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Topic 2 Notes

The document outlines different types of forces, including contact and non-contact forces, and details Newton's three laws of motion, emphasizing the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. It also introduces the concept of inertia and explains Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes the attraction between masses. Key equations such as F=ma and the gravitational force formula are provided to illustrate these principles.

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6 views6 pages

Topic 2 Notes

The document outlines different types of forces, including contact and non-contact forces, and details Newton's three laws of motion, emphasizing the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. It also introduces the concept of inertia and explains Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes the attraction between masses. Key equations such as F=ma and the gravitational force formula are provided to illustrate these principles.

Uploaded by

christinehenna10
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topic 2 notes

Different kinds of forces

Contact = objects are physically touching an object

Non-contact force = Doesn’t acquire objects to touch to exert a force(magnetic force)

Normal force = reaction force(weight of an object)


Newtons Laws

Newtons first law

➢ Newtons first law states that a resultant force is required to change the motion of
an object. If there is no resultant force there wont be a change in motion.
- If the resultant force is 0 the object remains stationary
- If the resultant force of a moving object is 0 the object will move at the same
velocity/ constant velocity
- If the resultant force is 0 there is no change in motion

(An object continues in a state of rest or uniform motion (motion with a constant
velocity) unless it is acted on by an unbalanced (net or resultant) force.)

Newtons second law

➢ Newtons second law states that a non-zero resultant force acting on an object,
will cause the object to accelerate.

-
- The size of the resultant force is directly proportional to the acceleration it
causes
- Resultant force = Mass of object(kg) x Acceleration(m/s^2)
- F=ma
- A=F/m

(If a resultant force acts on a body, it will cause the body to accelerate in the
direction of the resultant force. The acceleration of the body will be directly
proportional to the resultant force and inversely proportional to the mass of the
body.)
- Acceleration is inversely proportional to mass
- Acceleration is directly proportional to force
- Vector quantity=force

Inertia

➢ The tendency for the motion of an object to change


- Inertial mass = Force/mass
- An object with a big mass will need a big mass to have a change in velocity

Newtons third law

➢ Newtons third law states that when two objects interact, the forces exerted on
each other and equal and opposites
➢ Equal refers to the magnitude. Opposite refers to the direction

100N → 100N

- F=m/a
- A= F/m
- In order for the object to move you either need a small mass or a big force

(If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts a force of equal magnitude
on body A, but in the opposite direction.0)

➢ An object in equilibrium has both the sum of the forces acting on it equal to
zero

If an object is stationary or moving at constant velocity then either,

- no forces are acting on the object, or


- the forces acting on that object are exactly balanced.

Put simply, for stationary objects or objects moving with constant velocity, the
resultant force acting on the object is zero.
Newtons law of universal gravitation

➢ Gravity is the force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth, or
towards any other physical body having mass.
- It is only dependent on the masses of the objects and the distance between
them.
➢ Force = G x (a, inversely proportional) m1 x m2/ d^2
- Fobject= G mEarth x mObject/r^2
- mObject x aObject = G mEarth x mObject/r^2 (mObject)
- aObject = GmEarth/r^2
➢ G= 6.673 x 10^-11Nn^2kg^-2

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