Class 10 Science – Chapter 2: Acids, Bases
and Salts
300 MCQs (No Answers) | Easy Difficult
SECTION A: EASY QUESTIONS (Q1–Q150)
1. Which of the following is an acid? (a) NaOH (b) HCl (c) Ca(OH) (d) KOH
2. What is the chemical formula of hydrochloric acid? (a) H SO (b) HNO (c) HCl (d) H PO
3. Which of the following is a base? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) NaOH (d) HNO
4. The pH of a neutral solution is: (a) 0 (b) 7 (c) 14 (d) 1
5. Litmus paper turns red in the presence of: (a) Base (b) Acid (c) Salt (d) Neutral solution
6. Litmus paper turns blue in the presence of: (a) Acid (b) Salt (c) Base (d) Water
7. Which of the following is a strong acid? (a) Acetic acid (b) Carbonic acid (c) Sulphuric acid (d)
Citric acid
8. The chemical name of baking soda is: (a) Sodium carbonate (b) Sodium hydrogen carbonate
(c) Sodium chloride (d) Sodium hydroxide
9. Chemical formula of baking soda is: (a) Na CO (b) NaHCO (c) NaCl (d) NaOH
10. Which gas is produced when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate? (a) Oxygen (b) Hydrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Nitrogen
11. The process of dissolving an acid or base in water is called: (a) Neutralisation (b) Dilution (c)
Ionisation (d) Precipitation
12. What is produced when an acid reacts with a base? (a) Salt and water (b) Salt and hydrogen
gas (c) Salt and CO (d) Only water
13. Which of the following is a natural indicator? (a) Phenolphthalein (b) Methyl orange (c)
Litmus (d) Universal indicator
14. Vinegar contains which acid? (a) Citric acid (b) Acetic acid (c) Tartaric acid (d) Lactic acid
15. Lemon juice contains which acid? (a) Acetic acid (b) Oxalic acid (c) Citric acid (d) Formic
acid
16. The pH scale ranges from: (a) 0 to 7 (b) 1 to 14 (c) 0 to 14 (d) 0 to 10
17. A solution with pH less than 7 is: (a) Basic (b) Neutral (c) Acidic (d) Salt
18. A solution with pH greater than 7 is: (a) Acidic (b) Neutral (c) Basic (d) Salt
19. Which gas is liberated when dilute H SO reacts with zinc? (a) SO (b) H (c) CO (d) O
20. Common salt is chemically known as: (a) NaHCO (b) Na CO (c) NaCl (d) CaCl
21. Bleaching powder is: (a) Ca(OH) (b) CaOCl (c) CaCO (d) CaCl
22. Washing soda has the formula: (a) Na CO ·10H (b)
O NaHCO (c) NaCl (d) Na SO
23. Plaster of Paris is: (a) CaSO ·2H O
(b) CaSO ·½H O
(c) CaO (d) Ca(OH)
24. Which of the following is used to test basicity? (a) Red litmus (b) Blue litmus (c)
Phenolphthalein (d) Methyl orange
25. Milk of magnesia is used as: (a) Antiseptic (b) Antacid (c) Fertilizer (d) Bleaching agent
26. The chemical formula of milk of magnesia is: (a) Mg(OH) (b) MgCO (c) MgSO (d) MgCl
27. Acid rain occurs when the pH of rain water is: (a) Less than 5.6 (b) Equal to 7 (c) Greater than
7 (d) Equal to 14
28. In neutralisation reaction, H ions combine with OH ions to form: (a) Salt (b) Water (c) Acid
(d) Base
29. Which of the following is an alkali? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) NaOH (d) HNO
30. Bases which are soluble in water are called: (a) Alkalis (b) Acids (c) Salts (d) Oxides
31. pH of human blood is approximately: (a) 5.5 (b) 7.0 (c) 7.4 (d) 9.0
32. Which indicator turns pink/red in a basic solution? (a) Litmus (b) Methyl orange (c)
Phenolphthalein (d) Universal indicator
33. Phenolphthalein in acidic solution gives: (a) Pink colour (b) Red colour (c) Colourless (d)
Yellow colour
34. Which of the following is a weak acid? (a) HCl (b) HNO (c) H SO (d) CH COOH
35. Lime water turns milky when CO is passed through it. The product formed is: (a) CaO (b)
CaCl (c) CaCO (d) Ca(HCO )
36. Acids produce which ion in aqueous solution? (a) OH (b) H (c) Na (d) Cl
37. Bases produce which ion in aqueous solution? (a) H (b) Na (c) OH (d) Cl
38. Which of the following is a salt? (a) NaOH (b) HCl (c) NaCl (d) H O
39. Formic acid is found in: (a) Tamarind (b) Ant sting (c) Curd (d) Lemon
40. Lactic acid is found in: (a) Vinegar (b) Tomato (c) Curd (d) Apple
41. Tartaric acid is found in: (a) Tomato (b) Tamarind (c) Ant sting (d) Curd
42. Oxalic acid is found in: (a) Lemon (b) Tomato (c) Vinegar (d) Milk
43. Quicklime is: (a) Ca(OH) (b) CaCO (c) CaO (d) CaCl
44. Slaked lime is: (a) CaO (b) Ca(OH) (c) CaCO (d) CaSO
45. Baking soda is used in: (a) Making glass (b) Baking cakes and bread (c) Whitewashing (d)
Water treatment
46. The formula of sulphuric acid is: (a) HCl (b) HNO (c) H SO (d) H PO
47. Gastric juice in the human stomach contains: (a) H SO (b) HNO (c) HCl (d) CH COOH
48. Indigestion is treated by taking an antacid. The antacid contains: (a) Acid (b) Neutral salt (c)
Base (d) Indicator
49. Sodium hydroxide is commonly called: (a) Baking soda (b) Caustic soda (c) Washing soda (d)
Common salt
50. Which among the following is used in fire extinguishers? (a) NaOH (b) NaHCO (c) Na CO
(d) NaCl
51. The chemical used for removing permanent hardness of water is: (a) Baking soda (b)
Washing soda (c) Bleaching powder (d) Common salt
52. Plaster of Paris is obtained by heating: (a) Limestone (b) Gypsum (c) Quicklime (d) Slaked
lime
53. When Plaster of Paris sets, it: (a) Loses water (b) Gains water (c) Releases CO (d)
Decomposes
54. Gypsum has the formula: (a) CaSO ·½H O
(b) CaSO ·2H O
(c) CaO (d) Ca(OH)
55. Olfactory indicators change their: (a) Colour (b) Smell (c) Shape (d) Taste
56. A salt formed by strong acid and strong base is: (a) Acidic (b) Basic (c) Neutral (d)
Amphoteric
57. pH of pure water is: (a) 0 (b) 7 (c) 14 (d) 6
58. The colour of universal indicator in a neutral solution is: (a) Red (b) Blue (c) Green (d) Yellow
59. Which of the following is used in the manufacture of soap? (a) HCl (b) NaOH (c) H SO (d)
HNO
60. Which of the following is used as a disinfectant? (a) Baking soda (b) Washing soda (c)
Bleaching powder (d) Plaster of Paris
61. H SO is called: (a) King of acids (b) Weak acid (c) Organic acid (d) Mineral base
62. Sodium carbonate is commonly called: (a) Baking soda (b) Washing soda (c) Common salt
(d) Plaster of Paris
63. The water of crystallisation in washing soda (Na CO ·10H is:
O) (a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 10 (d) 12
64. Anhydrous CuSO is: (a) Blue coloured (b) White coloured (c) Green coloured (d) Yellow
coloured
65. CuSO ·5H O
is: (a) White (b) Blue (c) Green (d) Yellow
66. Which gas turns lime water milky? (a) H (b) O (c) CO (d) SO
67. When excess CO is passed through lime water, the milkiness: (a) Increases (b) Disappears
(c) Stays the same (d) Turns blue
68. Bleaching powder is prepared by passing _____ over slaked lime: (a) CO (b) HCl (c) Cl (d)
SO
69. pH of gastric juice is approximately: (a) 1–2 (b) 5–6 (c) 7–8 (d) 9–10
70. What is the colour of phenolphthalein in base? (a) Colourless (b) Yellow (c) Pink/Red (d) Blue
71. Which of the following is used to neutralise ant bite? (a) Vinegar (b) Lemon juice (c) Baking
soda (d) Salt water
72. Ant bite injects which acid? (a) Citric acid (b) Formic acid (c) Lactic acid (d) Acetic acid
73. Wasp sting is: (a) Acidic (b) Basic (c) Neutral (d) Saline
74. Bee sting is: (a) Acidic (b) Basic (c) Neutral (d) Saline
75. To neutralise bee sting (acidic), one should apply: (a) Vinegar (b) Lemon juice (c) Baking soda
(d) More acid
76. pH of lemon juice is approximately: (a) 2.2 (b) 5.5 (c) 7.0 (d) 8.0
77. When metal reacts with acid, which gas is produced? (a) O (b) CO (c) H (d) N
78. Acids taste: (a) Sweet (b) Sour (c) Bitter (d) Salty
79. Bases taste: (a) Sour (b) Sweet (c) Bitter and soapy (d) Salty
80. pH of milk is approximately: (a) 3.5 (b) 6.8 (c) 7.4 (d) 10
81. The process of electrolysis of brine produces: (a) NaCl and water (b) NaOH, Cl H
, (c) HCl
and Na (d) NaOH and HCl
82. Aqua regia is a mixture of: (a) HCl and H SO (b) HNO and H SO (c) HCl and HNO (d) HCl
and H PO
83. In aqua regia, HCl and HNO are in the ratio: (a) 1:3 (b) 3:1 (c) 1:1 (d) 2:1
84. Which of the following turns red in acid? (a) Blue litmus (b) Red litmus (c) Phenolphthalein (d)
Methyl orange
85. The reaction between an acid and a base is called: (a) Displacement reaction (b)
Neutralisation (c) Decomposition (d) Combination
86. What happens when an acid reacts with a metal oxide? (a) Salt + H (b) Salt + H O(c) Salt +
CO (d) Salt + O
87. Zinc reacts with HCl to produce: (a) ZnCl + H O(b) ZnO + H (c) ZnCl + H (d) ZnSO + H
88. Sodium carbonate has the formula: (a) NaCl (b) NaHCO (c) Na CO (d) NaOH
89. On heating, NaHCO decomposes to give: (a) Na O+ H O+ CO (b) Na CO + H O+ CO (c)
NaOH + CO (d) NaCl + CO
90. All alkalis are bases, but: (a) All bases are alkalis (b) Not all bases are alkalis (c) No base is
an alkali (d) Only strong bases are alkalis
91. When an acid dissolves in water, the process is: (a) Exothermic (b) Endothermic (c) Neither
(d) Explosive
92. An indicator is a substance that: (a) Produces salt on reaction (b) Changes colour with pH (c)
Neutralises acids (d) Neutralises bases
93. Which of the following is a mineral acid? (a) Acetic acid (b) Citric acid (c) Lactic acid (d)
Hydrochloric acid
94. Which of the following is an organic acid? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) CH COOH(d) HNO
95. When CO is passed through lime water for a longer time, the solution: (a) Remains milky (b)
Becomes clear again (c) Turns blue (d) Turns red
96. Which type of salts are formed from strong acid + weak base? (a) Acidic salts (b) Basic salts
(c) Neutral salts (d) Double salts
97. Which of the following has the lowest pH? (a) Blood (b) Lemon juice (c) Pure water (d) Milk
98. Acid rain damages: (a) Only buildings (b) Only plants (c) Buildings, plants and aquatic life (d)
Only aquatic life
99. What does an olfactory indicator do in acid/base? (a) Changes colour (b) Changes smell (c)
Changes taste (d) Produces gas
100. Which indicator turns red/orange in acid? (a) Litmus (b) Phenolphthalein (c) Methyl orange
(d) Turmeric
101. pH of baking soda solution is approximately: (a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 8.4 (d) 12
102. The formula for potassium hydroxide is: (a) NaOH (b) KOH (c) Ca(OH) (d) Mg(OH)
103. The formula for calcium hydroxide is: (a) CaO (b) CaCO (c) Ca(OH) (d) CaCl
104. When HCl reacts with NaOH, which salt is formed? (a) NaCl (b) Na SO (c) NaNO (d)
NaHCO
105. Onion is an example of: (a) Acid-base indicator (b) Olfactory indicator (c) Universal indicator
(d) Natural dye
106. pH paper is an example of: (a) Acid (b) Base (c) Indicator (d) Salt
107. Tooth enamel starts dissolving when oral pH falls below: (a) 7.0 (b) 5.5 (c) 4.0 (d) 3.0
108. Which acid is produced by bacteria in the mouth causing tooth decay? (a) Sulphuric acid (b)
Lactic acid (c) Hydrochloric acid (d) Acetic acid
109. Plants grow best at a pH range of: (a) 0–3 (b) 10–14 (c) 6–7 (d) 3–5
110. Vanilla essence is an olfactory indicator. Its smell: (a) Disappears in base (b) Disappears in
acid (c) Intensifies in acid (d) Intensifies in base
111. The colour of methyl orange in acid is: (a) Blue (b) Red/Orange (c) Yellow (d) Green
112. The colour of methyl orange in base is: (a) Red (b) Blue (c) Yellow (d) Pink
113. What is produced when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide? (a) ZnCl + H (b) Na ZnO + H
(c) ZnO + NaH (d) ZnOH + NaCl
114. Baking soda + acid produces: (a) O gas (b) H gas (c) CO gas (d) N gas
115. The pH of sodium hydroxide solution is: (a) Less than 7 (b) Equal to 7 (c) Greater than 7 (d)
Zero
116. Potassium hydroxide is commonly called: (a) Caustic potash (b) Potassium soda (c) Baking
soda (d) Slaked lime
117. A base that is soluble in water is called: (a) Acid (b) Alkali (c) Salt (d) Indicator
118. The chemical name of lime water is: (a) Calcium oxide (b) Calcium hydroxide (c) Calcium
carbonate (d) Calcium chloride
119. What is the pH of a solution with more H concentration? (a) More than 7 (b) Less than 7 (c)
Equal to 7 (d) Equal to 14
120. The process of adding water to quicklime is called: (a) Slaking (b) Calcination (c) Smelting
(d) Reduction
121. A salt with water of crystallisation is called: (a) Hydrated salt (b) Anhydrous salt (c) Neutral
salt (d) Acid salt
122. When a hydrated salt is heated, what is lost? (a) Salt (b) Water of crystallisation (c)
Hydrogen (d) Carbon dioxide
123. The number of water molecules in blue vitriol (CuSO ·5H O)
is: (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
124. Which gas is produced when dilute HCl reacts with Na CO (a)
? H (b) O (c) CO (d) SO
125. Which of the following is NOT an acid? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) NaOH (d) CH COOH
126. Which of the following is NOT a base? (a) NaOH (b) Ca(OH) (c) KOH (d) HNO
127. The active ingredient of bleaching powder is: (a) CaCl (b) Ca(OCl)Cl (c) CaCO (d) Ca(OH)
128. Bleaching powder reacts with CO to release: (a) H (b) SO (c) Cl (d) CO
129. pH of household ammonia solution is approximately: (a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 11–12 (d) 14
130. The Solvay process is used to manufacture: (a) HCl (b) Na CO (c) H SO (d) NaOH
131. Soda water is acidic because it contains: (a) NaOH dissolved (b) CO dissolved forming
H CO (c) HCl dissolved (d) H SO dissolved
132. Which of the following is used to preserve food (pickling)? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) CH COOH
(Acetic acid) (d) HNO
133. Formic acid (HCOOH) is also known as: (a) Methanoic acid (b) Ethanoic acid (c) Propanoic
acid (d) Butanoic acid
134. Acetic acid (CH COOH)is also known as: (a) Methanoic acid (b) Ethanoic acid (c)
Propanoic acid (d) Formic acid
135. Concentrated H SO is a: (a) Weak acid (b) Strong oxidising agent (c) Neutral substance (d)
Reducing agent
136. The formula for Epsom salt is: (a) CuSO ·5H O
(b) MgSO ·7H O
(c) FeSO ·7H O
(d)
Na SO ·10H O
137. Glauber's salt is: (a) Na SO ·10H (b)
O Na CO ·10H (c)
O MgSO ·7H O
(d) CaSO ·2H O
138. Which of the following is a neutral salt? (a) NH Cl(b) Na CO (c) NaCl (d) CH COONH
139. When CaCO is strongly heated, the products are: (a) Ca + C + O (b) CaO + CO (c) Ca(OH)
+ CO (d) CaCl + CO
140. The reaction CaO + H O Ca(OH) is: (a) Endothermic (b) Exothermic (c) Neutral (d)
Photochemical
141. Which of the following is used as a fertiliser? (a) NH NO (b) NaHCO (c) CaOCl (d)
Na CO
142. Green vitriol is: (a) CuSO ·5H O
(b) FeSO ·7H O
(c) ZnSO ·7H O
(d) MgSO ·7H O
143. White vitriol is: (a) CuSO ·5H O
(b) FeSO ·7H O
(c) ZnSO ·7H O
(d) NiSO ·7H O
144. When dilute H SO is added to Na CO solution, the products are: (a) NaCl + H O(b)
Na SO + CO + H O(c) NaOH + CO (d) NaHSO + H
145. Which of the following is used to detect the presence of hydrogen gas? (a) Lime water (b) A
burning splint — produces a squeaky pop (c) Litmus (d) Phenolphthalein
146. The process of electrolysis of NaCl solution is called: (a) Solvay process (b) Chlor-alkali
process (c) Contact process (d) Haber process
147. Brine is a concentrated solution of: (a) NaOH (b) NaCl (c) Na CO (d) HCl
148. Acid rain is primarily caused by: (a) CO (b) SO and NO (c) H (d) NH
149. Washing soda is obtained from baking soda by: (a) Adding water (b) Heating and
recrystallisation (c) Reacting with HCl (d) Electrolysis
150. The decomposition of NaHCO on heating gives: (a) Na O+ H O+ CO (b) Na CO + H O+
CO (c) NaOH + CO (d) NaCl + CO
SECTION B: DIFFICULT QUESTIONS (Q151–Q300)
151. HCl in gaseous form does NOT show acidic properties because: (a) It has no hydrogen (b) It
does not ionise without water (c) It is a gas (d) It is too concentrated
152. According to Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a: (a) Proton acceptor (b) Proton donor (c)
Electron donor (d) Electron pair acceptor
153. According to Lewis theory, a base is a: (a) Proton acceptor (b) Proton donor (c) Electron pair
donor (d) Electron pair acceptor
154. Ionic product of water (Kw) at 25°C is: (a) 10 (b) 10 ¹⁴(c) 10 (d) 10¹⁴
155. At 25°C, [H ]and [OH ]in pure water are each: (a) 10 mol/L (b) 10 ¹⁴mol/L (c) 1 mol/L (d)
10 ⁴mol/L
156. If [H ]= 10 ³mol/L, the pH is: (a) 3 (b) 11 (c) 7 (d) –3
157. If pH = 11, then [OH ]is: (a) 10 ³mol/L (b) 10 ¹¹mol/L (c) 10 mol/L (d) 10³ mol/L
158. If the pH of a solution changes from 7 to 1, the concentration of H ions: (a) Increases 10
times (b) Increases 1,000,000 times (c) Decreases 7 times (d) Stays the same
159. Which of the following will make the most acidic solution? (a) pH = 1 (b) pH = 3 (c) pH = 6
(d) pH = 7
160. A buffer solution: (a) Resists change in pH (b) Neutralises all acids (c) Changes colour (d) Is
always neutral
161. Amphoteric oxides react with both: (a) Acids and bases (b) Only acids (c) Only bases (d)
Salt solutions
162. Which of the following is an amphoteric oxide? (a) Na O(b) Al O (c) CaO (d) FeO
163. ZnO reacts with NaOH to form: (a) ZnCl + H (b) Na ZnO + H O(c) Zn(OH) + Na (d)
ZnNaO + H
164. Al O reacts with HCl to give: (a) AlOH + Cl (b) AlCl + H O(c) Al (OH) + HCl (d) Al + Cl +
H O
165. Concentration of H at pH = 0 is: (a) 10 mol/L (b) 1 mol/L (c) 10 ¹⁴mol/L (d) 10 mol/L
166. Which of the following is true about strong acids? (a) They partially ionise in water (b) They
completely ionise in water (c) They never ionise (d) They are always concentrated
167. Which salt is formed when H SO reacts with NaOH in 1:2 mole ratio? (a) NaCl (b) Na SO
(c) NaHSO (d) NaHSO
168. An acid salt NaHSO is formed when: (a) Excess NaOH reacts with H SO (b) H SO reacts
with equimolar NaOH (c) Only concentrated H SO is used (d) H SO reacts with Na CO
169. In which of the following reactions is CO NOT produced? (a) NaHCO + HCl (b) Na CO +
HCl (c) NaOH + HCl (d) CaCO + HCl
170. Which property of water makes it amphoteric? (a) It is colourless (b) It can donate and
accept protons (c) It is a good solvent (d) It has high boiling point
171. pOH + pH = ? (a) 7 (b) 1 (c) 14 (d) 0
172. If pH = 4, then pOH = ? (a) 4 (b) 10 (c) 7 (d) 14
173. A solution with pH = 2 is _____ times more acidic than a solution with pH = 4: (a) 2 (b) 10 (c)
100 (d) 1000
174. When pH changes by 1 unit, [H ]changes by a factor of: (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 10
175. Which of the following solutions will have the highest pH? (a) 0.1M HCl (b) 0.1M NaOH (c)
0.1M NaCl (d) 0.1M CH COOH
176. Why should acid always be added to water, not water to acid? (a) Acid dissolves faster (b)
Adding water to concentrated acid causes violent exothermic splashing (c) The mixture
becomes stable (d) Increases ionisation
177. Which of the following correctly defines pH? (a) pH = log[H ](b) pH = –log[H ](c) pH = 1/
[H ](d) pH = [H ]
178. "pH" stands for: (a) Potential of Hydrogen (b) Power of Hydrogen (c) Percentage of
Hydrogen (d) Proton of Hydrogen
179. pH was introduced by: (a) Arrhenius (b) Brønsted (c) S.P.L. Sørensen (d) Lavoisier
180. What is the pH of a 0.001M HCl solution? (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
181. If [H ]= 10 mol/L, the pH is: (a) 9 (b) 5 (c) –9 (d) 7
182. If [H ]= 10 the
, solution is: (a) Acidic (b) Neutral (c) Basic (d) Amphoteric
183. A 0.1M NaOH solution has [OH ]of: (a) 0.1 mol/L (b) 10 ¹³mol/L (c) 10 mol/L (d) 1 mol/L
184. Which of the following has the highest OH concentration? (a) pH = 8 (b) pH = 10 (c) pH =
12 (d) pH = 6
185. Heating CuSO ·5H O
gives: (a) CuO + SO + H O(b) Anhydrous CuSO (white) + water (c)
Cu + SO + H O(d) CuSO remains same
186. Which of the following is a double salt? (a) NaCl (b) Na SO (c) Potash alum
KAl(SO ) ·12H (d) O NaOH
187. SO reacts with water to form: (a) Sulphuric acid (b) Sulphurous acid (c) Sulphur trioxide (d)
Sulphur
188. NO reacts with water to form: (a) Nitrous acid (b) Nitric acid and nitrous acid (c) Nitrogen
(d) Ammonia
189. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? (a) All acids contain hydrogen (b) All
hydrogen-containing compounds are acids (c) Acids produce H in water (d) Acids can corrode
metals
190. What happens to the pH of an acidic solution on dilution? (a) Decreases (b) Increases
towards 7 (c) Remains the same (d) Becomes 14
191. What happens to the pH of a basic solution on dilution? (a) Increases (b) Remains the same
(c) Decreases towards 7 (d) Becomes 0
192. Which of the following shows the correct order of decreasing acidity? (a) HCl > CH COOH>
H CO (b) CH COOH> HCl > H CO (c) H CO > HCl > CH COOH(d) HCl > H CO > CH COOH
193. Sodium acetate (CH COONa)solution is: (a) Neutral (b) Acidic (c) Basic (d) Amphoteric
194. Ammonium chloride (NH Cl)solution is: (a) Neutral (b) Acidic (c) Basic (d) Amphoteric
195. Which salt, when dissolved in water, gives an alkaline solution due to hydrolysis? (a) NH Cl
(b) FeCl (c) Na CO (d) AlCl
196. Which of the following salts turns blue litmus red? (a) Na CO (b) NH Cl(c) NaCl (d) K SO
197. Which of the following salts turns red litmus blue? (a) Na CO (b) NH Cl(c) NaCl (d) AlCl
198. What causes efflorescence? (a) Gain of water from atmosphere (b) Loss of water of
crystallisation to atmosphere (c) Heating (d) Dissolving in water
199. What causes deliquescence? (a) Loss of water of crystallisation (b) Absorbing water from
atmosphere and dissolving in it (c) Heating (d) Reacting with acid
200. CaCl is an example of: (a) Efflorescent salt (b) Deliquescent salt (c) Neutral salt (d) Acidic
salt
201. Na CO ·10H isOan example of: (a) Anhydrous salt (b) Deliquescent salt (c) Efflorescent
salt (d) Acidic salt
202. When concentrated H SO is added to sugar, it turns black because: (a) Salt is formed (b)
Carbon is released due to dehydration (c) Sugar oxidises to CO (d) H SO neutralises sugar
203. The concept of hydrolysis explains why: (a) Strong acids ionise (b) Salts of weak acid/base
don't have pH = 7 (c) Neutral salts dissolve (d) pH scale exists
204. P O is the anhydride of: (a) H PO (b) H SO (c) HNO (d) HCl
205. N O is the anhydride of: (a) HNO (b) HNO (c) H NO (d) NH
206. SO dissolved in water gives: (a) H SO (b) H SO (c) SO (d) H S
207. When bleaching powder is treated with dilute acid, which gas is released? (a) CO (b) SO
(c) Cl (d) H
208. HF (hydrofluoric acid) is: (a) A strong acid that fully ionises (b) A weak acid despite being a
halogen acid (c) A neutral compound (d) A base
209. The reaction: CO + H O H CO shows that CO is: (a) A basic oxide (b) An acidic
anhydride (c) Neutral (d) Amphoteric
210. Acid anhydride + Water gives: (a) Base (b) Acid (c) Salt (d) Neutral solution
211. Basic anhydride + Water gives: (a) Acid (b) Salt (c) Base (d) Neutral solution
212. On adding excess NaOH to a solution of AlCl the
, precipitate formed: (a) Remains as
Al(OH) (b) Dissolves to form NaAlO (aluminate) (c) Turns blue (d) Produces H gas
213. The reaction Al(OH) + NaOH NaAlO + 2H Oshows that Al(OH) is: (a) A strong base (b)
A strong acid (c) Amphoteric (d) Neutral
214. Aqua regia can dissolve: (a) Copper (b) Iron (c) Gold and Platinum (d) Silver only
215. Which of the following does NOT conduct electricity in aqueous solution? (a) HCl (b) NaOH
(c) NaCl (d) Sugar
216. The formula of Mohr's salt is: (a) FeSO ·7H O
(b) (NH ) Fe(SO ) ·6H(c) O
CuSO ·5H O
(d)
ZnSO ·7H O
217. The industrial process for manufacturing H SO is: (a) Haber process (b) Contact process
(c) Solvay process (d) Chlor-alkali process
218. In the Solvay process, which gases are passed into brine? (a) HCl and SO (b) NH and CO
(c) Cl and H (d) CO and O
219. The neutralisation equivalent of H SO (MW = 98) is: (a) 98 (b) 49 (c) 196 (d) 24.5
220. The neutralisation equivalent of NaOH (MW = 40) is: (a) 20 (b) 40 (c) 80 (d) 10
221. "Basicity" of an acid means: (a) Number of OH it produces (b) Number of H ions it can
donate per molecule (c) pH of the acid (d) Strength of the acid
222. Basicity of H PO is: (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
223. Acidity of Ca(OH) is: (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
224. Which of the following is a tribasic acid? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) H PO (d) CH COOH
225. Which of the following is a diprotic acid? (a) HCl (b) H SO (c) H PO (d) CH COOH
226. H SO reacts with NaOH in 1:1 mole ratio to give: (a) Na SO (b) NaHSO (c) Na SO (d)
NaOH excess
227. Which of the following has the highest degree of ionisation? (a) Acetic acid (0.1M) (b) HCl
(0.1M) (c) Carbonic acid (0.1M) (d) Formic acid (0.1M)
228. Which of the following differentiates a strong acid from a concentrated acid? (a) Strong =
high solute; Concentrated = completely ionised (b) Strong = completely ionised; Concentrated =
high solute amount (c) Strong = dilute; Concentrated = weak (d) No difference
229. Which of the following is a concentrated but weak acid? (a) 1M HCl (b) 10M CH COOH(c)
0.1M H SO (d) 1M HNO
230. On reaction with HCl, which metal does NOT produce hydrogen? (a) Zn (b) Fe (c) Cu (d) Mg
231. Dilute HNO reacts with most metals to produce: (a) H gas (b) NO gas (not H )(c) N gas
(d) NH gas
232. The gas produced in the reaction between Na SO and HCl is: (a) H (b) CO (c) SO (d) Cl
233. When HCl reacts with Na S,which gas is released? (a) SO (b) SO (c) H S(d) Cl
234. In the reaction Zn + H SO ZnSO + H H
, SO acts as: (a) Oxidising agent (b) Reducing
agent (c) Catalyst (d) Neither
235. During electrolysis of brine, the anode reaction is: (a) 2H O O + 4H + 4e (b) 2Cl Cl +
2e (c) Na + e Na (d) 2H + 2e H
236. During electrolysis of brine, the cathode reaction is: (a) 2Cl Cl + 2e (b) 2H O O + 4H
+ 4e (c) 2H O+ 2e H + 2OH (d) Na Na
237. Chlorine produced in brine electrolysis reacts with NaOH to form: (a) NaCl only (b) Sodium
hypochlorite (NaOCl) and NaCl (c) Na CO (d) NaClO
238. Sodium hypochlorite is the active ingredient of: (a) Baking soda (b) Common bleach (c)
Washing soda (d) Plaster of Paris
239. The reaction between CaCO and 2HCl is: (a) CaCl + H O(b) CaCl + H O+ CO (c) CaO +
CO + HCl (d) Ca + CO + Cl
240. Which of the following correctly describes "acidity" of a base? (a) pH of the base (b)
Number of OH ions it can donate per molecule (c) Solubility of the base (d) Strength of the base
241. What is the product when Na Oreacts with water? (a) NaOH (b) Na O (c) No reaction (d)
NaH + O
242. On passing excess CO into Ca(HCO ) solution that was already milky: (a) More precipitate
forms (b) Precipitate dissolves (CaCO + CO + H O Ca(HCO ) (c) ) No change (d) Gas evolves
243. Na SO ·10H onO heating gives: (a) Na SO + 10H O(b) NaOH + SO + H O(c) Na O+ SO
+ H O(d) NaHSO + H O
244. Which of the following is used as a drying agent in labs? (a) NaOH pellets (b) Conc. H SO
(c) Dilute HCl (d) Both (a) and (b)
245. Conc. H SO acts as a drying agent because: (a) It is acidic (b) It is hygroscopic (absorbs
water) (c) It reacts with water to give H (d) It is colourless
246. Which of the following reactions produces salt + water + CO ?(a) HCl + NaOH (b) HCl +
NaHCO (c) HCl + NaCl (d) HCl + H O
247. A conjugate acid-base pair differs by: (a) A proton (H )(b) An electron (c) A water molecule
(d) An oxygen atom
248. Which of the following pairs form a conjugate acid-base pair? (a) HCl and NaOH (b) H O
and OH (c) NaCl and HCl (d) H SO and NaHSO
249. The pH of the equivalence point in strong acid–strong base titration is: (a) Less than 7 (b)
Greater than 7 (c) Equal to 7 (d) Depends on temperature only
250. The pH at the equivalence point of a weak acid–strong base titration is: (a) 7 (b) Less than 7
(c) Greater than 7 (d) 0
251. Which of the following turns red cabbage juice green? (a) HCl (b) Lemon juice (c) NaOH (d)
Vinegar
252. Red cabbage juice turns red/pink in: (a) Base (b) Acid (c) Neutral solution (d) Salt solution
253. Which of the following does NOT show acidic properties in anhydrous conditions? (a) HCl
dissolved in water (b) Dry HCl gas (c) H SO in water (d) HNO in water
254. Which property of an acid depends on water being present? (a) Having hydrogen in its
formula (b) Ionising to produce H (c) Having covalent bonds (d) Having low boiling point
255. When excess NaHCO reacts with dilute HCl, the final product is: (a) Na CO + H O(b) NaCl
+ H O+ CO (c) NaOH + CO (d) NaHCO remains unchanged
256. Which of the following is used in the manufacture of glass? (a) NaHCO (b) Na CO (as
flux) (c) NaCl (d) NaOH
257. Which of the following is used to detect H Sgas? (a) Lime water (b) Lead acetate paper
(turns black) (c) Litmus (d) Phenolphthalein
258. Which of the following is the Arrhenius definition of an acid? (a) Proton donor (b) Electron
pair acceptor (c) Produces H in water (d) Reacts with base
259. Hydrolysis of NH Clin water produces a/an _____ solution: (a) Alkaline (b) Acidic (c) Neutral
(d) Amphoteric
260. The reaction: NH + H O NH + H O shows: (a) NH is a base (b) NH acts as an acid
(c) H Ois neutral (d) NH is acidic
261. Why does the colour of anhydrous CuSO change from white to blue on adding water? (a) A
chemical reaction occurs forming a new compound (b) Water of crystallisation is incorporated
into the crystal lattice (c) CuSO dissolves (d) CuSO reacts with O
262. What is the test for the presence of water using anhydrous CuSO ?(a) It turns blue (b) It
turns green (c) It turns red (d) It turns yellow
263. Tooth enamel is chemically hydroxyapatite. When fluoride replaces OH it , forms: (a)
Fluorapatite — harder, more acid-resistant (b) Calcium fluoride — dissolves easily (c) CaF —
unstable (d) No change occurs
264. Which gas, when breathed, produces carbonic acid in blood? (a) O (b) N (c) CO (d) CO
265. In the human body, carbonic acid helps regulate: (a) Blood temperature (b) Blood pH (acid-
base balance) (c) Blood pressure (d) Blood sugar
266. Antacids work by: (a) Destroying bacteria (b) Neutralising excess HCl in the stomach (c)
Increasing HCl production (d) Diluting stomach acid only
267. Which of the following is an example of a basic buffer? (a) CH COOH+ CH COONa(b)
NH OH+ NH Cl(c) HCl + NaCl (d) H CO + NaHCO
268. The reaction: 2NaHCO Na CO + H O+ CO is: (a) Neutralisation (b) Thermal
decomposition (c) Double displacement (d) Combination
269. When washing soda solution (Na CO is) added to hard water, it removes hardness by: (a)
Neutralising acid (b) Precipitating Ca² and Mg² as carbonates (c) Adding Na ions (d)
Dissolving CaCO
270. Which of the following is NOT a use of washing soda (Na CO )?
(a) Softening water (b)
Glass manufacturing (c) Bleaching agent (d) Cleaning agent
271. Which of the following is NOT a use of baking soda (NaHCO )?(a) Antacid (b) Baking (c)
Fire extinguisher (d) Softening water
272. Concentrated sulphuric acid when spilled on skin causes: (a) No harm (b) Severe burns due
to its dehydrating and oxidising nature (c) Only mild irritation (d) Temporary numbness
273. The pH of a 0.1M HCl solution is: (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 7
274. The pH of a 0.01M NaOH solution is: (a) 2 (b) 7 (c) 12 (d) 14
275. Which of the following acid has the formula HCOOH? (a) Acetic acid (b) Formic acid (c)
Propionic acid (d) Butyric acid
276. Which of the following correctly represents the ionisation of H SO (first step)? (a) H SO
H + HSO (partial) (b) H SO H + HSO (complete) (c) H SO 2H + SO ² (one step) (d)
H SO H + SO
277. What is formed when CaO reacts with CO ?(a) Ca(OH) (b) CaCO (c) CaCl (d) CaSO
278. When CO is passed into NaOH solution in excess, the product is: (a) Na CO (b) NaHCO
(c) Na O(d) NaOH remains unchanged
279. When CO is passed into excess NaOH, the product is: (a) NaHCO (b) Na CO (c) Na O+
H O(d) NaOH remains
280. What is the effect of increasing temperature on Kw (ionic product of water)? (a) Kw
decreases (b) Kw increases (c) Kw remains constant (d) Kw becomes zero
281. If Kw increases with temperature, what happens to the pH of neutral water? (a) Stays at 7
(b) Increases above 7 (c) Decreases below 7 (d) Becomes 0
282. Which of the following is a basic salt? (a) NaCl (b) Na CO (c) NH Cl(d) NaHSO
283. Which of the following correctly shows that HCl is stronger than CH COOH?(a) HCl is a gas;
CH COOHis liquid (b) HCl ionises completely; CH COOHpartially (c) HCl has higher boiling point
(d) HCl is colourless
284. Universal indicator is a mixture of: (a) Litmus and phenolphthalein (b) Several indicators
showing different colours at different pH (c) Only methyl orange and litmus (d) Acid-base
neutralising agents
285. Which of the following can act both as an acid and a base (amphoteric)? (a) HCl (b) NaOH
(c) NaHCO (d) NaCl
286. NaHCO acts as an acid when it reacts with: (a) HCl (b) NaOH (c) H O(d) CO
287. NaHCO acts as a base when it reacts with: (a) NaOH (b) HCl (c) Na CO (d) H SO
288. The reaction: NaHCO + HCl NaCl + H O+ CO shows NaHCO acting as a: (a) Acid (b)
Base (c) Salt (d) Neutral substance
289. The reaction: NaHCO + NaOH Na CO + H Oshows NaHCO acting as a: (a) Base (b)
Acid (c) Neutral salt (d) Catalyst
290. Which of the following is true about the chlor-alkali process? (a) Only NaCl is produced (b)
NaOH, H and
, Cl are simultaneously produced (c) Only HCl is produced (d) Cl alone is
produced
291. In which industry is Cl (from brine electrolysis) NOT used? (a) Water purification (b) PVC
manufacturing (c) Bleaching (d) Making fertilisers with N
292. The salt formed between weak acid CH COOHand weak base NH OHis: (a) Acidic (b)
Basic (c) Neutral (d) Depends on Ka and Kb values
293. Which of the following is the strongest acid? (a) HF (b) HCl (c) HBr (d) HI
294. The acid HI is stronger than HCl because: (a) I is more electronegative than Cl (b) H–I bond
is weaker and breaks more easily (c) HI has higher molar mass (d) HI is a gas
295. When excess CO is passed into lime water, the clear solution is due to: (a) CaCO
dissolving in water (b) Formation of soluble Ca(HCO ) (c) CaO forming (d) CO neutralising the
Ca(OH) completely
296. What happens when the solution containing Ca(HCO ) is heated? (a) It remains clear (b)
CaCO precipitates again and CO is released (c) Ca(OH) reforms (d) No change
297. Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring acid-base indicator? (a) Methyl
orange (b) Phenolphthalein (c) Red cabbage juice (d) Universal indicator
298. Which of the following best explains why a solution of Na CO is alkaline? (a) It contains
Na ions (b) CO ² hydrolyses in water to give OH ions (c) Na CO is a salt (d) It does not ionise
299. Which of the following represents the correct ionic equation for neutralisation? (a) Na + Cl
NaCl (b) H + OH H O(c) Na + OH NaOH (d) H + Cl HCl
300. Which of the following correctly explains why HCl does NOT show acidic properties in the
absence of water? (a) HCl does not contain hydrogen (b) HCl cannot ionise to produce H
without water as a medium (c) HCl reacts with air (d) Gases cannot be acidic
That's all 300 MCQs covering every major concept in Chapter 2 — from basic definitions to pH
calculations, salt hydrolysis, industrial processes, and advanced theory. Once the system is
available again, I can also export this as a downloadable Word or PDF file for you!