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Noun

The document provides a comprehensive overview of nouns, including their definitions, types (such as concrete, abstract, common, proper, collective, and material nouns), and grammatical rules for usage and pluralization. It also covers noun gender, cases, and examples to illustrate each concept. The content serves as a guide for understanding the various aspects of nouns in the English language.

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8 views20 pages

Noun

The document provides a comprehensive overview of nouns, including their definitions, types (such as concrete, abstract, common, proper, collective, and material nouns), and grammatical rules for usage and pluralization. It also covers noun gender, cases, and examples to illustrate each concept. The content serves as a guide for understanding the various aspects of nouns in the English language.

Uploaded by

rohitt212212
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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i NOUN : Definition : 2. Concrete Noun and Abstract Noun, (0) Concrete Noun: me 4. Common Noun and Proper Noun Aword that is the name ofa thing, an idea, a place or @ person is called Noun. it dar we at fer Person, Place, Thing #7 FU! Ee 1 Reaesh is watching a movie. 2. _ Sdiile is used to measure height 3. @New Delhi is the capital of India. 4. Steel is the backbone of industries. Note : Ramesh, Scale, Delhi, Steel, etc. are nouns. To identify a noun in a sentence, we ask one of the 3 Wh question words-'what,who,shom from the verb) arFtW noun a yeurrd a fee eH verb % what, who, whom’ wea ys aad it Answer of who - Subjective Case Answer of whom - Objective Case Eg. Ram is writing a letter. 1. who is writing a letter? uel who I 3 Ram #1 vafee Ram #1 subjective case Fel SUM, J} GF Noun #1 Ram is writing what? ael what #1 3A a letter #1 Fafary a letter FT objective case #e1 sem, a! TH Noun #1 KINDS OF NOUN Qe (a) Common Noun: A Common Noun is the generic (b) 172 ame for a person, place, or thing in a class or group, Common Noun is not capitalgdd unless it either begins a sentence or appears in a title. [Link] at Noun 1 ¥@ class 7 34% UH member F At F aaa Eg. Name of People - Man, Woman, Girl, Boy, Student Name of Places - City, State, Country Name of Things- Airline, Building Proper Noun: A name used for an individual person, place or organization, spelied with an initial capital ae fart faem cafe, a, eat ante a cha aT Bi Eg. RW Name of Specific People - Sahil, Rahul, Payal Name of Specific Places - Delhi, Mumbai, Bihar Name of Specific Things- Red Pen, Wooden Table A Noun which 1s in its physical exisiee! touch, smell, hear. wy can see, taste, yam wen #) Common Noun, Proper Noun, Collect Material Noun, all come under Coneyeqs® Bg. Chair, Book, Coffee, Apple 4 Abstract Noun: A Noun the omes under Abstrac '5 no pp 1° Poy Soun. Wet ery NB aly (b) existence feel it. 3 Nouns #1 4% emotion and a fe Love, Hate. It can be an 1d Eg. Success, F BOTH CAN BE DIFFERENTIATED ~ teRoun | Abstractor jure Concrete Noun Partner Partnership Mobile Phone Mobility Friend | Friendship Teacher Knowledge Adulthood Adult | 3. Collective Noun 5 A Noun that denotes a collection of persor taken asa Whole’ or ‘Ghit. It mainly inet group or category of similar items. It cant singular or plural Collective Noun #1 use f a #1 torn, ata fem, ae a eat Collective Noun AGroup of 284 ‘Animals. | Gang Bees Swarm Soldiers Army Students Class Stairs QRAi Flight Players Team People Crowd __ Ships fleet pSreaeaae ta [Link] Noun sya + A Noun which indicates substance from which thing ae we A fre aa, aH, srg, eq zea ane @, S Material noun #81 sat #1 Eg. Iron, Gold, Silver, Cotton, Brass. a raw materia ade are Rakesh Yadav Readers Publication P yr oun and Uncountable Noun ie soe ie couattge ca PF inintt and 8 ne degre Sie me 1 Singular or Plural 74 m 394A by) Noun: Countable Noun is used for ‘count using numbers. They have a plural form The singular forme ner a or an before it = ( man, women ete Pens. ook, i , Bor ple Noun: Uncountable nouns are for the atabian not Count WIth T we bers, They may wine for abstract ideas oF, qualities or for iMypjects that are too small or too igus to be counted aty he BS ad er Bg arn ten (er w ea, Sugar, Water, Air, Rice, Love,Copper ete NOUN NUMBER gagulat Noun : When noun indicates only one bea TAD) tq Bo. woman, gith, man, sheep ete ioral Noun: When noun indicates more than fits plural. We add ‘s/es’ to change from Gngular to plural. fa eon a we a ar AHI) pg. Bos-Boy's: Girl ~ Girls gale for singular to plural. gular to Plural (By Adding 's') pe By =~ BONS Girl - «Girls Coat |= - Coats Dollar - Dollars ow = - «Owls 1, noun ends with s, es, ch, sh, z, or x, add (es) at last. Eg. Dish - Dishes Mass - Masses Bench - Benches Fox - Foxes Bus - Buses 3, Ifnoun is ending with double vowel just add''s'. Eg. Bee - Bees Woe - + Woes Radio - Radios Rupee - Rupees 4. If'noun is ending with (0), add ‘es’ at last Eg. Mango Mangoes Hero - Heroes Potato - Potatoes Cargo - Cargoes Rakesh Yadav Readers Publication Pvt. Ltd Ta Ifnoun ts ending with y',add tes’ in place of 7 Ee. fats = Babies City = Cities Pony = Ponies Army = Armies If noun is ending with’ or fe’ replace them with ves Eg. Calf - Calv Leaf Leaves, Self Selves Wife Wives Half = - Halves Sometimes singular noun can be changed to plural by changing its spelling. Eg. Woman Man Foot Feet Tooth Teeth If the noun ends with ‘ey’, add ‘s' Key Keys Toy Ray Rays ‘Some nouns add ‘en’ to make plural form. Some nouns take ‘en’ for its plural form. Child - Children Ox Oxen Women - Men Toys Some Compound Nouns 10. (i) Compound noun # WH We A'S! Beet Plural aaa rat Zh Court - martial ac——eovrromnwv— Courts - martial Daughter - in-law ters - in - law Coat-of-mail | fees ane Editor-in-general_ | ‘Son-in-law of - mail Editors - in - gene It ‘Sons - in-law ose ees Singular Hanger - on | Hangers - on Runner-up | Runners-up Looker -on | Lookers-on Pee eee ee Passer - by | Passers - by [Grown up [Sant by | Step- daughters | Grown-ups | (i) There are morea's thane’son this page 12. (ii)Dot youri’sand cross your's (ii) Add twoS'sand four 2's Some Foreign words 11, Singular Plural From Italian: Bandit Banditti (or bandits) 13. Tempo Tempi From Latin: Synopses Synopsis Erratum Errata Index Indices/Indexes Radius Radii Formula Formulae or formulas Memorandum Memoranda Thesis Theses Candelabrum Candelabra Phenomenon Phenomena : Agendum Agenda Datum Data Stratum Strata Medium Media/Mediums Vertebra Vertebrae Focus Foci / Pog Fungus Fungiryet’ Radios Radiat Syllabus Syllabirs,) cueeieaturn Curmeute Gymnasium Gymnasia Aquanur Aquariayan” Sanatorium Sanatariag. Symposium Symposia From Greek: n Axis Axes Crisis Crises Basis Bases Analysis Analyses Hypothesis Hypotheses Phenomenon Phenomena Alumnus Alumni Bacillus Bacilli Locus Loci Stimulus Stimuli Diagnosis Diagnoses Ellipsis Ellipses Oasis Oases '@ Nouns compound-nouns 38 fry one-word @ 5 Sat #1 344: S741 Plural 7 yp Spoonfuls (not spoonsful) — Spoonfui, Handfuls (not handsful) — Handfuls f, Cupfuls (not cupsful) — Cupfuls of tea Glassfuls (not glassesfuls) — Glassfuty ae Nouns * Plural 741 Singular a Sheep, grouse, Trout, Pice, Spices, ¢ Swine, Corps, Apparatus, Series, Fish, Examples: (i) A series of lecture was delivered, (ii) There are eighty fish in this pond, (iii) This species of sparrow is very ren (iv) There are many species of birds in NOUN AS SINGULAR. Some nouns are used only in the sing though they end in-s, take singular verb Name of Subject: Maths, Physics, E Politics, Ethics etc. Name of sports: Billiards, Aquatics, Gy Athletics ete Rakesh Yadav Readers Publication of Book: Three Musketeers, Gulliver's Jame ® arabian Nights ete avels. (of Countries/ Organisation: United States, indies, United Arab Emirates etc Noun! ri arn ne West ome other ons ete, Innings, Series, News umm me of Diseases: Measles, MUmps, Rickets etc "NOUN AS PLURAL | ome nouns only have a plural form. They jannot be used in singular form, a aguas rn plus form 8 fra ar #1) xg. Tools & Insthuiments: Bi sunglasses ete. Clothing: Jeans, Pyjamas, Shorts, Pants ete ‘Accesories: Gores, Sungiasses, Shoes, Bangbesete Other Nouns: Earnings, Auspices (Support), q+ Alms, Thanks, Proceeds, Riches, Customs, Surroundings, Earnings, Manners, Rations etc. 1. My scissors is very costly. (Replace is’ with ‘are) 2. My pants is missing, (Replace 4s’ with ‘are}) some Nouns look Singular. But they are used as plural jouns and always take a plural verb, _ Artillery, Cattle, Company, Gentry, Peasantry, Police,Poultry, people, cavalry, infantry, gen- try, clergy, majority, folk etc. police have reinvestigated the case. Uncountable Nouns are used with singular helping yerb and they do not take articles ‘a/an’ or determiners like many, few, number of etc (uncountable Nouns % #14 ev singular helping verb #1 wai Bit #1) Eg: advice, information, hair, luggage, business, work, food, poetry, alphabet, postage, knowledge jewellery, cost, behaviour, crockery, confectionery, bakery, baggage, luggage etc NOUN GENDER Definition: Gender is that form of Noun which indicates the sex of a person or ai al. The difference of sex is called the difference of Gender. Gender Noun #1 ae wart # st fer oof am fein seen th seal sh wet at orf wt cate ipogulars, Headphones, We classify nouns into 4 genders- Masculine Gender : Masculine nouns are words for men, boys and male animals ete Bg. Actor, Author, Bachelor, Boy, Brother, Man, etc. we eas HF FU use tit akesh Yadav Readers Publication Pvt. Ltd 2. Feminine Gender: Feminine nouns are words for females. Eg. Girls, Female animals, Actress, Sister, Women etc WWE H Related HT & i for both Common Gender: Some nouns are & males and females [Link], Bird, Cat, Cattle Child, D: Guest etc "WU Noun Female 3 Male 23 # fort use a 8 Neuter Gender: Neuter means neither mele oF female. It refers to lifeless objects. Eg. Pen, Pencil, Car, Bus, Book ete Non-living things Neuter Gender #teiei #1 Masculine or feminine #1 art qQ) (2) (3) (4) (5) Personified objects that are considered as sources as male fertility of strength and superiority are treat and objects supposed to possess beauty or grace are treated as female arti rita ani aaa st ates atk sea Se oS a #38 glee aon ot aes Sed, soe en ferent a Sie ee ¢. 58 wife eo A vain fara are 1 Examples: (Masculine) Sun, Ocean, Death, War, Time. (Feminine) Earth, Moon, Nature, Love, Hope, Peace. We Nouns yee sit cif,

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