Frameworks for Modern History
Event Impact framework
It can be probably applied to specific laws/events
1. Context/background/objective/rationale of the event/law (O)
2. Features of event/law (eg Permanent Settlement Act) (F)
3. Impact on the people at that time (I)
a. Can be socio-economic impact on artisans, peasants, women, tribals etc
4. What did it lead to? What did it inspire? (N)
a. What system came next?
Uses of the Event Impact framework
1. GS1 - Permanent Settlement of Bengal 1790
2. GS1 - Subsidiary Alliance System 1798
Frameworks for Body
General
Individual 1. Health
a. Carcinogenic
2. Women
3. Children
4. Elders
5. Vulnerable sections
6. Mental health
Culture 1. Religion
Environment 1. Water
a. Rivers
b. Oceans
2. Ecosystem
a. Air
b. Land
c. Marine
3. Climate change
a. GHG
4. Biodiversity
Finance (Economy) 1. Import/Export
2. Tourism
Agriculture 1. Farmers
2. Soil (health)
Political Institutions
Use cases of General Framework
In Notes
Only brainstormed (this is more for mental notes)
1. GS3 - General impact of plastic pollution
Impact of something
- Economic
- Social
- Political
- Environmental
Society
Social impact
1. Women
2. Children
3. Elders
4. Family
5. Vulnerable sections
a. Poor
b. PwD
c. SC, ST, OBC
d. LGBT
6. Religion
7. Mental Health
Uses of Social Impact framework
1. Factors that influence the growth of population in the country (Society GS1)
Supply chain
Use: Scheme/services access for beneficiaries
‘provide’ a service/scheme, increase ‘access’ to a service/scheme → think of the entire
chain of providing that service or scheme
Chain & way forward points
Chain - {identify the beneficiaries (records) → tell them they can get this (awareness,
communication) → Get funds to implement it → Reach even the most remote areas →
Have data to do the implementation → Monitor the implementation}
1. Inconsistency in records, it can lead to ghost beneficiaries or double allotment
→ ensure high quality data collection
2. Lack of awareness amongst the beneficiaries → create awareness amongst
them, eg through camps like for Kisan Pehchaan Patra
3. Increase effective communication amongst the beneficiaries
4. Lack of funding for implementation
a. Could be due to limited budget
5. Barriers to access for marginalized communities due to geographical distance,
language barriers, and cultural sensitivities → work with NGOs, Pressure
Groups, take a piecemeal approach
6. Lack of data-led improvements → conduct periodic updates and collect data to
make data-led improvements
7. Lack of monitoring of scheme/service of benefits reaching the end person →
Periodic reporting through a specific body
Places used for supply chain scheme, services, etc
1. GS2 - Free Legal Aid → how to implement free legal aid to prison inmates
Stakeholders
Society: Widest to smallest
Biggest entity to smallest
Use: Widest to smallest
● Features of Indian society - Society biggest → family → elders approve/fix the →
marriage → of men (individual) and women → they have children
Frameworks for Challenges (associated)
Functional, Structural, Procedural
1. Challenges with implementation
2. Challenges with public organisations like NHRC, NCW, etc
Template for structural, functional, procedural
1. Structural
a. Problems related to organizational design, hierarchy, divisions of
responsibility, or lack of clarity in roles, and power distribution
2. Functional
a. organization's ability to perform its core functions effectively
b. problems that are not letting it perform its functions
3. Procedural
a. methods and processes through which tasks are executed
b. This can always be supply chain based
Use: Organisations in Polity
Learn them using Functional, Structural, Procedural. Sample points below:
Functional: (supply chain here: no budget → no hiring → even if hired gender ratio is
skewed → delays → creates backlog)
Sample points:
1. Structural
a. (Several times, govt amendments take away the power)
b. Non-binding nature of advice or enforcement
2. Functional
a. Low budget allocation (It can be substantiated by %age of GDP)
b. Budget utilisation
i. Eg, National Clean Air Programme has underutilised budget
c. Vacancies
i. Esp technical
d. Skewed gender composition of the staff
e. Inordinate delays
f. Backlogs
3. Procedural
a. Lack of awareness and education
b. Bureaucratic resistance
c. Lack of coordination amongst departments or ministries
d. Last mile accessibility/delivery
e. Strengthen grievance reporting & redressal
f. Lack of reliable data sources
Places used for Functional, Structural, Procedural Framework
1. GS2 (Governance → Transparency → RTI)
2. Prelims (All Subjects) (Limitations of Gram Nyayalayas)
3. Potentially in ECI
4. Challenges with Environmental Impact Assessment
5. Limitations of National Clean Air Programme 2019
Brainstorming the frameworks
Policies In general 1. Economic policies
2. Minorities
Economic policies 1. Trade
2. Railways
3. Agriculture
4. Industrialization
5. Finance in general
Stakeholders (in general)
Pae 5 of the notebook
(Frameworks below this line need classification)
Stakeholders approach
Individual → Society → Government, Activists, NGOs, Pressure Groups → Global
community → Environmentalist → Businesses & Corporate Sector
Social stakeholders approach
Women → Children → SC, ST, OBC → Farmers → Minorities → Religious Minorities →
Poor → Men → Health, Education → Society → State → Center, Constitution →
International (like relations)
Uses
● Polity (Comparison of Constitutions)
○ 18 Jul 2024
■ Compare secularism of India & France
Component based
This was taught in the orientation of Shivin’s course. The example they used was in
geography. Like components of Regional Climate (will add the screenshot later)
SDG Based
Through SDGs. Eg, used in significance of food processing industry
Supply Chain
Production → Post Harvest → Transportation → Storage → Processing → Marketing →
Distribution → Sales → Consumer → Feedback & Improvement
Uses
Polity
● 17 Jul 2024
○ I used it in Parliamentary committees & powers of Speaker. Example, for
powers of Speaker - from a bill to becoming an act, what all work does the
speaker do - decides a bill as money bill or not, maintains decorum & order
in the house for the discussion of the bill, accepts questions on that bill,
refers the bill to the committees…
○ Similarly for what happens when a bill comes to a committee. Points:
before even the bill reaches the committee -> only a few bill reach the
committee, there is a backlog -> MPs do not have the expertise -> technical
expertise is not full-time -> Parliament won't table all the reports -> there is
a Action taken report is empty
○ This also involved thinking about which parties are involved in the
scenario. For instance, who all are involved with Public Accounts
Committee → LS, RS, MPs, Parliament, CAG, Members of the committee
○ Even problems related to the office speaker or committees can be
generated based on the knowledge of their powers
PTDU
● Planning
● Targeting
○ Beneficiary awareness
○
● Delivery
● Usage
● Uses
○ Schemes
○ Policy
Sample answer stuff
1. definition
2. how is it conducted, under whom and why delay rn
3. diagram of need - hub spoke or something
4. concerns - 3 points
5. global examples
6. way forward