Web Environment

A web environment is defined as a full website or website application stack containing

everything the website or application needs to deliver features and content to users.

This includes, but is not limited to, the following:

▪ A dedicated parcel of server space

▪ Memory
▪ A database
▪ An operating system
▪ Application services

Web Development
There are two broad divisions of web development, they are:
1. Front-End Development (also called client-side development)
Front-end development refers to constructing what a user sees when they load a web
application – the content, design and how you interact with it. This is done with three codes –
HTML, CSS and JavaScript.
2. Back-End Development ( also called server-side development)

Back-end development controls what goes on behind the scenes of a web application. A
back-end often uses a database to generate the front-end.

What is Client and Server ?

• Client: When we talk the word Client, it mean to talk of a person or an organization
using a particular service. Similarly in the digital world a Client is a computer (Host)
i.e. capable of receiving information or using a particular service from the service
providers (Servers).
• Servers: Similarly, when we talk the word Servers, It mean a person or medium that
serves something. Similarly in this digital world a Server is a remote computer which
provides information (data) or access to particular services.

What are the benefits of making website documentations?

There are many benefits to writing good documentation for your web projects. Some of these
benefits include:
1. Easier code maintenance and updates : When you have clear and concise
documentation, it becomes much easier to make changes and keep track of changes.
This also helps with the growth of your project, if you need to update it for
compatibility or otherwise.

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 2. Reduced learning curve : Without good documentation, users may have a very
difficult time trying to figure out how to use your site or product, which can lead to
frustration and them leaving your site very quickly. You wouldn’t want that! With
proper documentation though, users will be able to learn how to navigate around your
application efficiently without any problems.
3. Improved brand/site image : A web application is never successful until there are
regular users on it – but how do you get those first regular users? Good
documentation is important here because it sets up an ease-of-use atmosphere for
everyone who visits your site. If it’s easy to use and navigate, people will be more
likely to stay on your site for longer periods of time, which is what you want as a web
developer.
4. Saves time : Finally, proper documentation can save you an incredible amount of
time when it comes to resolving errors and understanding how your code works. By
taking the time to document everything properly, you are essentially creating a
“manual” for yourself and others who work on your project. This will help to speed
up the troubleshooting process significantly!

Who is Your Target Audience?

Your target audiences are the predetermined recipients of your all marketing efforts. They are
the intended group whom you want to reach and convert into paying customers.

Why Documentation is important in website developing?

In web development, documentation is vital in order to ensure that code is easy to understand
and follow, as well as providing a reference for future changes or updates. Good
documentation can also be a lifesaver when it comes to troubleshooting errors and glitches.
Documentation is important because it makes sure that every detail about your site or
application is explained clearly and can be easily understood without question. With good
documentation, anyone will know how to use your site and what details they need to know
when using it.
Without proper documentation, there may end up being so many problems and difficulties
during the use of your web project that you would lose customers due to complications. This
could also lead to people not knowing how to operate your site with ease, leaving them lost
and frustrated with your product.

Discuss the broad categories of Website

Types of Website:
• Static Website
• Dynamic Website

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Static Website: In Static Websites, Web pages are returned by the server which are prebuilt
source code files built using simple languages such as HTML, CSS, or JavaScript. There is
no processing of content on the server (according to the user) in Static Websites. Web pages
are returned by the server with no change therefore, static Websites are fast. There is no
interaction with databases. Also, they are less costly as the host does not need to support
server-side processing with different languages.

Dynamic Website: In Dynamic Websites, Web pages are returned by the server which are
processed during runtime means they are not prebuilt web pages but they are built during
runtime according to the user’s demand with the help of server-side scripting languages such
as PHP, [Link], [Link] and many more supported by the server. So, they are slower than
static websites but updates and interaction with databases are possible.

Important Definitions

1. GIF in full graphics interchange format, digital file format devised in 1987 by the
Internet service provider CompuServe as a means of reducing the size of images and
short [Link] image files are commonly used on the web to display graphics
and logos. They also support basic animation, which means they're a popular file format
for memes on social media sites.
2. HTTP The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the foundation of the World Wide
Web, and is used to load web pages using hypertext [Link] is an application layer
protocol designed to transfer information between networked devices and runs on top
of other layers of the network protocol stack. A typical flow over HTTP involves a
client machine making a request to a server, which then sends a response messag. An
HTTP request is the way internet communications platforms such as web browsers ask
for the information they need to load a website.
3. PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is known as a general-purpose scripting language that
can be used to develop dynamic and interactive websites. It was among the first server-
side languages that could be embedded into HTML, making it easier to add
functionality to web pages without needing to call external files for data.
4. XML (Extensible Markup Language) is used to describe data. The XML standard is a
flexible way to create information formats and electronically share structured data via
the public internet, as well as via corporate networks.. XML (Extensible Markup
Language) is a markup language similar to HTML, but without predefined tags to use.
5. XHTML stands for Extensible Hyper Text Markup Language. It is a cross between
HTML and XML [Link] is almost identical to HTML but it is stricter than

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 HTML. XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application. It is supported by all major
browsers. Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of
XML markup languages. It mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText
Markup Language (HTML), the language in which Web pages are formulated.
6. Web browser (also referred to as an Internet browser or simply a browser) is
application software for accessing the World Wide Web or a local website. A browser
is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the
information on the World Wide Web. When a user requests a web page from a particular
website, the web browser retrieves its files from a web server and then graphically
renders the page on the user's screen. Example: Google Chrome, Internet Explorer,
Mozilla Firefox
7. HTTPS: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is an extension of the Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP). It is used for secure communication over a computer
network, and is widely used on the Internet. In HTTPS, the communication protocol is
encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS) or, formerly, Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL).
8. The pages of a Web site can usually be accessed from the homepage called Uniform
Resource Locator (URL)

Types of Websites

Blog : A blog is a website where people share information, ideas, and views. It is a place
where you can express your vision and your thoughts to the world. Earlier, blogs were used
as a journal, but now they are becoming one of the important mass communication tools
where people get to know about new things. WordPress and Google blogger are famous
blogging sites where you can write articles. Blogs include a travel blog, news blog, cooking
blog, etc.
E-commerce website : This website is a place for online shopping where a person can buy
or sell a product. Amazon, Flipkart, and Olx are some of the examples of an E-commerce
website. E-commerce has a lot of potentials to grow as nowadays, people tend to shop online
because of their hectic life.
Social Media website : This is the most popular website where people can connect with
each other. Social media websites enable the user to share their personal information,
pictures, video ideas, and opinion in real-time. Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter are some
examples of social media websites.
Educational Websites : There are 2 main types of educational websites which you can
develop:
1. Websites of educational establishments (schools, lyceums, colleges, universities);

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 2. Online course marketplaces (Coursera, Preply, Udemy, edX, Udacity, Skillshare).
Education websites include websites of colleges and schools and tuitions. The new normal
has changed the structure of educational institutions. Nowadays, people are learning through
online classes and the demands of educational websites also grow.

What Is Website Planning?

Website planning is the first phase of the website development process. It's a strategic activity
that aims to define and document what kind of a website you want to build, how exactly do
you want it built, and why (what your goals are).
Why Plan Your Website Before Building It?
• Drastically reduced risk of project failure
• You’ll get a high-quality website
• The quotes you'll get from web agencies will be more precise
• Your chosen agency will be more creative
• Your website development project will be finished faster
Important Languages/ Scripting
1. Markup languages (such as HTML, XHTML and XML)
2. Style languages (such as CSS and XSL)
3. Client Side Scripting (such as JavaScript, AJAX)
4. Server scripting (such as Python, PHP and ASP)
5. Database technologies (MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server,
MongoDB, Redis, MariaDB)
Discuss the importance of Website Planning

• Save time and money

• Alleviate many design issues
• Provide better results

How to Create a Website Plan?

1. Set your purpose and goals : Once you have decided to create your website, you
should already know the purpose of it. Whether your purpose is to set an online
presence of your business or just to have a place to share your creativity with the
world, a clear goal should be pointed out.
2. Create a budget : Setting a realistic budget is an important part of website planning.
When preparing your budget, you should consider not only the costs associated with
the process of website creation and launching but also the ongoing costs for the first
couple of years running the [Link] costs you may need to estimate and plan in
your website planning checklist include:
• Domain and hosting
• Graphic design
• Website design and development

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 • Marketing research
• Content writing
• Marketing and advertising
• Updates and maintenance
3. Create a content strategy : Every website needs content to show to visitors. Content is
not just about blog posts, but anything that contains information, such as videos,
images, documents, guides, and how-to’s, sales copy, infographics, podcasts,
slideshows, [Link] content is a vital aspect of a website, you should either stay
consistent with a wireframe for your self-created content or hire experienced writers.
4. Create a mock-up : A page mock-up, also known as a wireframe, is a must-have section
in website planning. It is the first draft of your website usually created in Photoshop.
Therefore, there’s no need to put too much detail into this stage. All you need to do is
to give your team members an idea or just scratch on the surface of what the website
will look like. Then, you can consult their opinions to better modify any feature.
5. Test it out : Testing is an important step in website planning. This practice can help
identify any possible bug or catch details that might have been missed initially. Here is
the checklist for testing:
• Make sure the website shows up the exact desired way in all browsers, including
computer-based ones such as Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and mobile-based
ones like Safari.
• Test the website on personal digital devices such as cell phones, tablets to check
whether your website maintains its consistent appearance regardless of the screen.
• Make sure all of the links perfectly work, that the images are properly sized. See
whether all the input fields are working or not

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