangle =10.00

enter the height of the triangle =15.00

area of the triangle =75.000000

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 6
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program for temperature conversion from degree

Celsius to Fahrenheit.
2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

float c, f;

printf(“enter the temperature in celsius=”);

scanf(“%f”, &c);

printf(“temperature in fahrenheit =%f”,f=(c*9/5)+32);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the temperature in celsius=35.00

temperature in Fahrenheit =95.000000

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 7
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program for length conversion from meter to kilo-

meter.
2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

float m, km;

printf(“enter the length in meter =”);

scanf(“%f”, &m);

printf(“length in kilometer=%f km”, km=m/1000);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the length in meter =1200.00

length in kilometer=1.200000 km
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 8
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to exchange the values of two integer

variables.
2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

int a, b, x;

printf(“enter two integers=”);

scanf(“%d %d”, &a, &b);

printf(“before exchanging: a =%d b=%d\n”, a, b);

x= a;

a= b;
b= x;

printf(“after exchanging: a =%d b =%d”, a, b);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter two integers= 6 5

before exchanging: a =6 b=5

after exchanging: a =5 b =6
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 9
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:
1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to calculate simple interest from given
principle, rate and term. (SI=P*R*T/100)

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main () {

float p, r, t, si;

printf(“enter the principle amount =”);

scanf(“%f”, &p);

printf(“enter the rate of interest =”);

scanf(“%f”, &r);

printf(“enter the time(in years) =”);

scanf(“%f”, &t);

printf(“simple interest = %f”, si=p*r*t/100);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the principle amount =500

enter the rate of interest =5

enter the time(in years) =4

 simple interest = 100.000000

Page No.

PROGRAM NO 10
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to calculate compound interest.

(CI=p*(1+rate/100)^T)

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int main() {

float principal, rate, time, amount, compoundInterest;

int n;

printf("Enter the principal amount: ");

scanf("%f", &principal);

printf("Enter the rate of interest (in percentage): ");

scanf("%f", &rate);

printf("Enter the number of times that interest is compounded per year: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter the time in years: ");

scanf("%f", &time);

amount = principal * pow((1 + (rate / (n * 100))), n * time);

compoundInterest = amount - principal;

 printf("The amount after %f years is: %f\n", time, amount);

printf("The compound interest is: %f\n", compoundInterest);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the principal amount: 500.00

Enter the rate of interest (in percentage): 5.0

Enter the number of times that interest is compounded per year: 4

Enter the time in years: 4.0

The amount after 4.000000 years is: 609.945251

The compound interest is: 109.945251

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 11
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the third angle of a triangle if two

angles are given.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a, b, c;

printf("enter the first angle of a triangle=");

scanf("%d", &a);

printf("enter the second angle of the triangle=");

scanf("%d", &b);

printf("enter the third angle of the triangle=%d", c=180- ( a+ b));

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the first angle of a triangle= 60

enter the second angle of the triangle=50

enter the third angle of the triangle=70

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 12
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to enter any number and calculate its

square root.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int main() {

float number, squareRoot;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%f", &number);

if (number < 0) {

printf("invalid input\n");
} else {

squareRoot = sqrt(number);

printf("The square root of %f is: %f\n", number, squareRoot);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter a number: 324.00

The square root of 324.000000 is: 18.000000

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 13
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program using conditional operators.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

(num % 2 == 0) ? printf("%d is even.\n", num) : printf("%d is odd.\n", num);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter an integer: 5

5 is odd.
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 14
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the maximum between two num-

bers using conditional operator.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {

int a, b, max;

printf("enter first number =");

scanf("%d", &a);

printf("enter second number =");

scanf("%d", &b);

max= ((a>b)? a:b);

printf("maximum of %d and %d is %d", a, b, max);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter first number =56

enter second number =32

maximum of 56 and 32 is 56
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 15
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the maximum between three num-

ber using conditional operator.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {

int a, b, c, max;

printf("enter first number =");

scanf("%d", &a);

printf("enter second number =");

scanf("%d", &b);

printf("enter third number =");

scanf("%d", &c);

max= (a>b? (a>c?a:c):(b>c?b:c));

printf("maximum of %d, %d and %d is %d", a, b, c, max);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter first number = 23

enter second number = 52

enter third number = 45

maximum of 23, 52 and 45 is 52

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 16
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to check whether a number is odd or

even using conditional operator.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {

int a;

printf("enter the number =");

scanf("%d", &a);

(a%2==0? printf("%d is even ", a) : printf("%d is odd ", a));

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the number = 13

13 is odd
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 17
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to find the size and range of different

data types using sizeof operator.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<limits.h>

#include<float.h>

int main(){

printf("size of int : %lu bytes\n",sizeof(int));

printf ("range of int %d to %d\n\n",INT_MIN,INT_MAX);

printf("size of char : %lu bytes\n",sizeof(char));

printf("range of char %d to %d\n\n",CHAR_MIN,CHAR_MAX);

printf("size of short int : %lu bytes\n",sizeof(short int));

printf("range of short int %d to %d\n\n",SHRT_MIN,SHRT_MAX);

printf("size of long int : %lu bytes\n",sizeof(long int));

printf("range of long int %d to %d\n\n",LONG_MIN,LONG_MAX);

printf("size of float : %lu bytes\n",sizeof(float));

printf("range of float %d to %d\n\n",FLT_MIN,FLT_MAX);

 printf("size of double : %lu bytes\n",sizeof(double));

printf("range of double %d to %d\n\n",DBL_MIN,DBL_MAX);

printf ("size of long double: %lu bytes\n",sizeof(long double));

printf ("range of long double %d to %d\n\n",LDBL_MIN,LDBL_MAX);

return 0;

[Link]:

size of int : 4 bytes

range of int -2147483648 to 2147483647

size of char : 1 bytes

range of char -128 to 127

size of short int : 2 bytes

range of short int -32768 to 32767

size of long int : 4 bytes

range of long int -2147483648 to 2147483647

size of float : 4 bytes

range of float 0 to -536870912

size of double : 8 bytes

range of double 0 to -1

size of long double: 16 bytes

range of long double -2101347744 to -2101347760
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 18
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to check whether a year is leap year or

not using if-else.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {

int year;

printf("enter the year=");

scanf("%d", &year);

if(year%400||year!=100&&year%4==0)

printf("%d is a leap year \n", year);

else
printf("%d is not a leap year", year);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the year=2024

2024 is a leap year

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 19
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to check whether a number is divisible by

some other number using if-else.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num1, num2;

printf("Enter the first number: ");

scanf("%d", &num1);

printf("Enter the second number: ");

scanf("%d", &num2);

if (num1 % num2 == 0)
printf("%d is divisible by %d\n", num1,num2);

else

printf("%d is not divisible by %d\n", num1, num2);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the first number: 19

Enter the second number: 5

19 is not divisible by 5
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 20
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: Write a program to check whether a character is alphabet,

digit or special character using if-else.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

char x;

printf("enter the character = ");

scanf("%c", &x);

if(x>='0'&&x<='9')

printf("%c is a digit", x);

else if((x>='A'&&x<='Z')||(x>='a'&&x<='z'))
printf("%c is an alphabet", x);

else

printf("%c is a special character", x);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the character = *

* is a special character
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 21
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: WAP to input basic salary of an employee and calculate

gross salary according to given conditions,
Basic Salary <= 10000 : HRA = 20%, DA = 80%

Basic Salary is between 10001 to 20000 : HRA = 25%, DA = 90%

Basic Salary >= 20001 : HRA = 30%, DA = 95%

2. PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

float bs, gs, HRA, DA;

printf("enter the basic salary of employee=");

scanf("%f", &bs);

if (bs <= 10000)

HRA = bs * 20 / 100;

DA = bs * 80 / 100;

else if (bs > 10000 && bs <= 20000)

HRA = bs * 25 / 100;
 DA = bs * 90 / 100;

if (bs > 20000)

HRA = bs * 30 / 100;

DA = bs * 95 / 100;

gs = bs + HRA + DA;

printf("gross salary of the employee=%.2f",gs);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the basic salary of employee=21000.00

gross salary of the employee=47250.00

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 22
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: write a c program to check whether an alphabet is vowel

or consonant using switch case.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

char ch;

printf("enter an alphabet= ");

scanf(" %c", &ch);

if (ch >= 65 && ch <= 90)

ch = ch + 32;

switch (ch)

case 'a':

case 'e':

case 'i':

case 'o':
 case 'u':

printf("%c is a vowel!\n", ch);

break;

default:

if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z'))

printf("%c is a consonant!\n", ch);

else

printf("invalid input!\n");

break;

return 0;

[Link]:

enter an alphabet= Z

z is a consonant!
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 23
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: write a program to check whether a number is positive,

negative or zero using switch case.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

int num;

printf("enter a number= ");

scanf("%d", &num);

if (num > 0)

num = 1;

if (num == 0)

num = 0;

if (num < 0)

num = 2;

}
 switch (num)

case 0:

printf("zero");

break;

case 1:

printf("positive number!\n");

break;

case 2:

printf("negative number!\n");
break;

default:

printf("invalid\n");

break;

return 0;

[Link]:

enter a number= -45

negative number!
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 24
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: write a program to input electricity unit charges and calcu-

late total electricity bill according to the given condition .
For first 50 units Rs 0.75/unit

For next 100 units Rs 0.75/unit

For next 100 units Rs 1.20/unit

For unit above 250 Rs 1.50/unit

An additional surcharge of 20% is added to the bill.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

float unit, sc, bill, tbill;

printf("enter the units = ");

scanf("%f", &unit);

if (unit <= 50)

bill = unit * 0.50;

else if (unit <= 150)

bill = (unit - 50) * 0.75 + 50 * 0.50;

 }

else if (unit <= 250)

bill = (unit - 150) * 1.20 + 100 * 0.75 + 50 * 0.50;

else

bill = (unit - 250) * 1.50 + 100 * 1.20 + 100 * 0.75 + 50 * 0.50;

sc = bill * 20 / 100;
tbill = bill + sc;

printf("total electricity bill =Rs.%.2f\n”,tbill);

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the units = 300

total electricity bill =Rs.354.00

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 25
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: write a program to input cost price and selling price of a

product and check profit or loss using if-else.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

float cp, sp, profit, loss;

printf("enter the cost price = Rs. ");

scanf("%f", &cp);

printf("enter the selling price = Rs. ");

scanf("%f", &sp);

if (sp > cp)

profit = sp - cp;

printf("we have a profit of Rs.%.2f", profit);

if (sp < cp)

loss = cp - sp;

printf("we have a loss of Rs.%.2f", loss);

}
 if (sp == cp)

printf("no profit no loss!");

return 0;

[Link]:

enter the cost price = Rs. 45

enter the selling price = Rs. 45

no profit no loss!
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 26
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE: write a program to find frequency of each digit in a given

integer.
2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

void findDigitFrequency(int num)

int frequency[10] = {0};

if (num < 0)

num = -num;

while (num > 0)

int digit = num % 10;

frequency[digit]++;

num /= 10;

printf("Digit Frequency:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)

{
 if (frequency[i] > 0)

printf("Digit %d: %d times\n", i, frequency[i]);

int main()

int num;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

findDigitFrequency(num);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter an integer: 76658888

Digit Frequency:

Digit 5: 1 times

Digit 6: 2 times

Digit 7: 1 times

Digit 8: 4 times
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 27
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:write a c program to print all Armstrong numbers between

given interval using functions.

2. PROGRAM:
#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int getNumberOfDigits(int num)

int count = 0;

while (num != 0)

num /= 10;

count++;

return count;

int isArmstrong(int num)

int originalNum = num;

int sum = 0;

int digits = getNumberOfDigits(num);

while (num != 0)

{
 int digit = num % 10;

sum += pow(digit, digits);

num /= 10;

return (sum == originalNum);

void printArmstrongNumbersInRange(int start, int end)

printf("Armstrong numbers between %d and %d are:\n", start, end);

for (int num = start; num <= end; num++)

{

if (isArmstrong(num))

printf("%d ", num);

printf("\n");

int main()

int start, end;

printf("Enter the starting number of the interval: ");

scanf("%d", &start);

printf("Enter the ending number of the interval: ");

scanf("%d", &end);

printArmstrongNumbersInRange(start, end);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the starting number of the interval: 100

Enter the ending number of the interval: 1000

Armstrong numbers between 100 and 1000 are:

153 370 371 407

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 28
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:write a c program to find all prime numbers between given

interval using functions.

2. PROGRAM:
#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdbool.h>

bool isPrime(int num) {

if (num <= 1) {

return false;

for (int i = 2; i * i <= num; i++) {

if (num % i == 0) {

return false;

return true;

void printPrimesInRange(int start, int end) {

printf("Prime numbers between %d and %d are:\n", start, end);

for (int num = start; num <= end; num++) {

if (isPrime(num)) {

printf("%d ", num);

}
 }

printf("\n");

int main() {

int start, end;

printf("Enter the starting number of the interval: ");

scanf("%d", &start);

printf("Enter the ending number of the interval: ");

scanf("%d", &end);

printPrimesInRange(start, end);
return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the starting number of the interval: 1

Enter the ending number of the interval: 100

Prime numbers between 1 and 100 are:

2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89 97
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 29
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:write a c program to find the factorial of any number using

tail recursion.

2. PROGRAM:
#include <stdio.h>

long long factorial(int n, long long result) {

if (n == 0 || n == 1) {

return result;

return factorial(n - 1, n * result);

int main() {

int num;

printf("Enter a number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

long long fact = factorial(num, 1);

printf("Factorial of %d is %lld\n", num, fact);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter a number: 5

Factorial of 5 is 120
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 30
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Write a C program to find GCD (HCF) and LCM of two num-

bers using recursion.

2. PROGRAM:
#include <stdio.h>

int gcd(int a, int b) {

if (b == 0) {

return a;

return gcd(b, a % b);

int lcm(int a, int b) {

return (a * b) / gcd(a, b);

int main() {

int num1, num2;

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

int gcd_result = gcd(num1, num2);

int lcm_result = lcm(num1, num2);

printf("GCD of %d and %d is: %d\n", num1, num2, gcd_result);

printf("LCM of %d and %d is: %d\n", num1, num2, lcm_result);

return 0;
}

[Link]:

Enter two numbers: 51 70

GCD of 51 and 70 is: 1

LCM of 51 and 70 is: 3570

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 31
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Write a C program to count total number of even and odd

elements in an array.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int n;

printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n];

printf("Enter %d elements:\n", n);

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}

int evenCount = 0, oddCount = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

if (arr[i] % 2 == 0) {

evenCount++;

} else {

oddCount++;

printf("Total even numbers: %d\n", evenCount);

 printf("Total odd numbers: %d\n", oddCount);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the number of elements in the array: 10

Enter 10 elements:

4
5

10

Total even numbers: 5

Total odd numbers: 5

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 32
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Write a C program to find and interchange the biggest/

smallest element in an array of N elements

2. PROGRAM:
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int n;

printf("Enter the number of elements in the array: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n];

printf("Enter %d elements:\n", n);

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

int largestIndex = 0, smallestIndex = 0;

for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {

if (arr[i] > arr[largestIndex]) {

largestIndex = i;

if (arr[i] < arr[smallestIndex]) {

smallestIndex = i;

}
 printf("Largest element is %d at index %d\n", arr[largestIndex], largestIndex);

printf("Smallest element is %d at index %d\n", arr[smallestIndex], smallestIn-

dex);

int temp = arr[largestIndex];

arr[largestIndex] = arr[smallestIndex];

arr[smallestIndex] = temp;

printf("Array after interchanging largest and smallest elements:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

printf("%d ", arr[i]);

}
printf("\n");

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the number of elements in the array: 6

Enter 6 elements:

12

14

77

Largest element is 77 at index 3

Smallest element is 1 at index 5

Array after interchanging largest and smallest elements:

12 14 4 1 8 77
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 33
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Write a C program to read elements in two matrices and

multiply them.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

void readMatrix(int matrix[][10], int rows, int cols, const char *name) {

printf("Enter elements of matrix %s (%dx%d):\n", name, rows, cols);

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

printf("Element [%d][%d]: ", i + 1, j + 1);

scanf("%d", &matrix[i][j]);

}
}

void printMatrix(int matrix[][10], int rows, int cols) {

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);

printf("\n");

}
void multiplyMatrices(int mat1[][10], int mat2[][10], int result[][10], int r1, int c1,
int c2) {

for (int i = 0; i < r1; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < c2; j++) {

result[i][j] = 0; // Initialize result cell to 0

for (int k = 0; k < c1; k++) {

result[i][j] += mat1[i][k] * mat2[k][j];

}
}

int main() {

int r1, c1, r2, c2;

int mat1[10][10], mat2[10][10], result[10][10];

printf("Enter rows and columns for the first matrix: ");

scanf("%d %d", &r1, &c1);

printf("Enter rows and columns for the second matrix: ");

scanf("%d %d", &r2, &c2);

if (c1 != r2) {

printf("Matrix multiplication not possible! Number of columns in first matrix

must equal number of rows in second matrix.\n");

return 1;

readMatrix(mat1, r1, c1, "A");

readMatrix(mat2, r2, c2, "B");

multiplyMatrices(mat1, mat2, result, r1, c1, c2);

 printf("Resultant matrix after multiplication:\n");

printMatrix(result, r1, c2);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter rows and columns for the first matrix: 2 3

Enter rows and columns for the second matrix: 3 2

Enter elements of matrix A (2x3):

Element [1][1]: 1

Element [1][2]: 2

Element [1][3]: 3

Element [2][1]: 4

Element [2][2]: 5

Element [2][3]: 6

Enter elements of matrix B (3x2):

Element [1][1]: 7

Element [1][2]: 8

Element [2][1]: 9

Element [2][2]: 10

Element [3][1]: 11

Element [3][2]: 12

Resultant matrix after multiplication:

58 64

139 154
 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 34
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Develop a program to check whether given string is palin-

drome or not.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <ctype.h>

int isPalindrome(char str[]) {

int start = 0;

int end = strlen(str) - 1;

while (start < end) {

while (start < end && !isalnum(str[start])) {

start++;

while (start < end && !isalnum(str[end])) {

end--;

if (tolower(str[start]) != tolower(str[end])) {

return 0;

}
 start++;

end--;

return 1;

int main() {

char str[100];

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);

str[strcspn(str, "\n")] = '\0';

if (isPalindrome(str)) {

printf("\"%s\" is a palindrome.\n", str);

} else {

printf("\"%s\" is not a palindrome.\n", str);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter a string: A man, a plan, a canal: Panama

"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama" is a palindrome.

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 35
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Create a structure called "Student" with members name,

age, and total marks. Write a C program to input data for two stu-
dents, display their information, and find the average of total marks.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

struct Student {

char name[50];

int age;

float totalMarks;

};

int main() {
struct Student student1, student2;

float averageMarks;

printf("Enter details for Student 1:\n");

printf("Name: ");

fgets([Link], sizeof([Link]), stdin);

[Link][strcspn([Link], "\n")] = '\0';

printf("Age: ");

scanf("%d", &[Link]);
 printf("Total Marks: ");

scanf("%f", &[Link]);

getchar();

printf("\nEnter details for Student 2:\n");

printf("Name: ");

fgets([Link], sizeof([Link]), stdin);

[Link][strcspn([Link], "\n")] = '\0';

printf("Age: ");

scanf("%d", &[Link]);
printf("Total Marks: ");

scanf("%f", &[Link]);

printf("\nStudent 1 Details:\n");

printf("Name: %s\n", [Link]);

printf("Age: %d\n", [Link]);

printf("Total Marks: %.2f\n", [Link]);

printf("\nStudent 2 Details:\n");

printf("Name: %s\n", [Link]);

printf("Age: %d\n", [Link]);

printf("Total Marks: %.2f\n", [Link]);

averageMarks = ([Link] + [Link]) / 2;

printf("\nAverage Total Marks: %.2f\n", averageMarks);

return 0;

[Link]:
Enter details for Student 1:

Name: pramod

Age: 99

Total Marks: 21.5

Enter details for Student 2:

Name: aithani

Age: 98

Total Marks: 20.5

Student 1 Details:

Name: pramod

Age: 99

Total Marks: 21.50

Student 2 Details:

Name: aithani

Age: 98

Total Marks: 20.50

Average Total Marks: 21.00

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 36
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Define a structure named Time with members hours, min-

utes, and seconds. Write a C program to input two times, add them,
and display the result in proper time format.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

struct Time {

int hours;

int minutes;

int seconds;

};

struct Time addTimes(struct Time t1, struct Time t2) {

struct Time result;

[Link] = [Link] + [Link];

[Link] = [Link] + [Link] + ([Link] / 60);

[Link] %= 60;

[Link] = [Link] + [Link] + ([Link] / 60);

[Link] %= 60;

[Link] %= 24;
 return result;

int main() {

struct Time time1, time2, result;

printf("Enter the first time (hours minutes seconds): ");

scanf("%d %d %d", &[Link], &[Link], &[Link]);

printf("Enter the second time (hours minutes seconds): ");

scanf("%d %d %d", &[Link], &[Link], &[Link]);

result = addTimes(time1, time2);

printf("\nThe resultant time is: %02d:%02d:%02d\n", [Link], [Link]-

utes, [Link]);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter the first time (hours minutes seconds): 1 30 30

Enter the second time (hours minutes seconds): 2 45 25

The resultant time is: 04:15:55

 Page No.

PROGRAM NO 37
NAME: PRAMOD AITHANI

COURSE: BCA

SEMESTER:1ST

ROLL NO. :20

DATE:

1. OBJECTIVE:Create a structure named "Employee" to store employee de-

tails such as employee ID, name, and salary. Write a program to input
data for three employees, find the highest salary employee, and dis-
play their information.

2. PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

struct Employee {

int id;

char name[50];

float salary;

};

int main() {
struct Employee employees[3], highestSalaryEmployee;

printf("Enter details for 3 employees:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

printf("\nEmployee %d:\n", i + 1);

printf("ID: ");

scanf("%d", &employees[i].id);

getchar();

printf("Name: ");

fgets(employees[i].name, sizeof(employees[i].name), stdin);

employees[i].name[strcspn(employees[i].name, "\n")] = '\0';

 printf("Salary: ");

scanf("%f", &employees[i].salary);

highestSalaryEmployee = employees[0];

for (int i = 1; i < 3; i++) {

if (employees[i].salary > [Link]) {

highestSalaryEmployee = employees[i];

printf("\nEmployee with the highest salary:\n");

printf("ID: %d\n", [Link]);

printf("Name: %s\n", [Link]);

printf("Salary: %.2f\n", [Link]);

return 0;

[Link]:

Enter details for 3 employees:

Employee 1:

ID: 11

Name: pramod

Salary: 1000

Employee 2:

ID: 12

Name: prakash

Salary: 2000

Employee 3:

ID: 13

Name: pradeep

Salary: 3000
Employee with the highest salary:

ID: 13

Name: pradeep

Salary: 3000.00