EXAMPLE 1:

PSEUDOCODE TO ADD 10 NUMBERS TOGETHER USING FOR LOOP or WHILE LOOP and
output the Sum and average.

COUNT-CONTROLLED LOOP

total  0
FOR count  1 to 10
OUTPUT “Enter a value”
INPUT value
total  total + value
NEXT count
OUTPUT total
Average  total/10
OUTPUT average

CONDITION-CONTROLLED LOOP (Ex. 1)

total  0
count  0
INPUT number

WHILE count <number DO

OUTPUT “Enter a value:”
INPUT value
total  total + value
count  count+1
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT total
Averagetotal/10
OUTPUT average
CONDITION-CONTROLLED LOOP (Ex. 2)

total  0
count  0
INPUT number

REPEAT
OUTPUT “Enter a value:”
INPUT value
total  total + value
count  count+1
UNTIL count = number
OUTPUT total
Average  total/10
OUTPUT average

CONDITION-CONTROLLED LOOP (Ex. 3)

INPUT password
WHILE password <> ”myschool123” DO
OUTPUT “Enter your password”
INPUT password
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT “Bravo! Correct password.”

Example 2:

PRINT (“Enter number 1”)

INPUT number1
PRINT (“Enter number 2”)
INPUT number2
Sum  number1 + number2
product  number1 * number2
PRINT (“the sum is” + sum)
PRINT (“the product is”+ product)
Example 3:

ACTIVITY 4a (Hodder Textbook)

Number 1:
OUTPUT “Enter a number”
INPUT number
IF number < 3
THEN
Result  number * 8
ELSE
IF number > 5
THEN
Result  number * 2
ELSE
Result <- number * 4
ENDIF
END IF
OUTPUT “The result is “, Result
Number 2:

OUTPUT “Enter a number”

INPUT number
CASE OF number
< 6: Result  number/2
> 10: Result  number/10
OTHERWISE: Result  number/5
ENDCASE
OUTPUT “The result is “, Result

OR

OUTPUT “Enter a number”

INPUT number
CASE OF number
< 6: Result  number/2
>=6 AND <=10: Result  5
>10: Result  number/10
ENDCASE
OUTPUT “The result is “, Result

MULTIPLICATION TABLE USING LOOPS

Method 1:
Count  1
INPUT number
REPEAT
PRINT “5 x “, Count, “ = “, Count * 5
Count  Count + 1
UNTIL Count > number

Method 2:
FOR Count  1 TO 12
PRINT “5 x “, Count, “ = “, Count * 5
NEXT Count
EXAMPLE 4:

START

OUTPUT “Enter a
number”

INPUT number

Is number
<100? Yes

No

Is number
<= 200? No

Yes

OUTPUT “Correct!
STOP
Valid number”
PSEUDOCODE ALGORITHM FOR EXAMPLE 4

OUTPUT ”Enter a number”

INPUT number

WHILE number < 100 OR number > 200 DO

OUTPUT ”Invalid number. Try again!”

INPUT number
ENDWHILE

OUTPUT ”Valid number”

OR

REPEAT

OUTPUT “Enter a number”

INPUT number

IF number < 100 OR number > 200 THEN

OUTPUT “Invalid number”
END IF
UNTIL number >= 100 AND number <=200
OUTPUT ”Valid number”

EXAMPLE 5(a): An algorithm needs to take in three numbers and output the largest. Draw the flowchart for this
algorithm.

PSEUDOCODE

Max  0

FOR Count  1 TO 3
OUTPUT “Enter a number”
INPUT value
IF value > Max THEN
Max  value
ENDIF
NEXT Count
OUTPUT Max
EXAMPLE 5(b)

START

max  0

counter  1

Is counter <=
3? No
OUTPUT max

Yes

INPUT num

Is num >
max?
No

Yes

counter  max  num STOP

counter + 1
The Pseudocode for EXAMPLE 5

An algorithm needs to take in three numbers and output the smallest.

INPUT smallest
FOR count  1 TO 3
OUTPUT “Enter a number”
INPUT num
IF num < smallest THEN
smallest  num
END IF
NEXT count
OUTPUT smallest

OR

smallest 100
count  1
WHILE count<=3 DO
OUTPUT “Enter a number”
INPUT number
IF number < smallest THEN
smallest  number
ENDIF
count  count + 1
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT “The smallest number is “ & smallest
Example 5(b)
A program will:
• input 50 unique integer values
• output the smallest value
• output the average of the values excluding the smallest value.
Draw a program flowchart to represent the algorithm.

START

Min 99
Count  1 Count  Count +
Total  0 1

Is Total  Total + No
No INPUT Is Number
Count Number
Number < Min
> 50?

Yes
Yes

Min  Number
Average  (Total –
Min)/50

OUTPUT Min,
Average

STOP
EXAMPLE 6:

num & “X” & count & “ = ” & num*count

count  count + 1
EXAMPLE 7:

OUTPUT “ How many numbers do you want to output?”

INPUT number

counter  1

WHILE counter <= number DO

OUTPUT counter

count  counter + 1

ENDWHILE

EXAMPLE 8:
The average (mean) of a set of numbers can be found by adding the numbers together and
dividing the resulting total by how many numbers there are in the set.
Write an algorithm in pseudocode to enter and find the average of a set of numbers using a REPEAT…UNTIL
loop. Your algorithm must work for different sets of numbers.
......................................................................................

OUTPUT “Enter how many set of numbers you want to find the average”

INPUT setCount

Counter  0

Total  0

REPEAT

OUTPUT “Enter a value”

INPUT value

Total  Total + value

Count  Count + 1

UNTIL Count = setCount

Average  Total/setCount
OUTPUT Average
EXAMPLE 9: (October, 2022 Paper 12)
A programmer is writing an algorithm in pseudocode to represent a company’s payroll system. The system
calculates a worker’s wages before tax by multiplying the number of hours worked by the rate of pay per
hour. A procedure within the main algorithm representing this could be:
PROCEDURE BeforeTax(Hours, Rate)
WagesBeforeTax  Hours * Rate
ENDPROCEDURE
There are two stages involved in calculating the wages after tax:
• the amount of tax paid by the worker is calculated by multiplying the WagesBeforeTax by the
rate of tax (35%);
• the amount of tax paid is then subtracted from the WagesBeforeTax.
(a) Write a procedure for calculating the wages after tax, assuming the value of WagesBeforeTax
is passed to it.
ANSWER:
PROCEDURE AfterTax(BeforeTax)
TaxRate  0.35
Tax  BeforeTax * TaxRate
WagesAfterTax  BeforeTax – Tax
ENDPROCEDURE

(b) The programmer’s algorithm will use the BeforeTax() procedure and the procedure created
in part (a) to calculate and output the wage after tax for each worker.
Complete the algorithm. The statements have been numbered to help you.
ANSWER:
Count  0
INPUT
NumberOfWorkers
REPEAT
INPUT Hour, Rate
CALL BeforeTax(Hours, Rate)
CALL AfterTax(BeforeTax)
OUTPUT “Wage after tax is “& wageAfterTax
Count  Count + 1
UNTIL Count = NumberOfWorkers
PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 4.09

PSEUDOCODE SOLUTION:
Continue  False
Total  0

WHILE Continue == False DO

OUTPUT "Do you want to perform a calculation?"
INPUT Response
Response  upper(Response)

WHILE Response != "YES" OR Response != "NO"

OUTPUT "Invalid response. Try again!!"
INPUT Response
Response  upper(Response)
END WHILE

IF Response == "YES" THEN

OUTPUT "How many numbers do you want to add together?"
INPUT numCount

FOR Count  1 TO numCount

OUTPUT "Enter a number: "
INPUT num
Total  Total + num
NEXT Count
ELSE
Continue  True
ENDIF
END WHILE
OUTPUT "The total is " & Total
Exercise:

SOLUTION:

alphabets = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v",
"w", "x", "y", "z"]
position 0
i0
word input("Enter a
word:") wordLength 
len(word)

WHILE (i < wordLength):

position 
[Link](word[i])+1
print(word[i]*position)
ii+1
ENDWHILE

Example 10: PRACTICAL ACTIVITY 4.06 (No. 4)

Method 1:
secretNum  8

OUTPUT ”Guess the secret number”

INPUT guess

count  0

WHILE guess <> secretNum DO

OUTPUT ”Guess the secret number”

INPUT guess

count  count + 1
ENDWHILE

OUTPUT “Bravo! You are correct. It took you” & count & “guesses.”

Method 2:

secretNum  8

correct  False

count  0

WHILE (correct == False) DO

PRINT "Enter a number"

INPUT guess

IF guess == secretNum THEN

correct True

PRINT(“Bravo! You’re correct!”)

count  count + 1

ENDWHILE

PRINT ”It took you” & count & “guesses.”

Practical activity 4.07 (No. 2)

OUTPUT” How many letters do you want to enter”

INPUT numLetters

word  “”

FOR count  0 TO numLetters-1

OUTPUT”Enter a letter”

INPUT letter

word  word + letter

NEXT count

OUTPUT word
Practical activity 4.07 (No. 3)

OUTPUT” Enter your birth day”

INPUT birthDay
OUTPUT” Enter your birth month”
INPUT birthMonth
OUTPUT” Enter your birth year”
INPUT birthYear
birthDate  birthday &”/”& birthMonth&”/”& birthyear
OUTPUT ”Your birth date is “& birthdate