Off-Campus Centre of Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Tutorial 4
1. A waveform is defined as
where
Find the instantaneous current at t=0, t=0.005sec
Solution:
i=10sinX2πX50X0= 0
i=10sinX2πX50X0.005= 0.2736A
i=10sin(2πX50X0-30)= 10A
i=10sin(2πX50X0.005-30)= 1.542A
2. An alternating voltage has an equation v =141.4 sin377t Volts, what are the values of
(a) r.m.s voltage (b) frequency (c) the instantaneous voltage when t=3ms.
Solution:
Given v =141.4 sin377t
Comparing this equation with v = Vmsinωt
ω= angular velocity =2πf radians / second
a) r.m.s voltage = Vrms = 0.707 Vm
Vm= 141.4V
Vrms= 0.707X141.4 = 99.96V.
Angular velocity = ω = 2πf , since ω= 377.
b) Frequency f=ω/2π=377/2π= 60Hz.
Given t=3ms.
c)Instantaneous voltage v= Vmsinωt
v=141.4 sin (377X3X10-3 X180/π) = 127.94 V
3. The maximum current in a sinusoidal a.c. circuit is 10A. what is the instantaneous
current at 45˚
Solution:
i = Imsinθ
Im=10A and θ=45˚
I =10x sin45˚
=7.07A
[Link] alternating current of sinusoidal waveform has an r.m.s. value of 10A. What are the
peak values of this current over one cycle?
Solution:
Im= I / 0.707 =10 / 0.707 = 14.14 A
The peak values therefore are 14.14 A and -14.14 A.
Off-Campus Centre of Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Tutorial 5
1. An AC circuit consists of a pure resistance of 50Ω is connected to an AC supply of
230V, 50Hz. Calculate
i)Current
ii) Power consumed
iii) Equation for voltage and current
Solution:
Current I= V/R =230/50=4.6A
Power consumed, P=VI=230x4.6=1058W
Equation for voltage and current
Im =√2I =6.5A
ω = 2πf=314Hz
v= V
i=Imsinωt=6.5sin314t A
2. An inductive circuit allows a current of 50 A to flow from 230V, 60Hz supply.
Calculate inductive reactance, inductance of the coil.
Solution:
XL=V/I=230/50= 4.6Ω
L=XL/2πf=4.6/2πx60=12.2mH
3. An AC circuit contains a pure capacitor, across which v=100sin1000t V is applied. If
the peak value of the current is 200mA, find the value of the capacitor.
Solution:
Xc=Vm/Im=100/200m= 500Ω
C=1/2πfXc=1/1000x500=2µF
Off-Campus Centre of Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Tutorial 6
1. In a series circuit containing pure resistance and a pure inductance, the current
and the voltage are expressed as :
i (t) = 5 sin (314 t + 2 /3) and v (t) = 15 sin (314 t + 5 /6).
Calculate (a) impedance (b) resistance (c) inductance (d) power factor
Solution:
Phase angle of current = 2 /3 = 2x180°/3 = 120°
phase angle of voltage = 5 /6 = 5 180°/6 = 150°
a)Z = Vm /Im = 3 Ω
b)Hence, current lags behind voltage by 30°. It means that it is an R-L circuit. Also
314 = 2 f or f = 50 Hz. Now, R/Z = cos 30° = 0.866; R = 2.598Ω
c) XL /Z = sin 30° = 0.5
XL = 1.5Ω
314L=1.5 Ω then L=4.78mH
d) p.f. = cos 30° = 0.866(lag)
2. A 60 Hz sinusoidal voltage v = 141 sin t is applied to a series R-L circuit. The
values of the resistance and the inductance are 3Ω and 0.0106 H respectively.
a) Compute the r.m.s. value of the current in the circuit and its phase angle with
respect to the voltage.
b) Write the expression for the instantaneous current in the circuit.
c) Compute the r.m.s. value and the phase of the voltages appearing across the
resistance and the inductance.
d) Find the average power dissipated by the circuit.
e) Calculate the p.f. of the circuit.
Solution:
Vm = 141 V; V = 141.4/√2=100V
XL = 2πx60x 0.0106 = 4Ω
Z == 5 53.1°
a) I = V/Z = 100/5 53.1°=20 − 53.1°
Since angle is minus, the current lags behind the voltage by 53.1
b) Im = √2x20 = 28.28; i = 28.28 sin (ωt - 53.1°)
c) VR = IR = 20 − 53.1°x 3= 60 − 53.1° volt.
VL = IXL = 1 90° x 20 − 53.1° x 4= 80 36.9°
d) P = VI cos = 100 x 20x cos 53.1=1200W
e) p.f. = cos = cos 53.1° =0.6
3. A 10Ω resistor and a 0.1H inductor are in series with a 100V 50Hz AC source.
Calculate, XL , Z, I and phase angle
Solution:
Ω=2πf=2πx50=314.16rad/sec
XL=ωL=314.16 x 0.1=31.416Ω
Z= √R2 +XL2=√100+986.96=32.97Ω
I=V/Z=100/32.97=3.03A
=cos-1(R/Z)= cos-1(10/32.97)=72.3˚
Off-Campus Centre of Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Tutorial 7
1. A series RLC circuit containing a resistance of 12Ω, an inductance of 0.15H and a
capacitor of 100uF are connected in series across a 100V, 50Hz supply. Calculate the
total circuit impedance, the circuits current, power factor .
Solution:
XL = 2π x 50 x 0.15=47.13Ω
Xc = 1/2π x 50 x 100 x 10-6= 31.83Ω
Z= √R2 +XL2 =√144+2220.66=48.62Ω
I=V/Z=100/48.62=2.05A
cos =R/Z=12/48.62=0.24
2. A 240 V, 50 Hz AC supply is applied a coil of 0.08 H inductance and 4 Ω resistance
connected in series with a capacitor of 8μF. Calculate the following .Impedance,
Circuit current, Phase angle between voltage and current, Power factor, Power
consumed.
Solution:
XL=ωL=2πfL=2π×50×0.08=25.12Ω
XC=1/ωC=1/2πfC=1/2π×50×8×10-6=398.09Ω
Z=√(R)2+(XL−XC)2
=√ (4)2+(25.12−398.09)2=372.99Ω
I=V/Z=240/372.99=0.643A
Φ=tan−1(XL−XC)/=tan−1(25.12−398.09)/4=−89.38°
cosϕ=R/Z=4/372.99=0.01072(leading)
P=VIcosΦ=240×0.643×0.01072=1.654W
3. A circuit having resistance of 10 Ω an inductance of 0.05 Henry and a capacitance
of 50µF in series is connected across a 100V, 50Hz supply. Calculate a) the impedance b) the current
c) the voltage across R,L and C
Data given: R=10 Ω ,L=0.05H, C=50µF, V=100V, f=50Hz
XL= 2 L = 15.7 Ω
XC = 1/2 fC = 63.66 Ω
Current I=V/Z= 100 / 48.99= 2.04 A
Voltage across resistance VR= IR= 2.04 X 10= 20.4 V
Voltage across inductance VL= IXL= 2.04X 15.7= 32.02 V
Voltage across capacitance VC = IXC = 2.04 X 63.66= 129.86 V