WORK SHEET
1. A sample of stainless steel (0.320 g) was weighed out and dissolved in nitric acid. The
resulting solution was made up to 1 dm3 with water. Five standards and the sample solution
were analyzed for nickel consecutively on a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer with
the following results:
Solution Ni concentration/ppm Absorbance
1 2 0.126
2 4 0.250
3 6 0.374
4 8 0.500
5 10 0.626
Sample — 0.220
Calculate the amount % of nickel in the steel.
2. The ultraviolet spectrum of benzonitrile shows a primary absorption band at 224 nm and a
secondary band at 271 nm.
(a) If a solution of benzonitrile in water, with a concentration of 1x10-4 molar, is examined at a
wavelength of 224 nm, the absorbance is determined to be [Link] cell length is 1 [Link]
is the molar absorptivity of this absorption band?
(b) If the same solution is examined at 271 nm, what will be the absorbance reading (e =
1000)? What will be the intensity ratio, I0/I?
3. Calculate the frequency in hertz, the energy in joules, and the energy in electron volts of an
X-ray photon with a wavelength of 6.24 A0.
4. Calculate the frequency in hertz, the wave number, the energy in joules, and the energy in
KJ/mol associated with the 3.517m vibrational absorption band of an aliphatic ketone.
5. Calculate the wavelength and the energy in joules associated with an NMR signal at 368
MHz.
6. Calculate the velocity, frequency, and wavelength of the sodium D line ( = 589 nm) as
light from this source passes through a species whose refractive index, nD, is 1.09.
7. When the D line of sodium light impinges an air-diamond interface at an angle of incidence
of 30.0°, the angle of refraction is 11.9°. What is nD for diamond?
8. What is the wavelength of a photon in nm that has three times as much energy as that of a
photon whose wavelength is 779 nm?
9. Convert the following absorbance data into percent transmittance:
(a) 0.278 (b) 1.499 (c) 0039
10. Convert the following percent transmittance data into absorbance:
(a) 29.9 (b) 2.97
11. Calculate the percent transmittance of solutions with half the absorbance of those in
Problem 9.
12 Calculate the absorbance of solutions with half the percent transmittance of those in
Problem 10.
13. A solution that was 3.78 X 10-3 M in X had a transmittance of 0.212 when measured in a
2.00-cm cell. What concentration of X would be required for the transmittance to be increased
by a factor of 3 when a 1.00-cm cell was used?
14. A compound had a molar absorptivity of 3.03 x 10 3L cm-1 mol-1. What concentration of the
compound would be required to produce a solution that has a transmittance of 9.53% in a
2.50-cm cell?
15. A solution containing 6.23 ppm KMnO 4, had a transmittance of 0.195 in a 1.00-cm cell at
520 nm. Calculate the molar absorptivity of KMnO4, at 520 nm.
16. A solution containing 5.24 mg/100 mL of A (335 g/mol) has a transmittance of 55.2% in a
1.50-cm cell at 425 nm. Calculate the molar absorptivity of A at this wavelength.
17. A solution containing the complex formed between Bi(III) and thiourea has a molar
absorptivity of 9.32 X 103 L mol-1cm-1 at 470 nm.
(a) What is the absorbance of a 3.79 x 10 -5 M solution of the complex at 470 nm in a [Link]
cell?
(b) What is the percent transmittance of the solution described in (a)?
(c) what is the molar concentration of the complex in a solution that has the absorbance
described in (a) when measured at 470 nm in a 2.50-cm cell')
18. At 580nm, which is the wavelength of its maximum absorption, the complex Fe(SCN) 2+
has a molar absorptivity of 7.00 X 103 L cm-1 mol-1 Calculate
(a) the absorbance of a 3.49 X 10-5 M solution of the complex at 580 nm in a 1.00-cm cell
(b) the absorbance of a solution in a 2.50-cm cell in which the concentration of the complex is
one half that in (a).
(c) the percent transmittance of the solutions described in (a) and (b).
(d) the absorbance of a solution that has half the transmittance of that described in (a).
19. A 2.50-mL aliquot of a solution that contains 7.9 ppm iron(III) is treated with an
appropriate excess of KSCN to form the Fe(SCN)2+ complex and diluted to 50.0 mL. What is
the absorbance of the resulting solution at 580 nm in a 2.50-cm cell. See Problem 18 for
absorptivity data.
20. Zinc(lI) and the ligand L form a 1: 1 complex that absorbs strongly at 600 nm. As long as
the molar concentration of L exceeds that of zinc(II) by a factor of 5, the absorbance depends
only on the cation concentration. Neither zinc(II) nor L absorbs at 600 nm. A solution that is
1.59 X 10-4 M in zinc(II) and 1.00 X 10 -3M in L has an absorbance of 0.352 in a 1.00-cm cell
at 600 nm. Calculate
(a) the percent transmittance of this solution.
(b) the percent transmittance of this solution in a 2.50-cm cell,
(c) the molar absorptivity of the complex.