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Python Operators
Last Updated : 2 Dec, 2025

In Python programming, Operators in general are used to perform operations on values and variables.

Operators: Special symbols like -, + , * , /, etc.

Operands: Value on which the operator is applied.

Types of Operators in Python

Operators in Python

Arithmetic Operators
Python Arithmetic operators are used to perform basic mathematical operations like addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division.

In Python 3.x the result of division is a floating-point while in Python 2.x division of 2 integers was an
integer. To obtain an integer result in Python 3.x floored (// integer) is used.

# Variables
a = 15
b = 4

# Addition
print("Addition:", a + b)

# Subtraction
print("Subtraction:", a - b)

# Multiplication
print("Multiplication:", a * b)

# Division
print("Division:", a / b)

# Floor Division

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print("Floor Division:", a // b)

# Modulus
print("Modulus:", a % b)

# Exponentiation
print("Exponentiation:", a ** b)

Output

Addition: 19
Subtraction: 11
Multiplication: 60
Division: 3.75
Floor Division: 3
Modulus: 3
Exponentiation: 50625

Note: Refer to Differences between / and //.

Comparison Operators
In Python, Comparison (or Relational) operators compares values. It either returns True or False
according to the condition.

a = 13
b = 33

print(a > b)
print(a < b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)
print(a >= b)
print(a <= b)

Output

False
True
False
True
False
True

Logical Operators
Python Logical operators perform Logical AND, Logical OR and Logical NOT operations. It is used to
combine conditional statements.

The precedence of Logical Operators in Python is as follows:

1. Logical not
2. logical and
3. logical or

a = True
b = False
print(a and b)
print(a or b)
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3/21/26, 11:26 AM Python Operators - GeeksforGeeks
print(not a)

Output

False
True
False

Bitwise Operators
Python Bitwise operators act on bits and perform bit-by-bit operations. These are used to operate on
binary numbers.

Bitwise Operators in Python are as follows:

1. Bitwise NOT
2. Bitwise Shift
3. Bitwise AND
4. Bitwise XOR
5. Bitwise OR

a = 10
b = 4

print(a & b)
print(a | b)
print(~a)
print(a ^ b)
print(a >> 2)
print(a << 2)

Output

0
14
-11
14
2
40

Assignment Operators
Python Assignment operators are used to assign values to the variables. This operator is used to assign
the value of the right side of the expression to the left side operand.

Example

a = 10
b = a
print(b)
b += a
print(b)
b -= a
print(b)
b *= a
print(b)
b <<= a
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3/21/26, 11:26 AM Python Operators - GeeksforGeeks
print(b)

Output

10
20
10
100
102400

Identity Operators
In Python, is and is not are the identity operators both are used to check if two values are located on the
same part of the memory. Two variables that are equal do not imply that they are identical.

is True if the operands are identical

is not True if the operands are not identical

a = 10
b = 20
c = a

print(a is not b)
print(a is c)

Output

True
True

Membership Operators
In Python, in and not in are the membership operators that are used to test whether a value or variable is
in a sequence.

in True if value is found in the sequence

not in True if value is not found in the sequence

x = 24
y = 20
list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

if (x not in list):
print("x is NOT present in given list")
else:
print("x is present in given list")

if (y in list):
print("y is present in given list")
else:
print("y is NOT present in given list")

Output

x is NOT present in given list

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3/21/26, 11:26 AM Python Operators - GeeksforGeeks
y is present in given list

Ternary Operator
in Python, Ternary operators also known as conditional expressions are operators that evaluate
something based on a condition being true or false. It was added to Python in version 2.5.

It simply allows testing a condition in a single line replacing the multiline if-else, making the code
compact.

Syntax : [on_true] if [expression] else [on_false]

a, b = 10, 20
min = a if a < b else b

print(min)

Output

10

Precedence and Associativity of Operators

In Python, Operator precedence and associativity determine the priorities of the operator.

Operator Precedence

This is used in an expression with more than one operator with different precedence to determine which
operation to perform first.

expr = 10 + 20 * 30
print(expr)
name = "Alex"
age = 0

if name == "Alex" or name == "John" and age >= 2:

print("Hello! Welcome.")
else:
print("Good Bye!!")

Output

610
Hello! Welcome.

Operator Associativity

If an expression contains two or more operators with the same precedence then Operator Associativity is
used to determine. It can either be Left to Right or from Right to Left.

print(100 / 10 * 10)
print(5 - 2 + 3)
print(5 - (2 + 3))

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3/21/26, 11:26 AM Python Operators - GeeksforGeeks
print(2 ** 3 ** 2)

Output

100.0
6
0
512

Related Links:

Quiz on Python Operators

Operator Overloading
Why are there no ++ and - Operator in Python
Difference between == and is Operator

Recommended Problems:

Arithmetic Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Modulo Task
Last Digit of a number
Sum of N Numbers
LCM And GCD

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Arithmetic
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Logical
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Identity
Comparison
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Bitwise
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1
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Suggested Quiz 10 Questions


What is the primary purpose of operators in Python programming?

A To format strings

B To perform operations on values and variables

C To manage memory allocation

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

D To handle exceptions


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