Natural Numbers

Can you sort the numbers?

2, 19 , 17, 22, 5, 36, 33, 7, 1, 0, 12

100, 77, 89, 64, 1200, 131, 3, 52, 96, 9

ODD EVEN

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Create your own definition for odd and even numbers

ODD EVEN
19, 17, 5, 2, 22,
HINT:
33, 7, 1, 36, 12,
2
77, 89, 131, 100, 89,
3, 9 64, 1200,
52, 96
 True/ False
Odd Number + Odd Number = Even Number

ODD A whole number

which is not
19, 17, 5,
divisible by two.
33, 7, 1, When divided by 2,
77, 89, 131, the answer has a
3, 9 remainder.
 True/ False
Even Number + Even Number = Even Number

EVEN
A whole number
which can be
2, 22,
divided by 2 with 36, 12,
no remainder. 100, 89,
64, 1200,
52, 96
The number line

Key points for drawing a number line:

● Done in pencil, using a ruler

● Each number is equidistant from each other

What can you notice about the the relationship between a number and how far left/right it is?
Place value
The digits in each number have different values.
 Factor:
A factor of a number divides exactly into that
number, leaving no remainder.
TRUE FALSE

4 is a factor of 20
3 is a factor of 34
1 is a factor of every number
Every number is a factor of itself
Another word for factor is DIVISOR
The factors of 16 are 1,2,4,8,16
3 x 6 is a pair factor of 18
 TRUE FALSE

4 is a factor of 20 TRUE
3 is a factor of 34 FALSE
1 is a factor of every number TRUE
Every number is a factor of itself TRUE
Another word for factor is DIVISOR TRUE
The factors of 16 are 1,2,4,7,16 FALSE
3 x 6 is a pair factor of 18 TRUE
 Highest Common Factor (HCF):

Factors of 56 Factors of 48 Factors of 36 Factors of 81 Factors of 144

1. What is the HCF of 56 and 48?

2. What is the HCF of 48 and 144?
3. What is the HCF of 36, 81 and 144?
4. What is the HCF of 144, 56 and 48?
5. What is the lowest common factor of 56 and 36?
6. TRUE/FALSE – Is the lowest common factor always ONE?

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 Prime Numbers:
A number with 2 factors only, itself and 1.
Exception: 1 is not a Prime Number.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

PRIME NUMBERS

COMPOSITE NUMBERS

What is the ONLY even PRIME number between 1 - 100?

 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 and 5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 and 13
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 17 and 19
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 41 and 43

71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
71 and 73
81 82 83 84 85 eee 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

PRIME NUMBERS Identify the Twin Prime Numbers:

Two prime numbers have one or two
COMPOSITE NUMBERS
composite numbers between them
 Steps to finding the Prime Numbers 1. Colour in number 1 as this is NOT a
between 1– 100: Prime Number.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2. Number 2 is a Prime Number.

Do not colour in number 2.
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Colour in ALL the multiples of 2.
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3. Number 3 is a Prime Number.
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Do not colour in number 3.
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Colour in ALL the multiples of 3.
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 4. Number 5 is a Prime Number.
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 Do not colour in number 5.
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Colour in ALL the multiples of 5.

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 5. Number 7 is a Prime Number.

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Do not colour in number 7.
Colour in ALL the multiples of 7 .
Note: We are colouring in all the numbers which ARE NOT Prime
Numbers. Numbers left uncoloured will be the PRIME NUMBERS
 With your prime numbers at hand,
what do the following numbers have in common?

25 51 77

5x5 3 x 17 7 x 11

Hint: What is a Prime Factor?

Factor trees - any composite number can be
written as prime numbers multiplied together.
Multiple: is the number we get when we multiply a given number by a
Multiple: Look at thewhole number.
table and explain what a multiple is.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72

7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84

8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96

9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144

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1 2 3 4 5 6
Lowest Common Multiple
1 2 3 4 5 6
(LCM):
The Lowest Common Multiple is the
2 4 6 8 10 12
smallest number common in both
3 6 9 12 15 18 multiples of a given number.
4 8 12 16 20 24

5 10 15 20 25 30 Q1. What is the LCM of 4 and 2?

6 12 18 24 30 36 Q2. What is the LCM of 4 and 5?
Q3. What is the LCM of 3, 5 and 6?
7 14 21 28 35 42
Q4. What is the LCM of 2, 3 and 5?
8 16 24 32 40 48
Q5. What is the LCM of 6 and 8?
9 18 27 36 45 54
Q6. What is the LCM of 8 and 16?
Q7. TRUE / FALSE You always get a common
10 20 30 40 50 60 multiple of a pair of numbers by multiplying
them together.
11 22 33 44 55 66 Q8. Why have I not asked you to find the
12 24 36 48 60 72
Highest Common Multiple yet?

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Lowest Common Multiple (LCM):
The Lowest Common Multiple is the smallest number common in both multiples of a given number.

Q. What is the LCM of 6 and 8?

Q. TRUE / FALSE You always get a common multiple of a pair of numbers by multiplying them together.

Q. Why have I not asked you to find the Highest Common Multiple yet?
Square Numbers
and Square Roots
Square numbers are called square numbers
because you can make a square out of
that number of smaller squares.
I can make a large square out of 9
small squares like this:
But I can’t make a larger square out
of
10 small squares, however hard I try!
Multiplying a number by itself gives
you
a square number.

So 2 x 2 = 4 and 3 x 3 = 9.

4 and 9 are square

numbers.
What are the square numbers
of these multiplications?

1x1=

2x2=
7x7=

8x8=
The square root of a number is the factor that
when multiplied by itself gives the square
number.
So if 8 x 8 = 64 then the square root of 64 = 8

In maths we can write this as:

8² = 64
and

√64 = 8
 Order of operations
If you have multiple operations in a sum you
have to do them in a specific order.
 Commutative Property
Commutative means that the order does not make
any difference.
a+b=b+a a•b=b•a
Examples
4+5=5+4
2•3=3•2
The commutative property does not work for
subtraction or division.
Array method of multiplying
 Associative Property
Associative means that the grouping does
not make any difference.
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c) (ab) c = a (bc)
Examples
(1 + 2) + 3 = 1 + (2 + 3)
(2 • 3) • 4 = 2 • (3 • 4)
The associative property does not work for
subtraction or division.
Rounding

- To the nearest 10, 100, 1000 etc.

- You look at the digit after the one you want to
round
- When a number ends with 0-4 you round down
- When a number ends with 5-9 you round up
- Example: Round 32 to the nearest ten
Rounding to significant figures
If I round to ____ significant figures then I am only
interested in the first ___ digits of the number. And
the rest of the digits change to 0
Example: Round 2347 to 2 significant figures.
23/47 = 4 rounds a number down.
2300