Body Composition ( % of body weight)
Water - 60 %
Distribution Total
Protein - 18 % of
Minerals-7 % Body water
Fats-15 %
160 %
of Body weight)
3 ↓ Y3rd
33 %
ICF (Intracellular ECF (Extra Cellular
Fluid) Flid)
40 %
Body weight
20 %
Body weight
>
- Plasma
15% of Body wight
>
-
Tissue (15 oftotalByis
%
·
Plasma Vs Interstitial Flid
-
same composition as
plasma but very less protein
·
Total BloodVolume =
8%
of Body weight
Plasma . = 5%
of Body weight
Blood all Volume = 3%
of body weight
component of ECF
Another
·
- Transcular fluid-fluid contained in
(1 5 1. of Body weight)
suction and cavities
of body
. .
.
· CSF ·
plural fluid
·
Intraocular fluid ·
pericardial fluid
Sweat
Bile Saliva
synovial fluid
· .
· .
·
lacrimal fluid: cochlear third
total
·
Mesenchymal Tissue Fluid
·
:
Found
-6 %
in
of body water
dense connective tissue such as
cartilage and bone.
ECF
·
ISF ,
transcullular fluid and
musenchymal fluid = 75 %
of
· If plasma volume and hematocrit are known
Total blood
(t-net)
=
X Plasma
Volume volume
Measurement
of Various body fluid compartments
distribution .
Donc
by dyc dilution technique of principle of volume of
·
suitable
A known
quantity of a
dyc/indicator
is added to an unknown volume .
The volume
of fluid compartment is
measured
by using
the
following
indicate
Comma=
quantity of
given
indicator
C = cone
of
indicator
c = amount of
which has been lost
or metabolized .
Indicators Used
① Total Water D20 (most frequently used)
Body
>
-
Tritium oxide
Antipyrinc
② ECF volume >
-
Non metabolizable saccharides
Invin ; sucros mannitol
;
·
Radio isotopes scluted ions
of
·
Nat
,
11 , By ,
Soy"- , S2oz
?
-(thiosulphate)
(Most Accurate measurement of
ECF volume >
-
Inwlin)
③ Plasma Volume - Evan's Blue
· Albumin tagged with Radioactive
iodine ['-albumin
·
RISA (Radio iodinated Scrum Albumin)
⑨ Interstitial Fluid >
- indirect measurement
ISF Volume
ECF volume -
Plasma Volume =
⑤ ICF >
- indirect measurement
IIF
water ECF =
Total
body
-
Total Blood Volume Plasma Volume
⑥ RBC
-
volume :
By RBL with Cr51 Fc59 ; p32
tagging ;
Another method - BIS (Bio impedance spectroscopy)
Non Invasive
·
Based on the
principle of measurement
electrical
of
resistance/impedance
Factors
affecting
total
to dy
water
① Fat : -TBW
varicsnersely with the proportion of body fat
· water content in kan
body mas = 71 -
72m)/100gm of tissue
les in
· Total
body water is
obyc
person
>
-
Women
-
(50 % of body weight)
water value tends to decrease with
② Agc : - Total
body
agc
.
the 1st there is a marked decrease
·
During year of life
water because the all
which contains
in total body man
solid faster rate than ECF volume.
athast 20 % grows at a
in which percentage of solid is much les.
Measurement Concentration
Solute
of
① Mole : -
Molecular weight of substance in
gram.
: Calcium Mol weight = 40
eg
-
-
calcium
40gm = I mole
of
Nall- 23 Na Nach
= 58 5 gm
of
.
35 5((
/ mole
of NaCl
.
millimole =
1/1000 of mole
solute with
② Equivalent : - One mole
of a
Valence 'V' =
'v'equivalent of solute
ionized substance
1
Eq =
1 mol
of
Valency (in case
of an lemint)
: -1 mol Nat Nat
eg of =
1 Eg of
librata
③ Osmote-cosmole
= Imole/no of freely moving particles
2 osmole NaC
I mole
of
Nall =
of
Nati
Bosmote (a Cle
I mol
of CaCl2
=
/
cast at Y
1 o smoke
1 mol
of glucos =
of glucose
(doesn't dissociate in ions)
albunin
I mol of allumin =
losmol
of
subsance has the
One Osmote
of any following properties
① It
depresses the
freezing point by 1 86c
.
② Excels an osmotic pruur
of 22 .
4 atm or 19300mm
of My
1 milliosmote = 19 3
.
mmHg (Pressure excutd)
③ It has 6 023X 1023 molecules
.
osmoles litre solution
Osmolarity : -no
of par of
solvent
Osmolality : - no
of
osmoly por kg of
affected other solute
Cosmolality
is not
by presence of
in solution of by temperature
Tonicity plasma osmolarity
:
Osmolarity of
-
a solution with respect to
.
isotonic
Same
osmolarity
-
less
osmolarity
->
hypotonic
More
osmolarity
-
hypertonic
0 9%
. Nach is isotonic to plasma
5) Glucos is
initially isotonic but since there is
a
piriphical uptake of glucose the solution
eventually
becomes
hypotonic .
Plasma
Osmolality
of 290momlated
ut ions (1 /4105)
-
= 270 mosmo
② Uria = 5 mosm
③ glucose -- 5 mosm
⑨ Plasma protein-ls than cosm
Bosmol
⑤ Remaining ions =
Approximate formula of finding plasma osmolarity (mosm/lit
2x [Na + + k
+
J + Gluco (mg/d))/18 + Blood Orca
Nitrogen
(mg(d))/2 8 .
+ 0 36 XBON
055Xglucx
.
2X(Na + +
] + 0 .
+ k
Osmolal
Gap
·
More accurate method
by fuzing point depression
If there is a
difference of 10mosnol 60 freeing
it is
point depression and approximate formula
called osmolal
gapsubstance
-
-
it indicates presence of foreign
·
g
: - chano ; mamitol ; poisons.