PYTHON PROGRAMMING FILE

SUBMITTED TO Mr Mohit Dubey

SUBMITTED BY Pratham Grover , Class - XII-C

LIST OF PRACTICALS:

[Link] PROGRAM T. Sign

.
1 Write a program to show if the entered string is a palindrome or not.
Ans:def is_palindrome():
s = input("Enter a string: ").strip()
 s_clean = [Link]().replace(" ", "") # Ignore spaces and case
if s_clean == s_clean[::-1]:
print(f"'{s}' is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"'{s}' is not a palindrome.")
is_palindrome()
2 Write a program to show statistics of characters in the given line (to count the
number of alphabets, digits, uppercase, lowercase, spaces and other
characters).
Ans:def char_statistics():
line = input("Enter a line: ")
alphabets = digits = upper = lower = spaces = others = 0
for char in line:
if [Link]():
alphabets += 1
if [Link]():
upper += 1
else:
lower += 1
elif [Link]():
digits += 1
elif [Link]():
spaces += 1
else:
others += 1
print(f"Alphabets: {alphabets}")
print(f"Digits: {digits}")
print(f"Uppercase: {upper}")
print(f"Lowercase: {lower}")
print(f"Spaces: {spaces}")
print(f"Other characters: {others}")
char_statistics()
3 Write a program to display frequencies of all the elements of a list.
Ans: lst = eval(input("Enter a list: "))
freq = {}
for item in lst:
if item in freq:
freq[item] = freq[item] + 1
else:
freq[item] = 1
print("Element : Frequency")
for element in freq:
print(element, " :", freq[element])

4 Write a program to display those strings which are starting with ‘A’ from the
given list.
Ans: def starts_with_A():
lst = eval(input("Enter a list of strings (e.g., ['Apple', 'Bat', 'Ant']): "))
result = [s for s in lst if [Link]('A')]
print("Strings starting with 'A':", result)
 starts_with_A()
5 Write a program to find and display the sum of all the values which are
ending with 3 from a list.
Ans: def sum_ending_with_3():
lst = eval(input("Enter a list of numbers (e.g., [13, 25, 33, 41]): "))
total = sum(x for x in lst if str(x).endswith('3'))
print("Sum of numbers ending with 3:", total)
sum_ending_with_3()
6 Write a program to delete the duplicate element from the list
Ans:def remove_duplicates():
lst = eval(input("Enter a list: "))
unique = list([Link](lst)) # Preserves order
# Or: unique = list(set(lst)) # Doesn't preserve order
print("List after removing duplicates:", unique)
remove_duplicates()
7 Write a program to swap the content with next value, if it is divisible by 7
Ans:def swap_if_divisible_by_7():
lst = eval(input("Enter a list of numbers: "))
i=0
while i < len(lst) - 1:
if lst[i] % 7 == 0:
lst[i], lst[i+1] = lst[i+1], lst[i]
i += 1 # Skip next element as it has been swapped
i += 1
print("Modified list:", lst)
swap_if_divisible_by_7()
8 Write a program to accept values from a user and create a tuple.
Ans:def create_tuple():
n = int(input("How many elements? "))
elements = []
for i in range(n):
val = input(f"Enter element {i+1}: ")
try:
val = int(val) if [Link]() else float(val) if '.' in val else val
except:
pass
[Link](val)
t = tuple(elements)
print("Created tuple:", t)
create_tuple()
9 Write a program to input the names of ‘n’ countries and their capital store in a
dictionary.
Ex d = {“India”:”New Delhi” ,……}
Ans:def country_capitals():
n = int(input("Enter number of countries: "))
d = {}
for i in range(n):
country = input("Enter country name: ")
 capital = input("Enter capital: ")
d[country] = capital
print("Dictionary:", d)
country_capitals()
10 Write a program to show GCD of two positive numbers.
Ans:import math
def gcd_two_numbers():
a = int(input("Enter first positive number: "))
b = int(input("Enter second positive number: "))
print("GCD:", [Link](a, b))
gcd_two_numbers()
11 Write a function in python to read lines from text file [Link] and display
words which are less than four character
Ans:def short_words_poem():
try:
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
for line in f:
words = [Link]().split()
short = [w for w in words if len(w) < 4]
if short:
print(short)
except FileNotFoundError:
print("[Link] not found!")
short_words_poem()
12 Write a program to show and count the number of words in a text file
‘[Link]’ which is starting with the words' The', ‘the’.
Ans:def count_the_words():
count = 0
try:
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
for line in f:
words = [Link]()
for word in words:
if [Link]().startswith("the"):
count += 1
print(word)
print("Total words starting with 'The/the':", count)
except FileNotFoundError:
print("[Link] not found!")
count_the_words()
13 Write a program to read data from a text file [Link], and display each
word with a number of vowels and consonants.
Ans:def vowels_consonants():
try:
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
for line in f:
 words = [Link]()
for word in words:
word_clean = ''.join([Link]() for ch in word if [Link]())
vowels = sum(1 for ch in word_clean if ch in 'aeiou')
consonants = len(word_clean) - vowels
print(f"{word} -> Vowels: {vowels}, Consonants:
{consonants}")
except FileNotFoundError:
print("[Link] not found!")
vowels_consonants()

14 Write a program to read data from a text file [Link], and display words
which have maximum/minimum characters.
Ans:def max_min_length_words():
try:
words = []
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
for line in f:
[Link]([Link]())
if not words:
print("File is empty.")
return
min_len = min(len(w) for w in words)
max_len = max(len(w) for w in words)
min_words = [w for w in words if len(w) == min_len]
max_words = [w for w in words if len(w) == max_len]
print("Words with minimum characters:", min_words)
print("Words with maximum characters:", max_words)
except FileNotFoundError:
print("[Link] not found!")
max_min_length_words()
15 Consider a binary file “[Link] '' containing details such as empno:
ename:salary(separator‘:’).Write a python function to display details of those
employees who are earning between 20000 and 40000.
Ans:import pickle
def display_salary_range():
try:
with open("[Link]", "rb") as f:
print("Employees with salary between 20000 and 40000:")
while True:
try:
record = [Link](f)
empno, ename, salary = [Link](':')
salary = float(salary)
if 20000 <= salary <= 40000:
print(f"EmpNo: {empno}, Name: {ename}, Salary: {salary}")
except EOFError:
break
except FileNotFoundError:
 print("[Link] not found!")
display_salary_range()

16 Write a program to insert list data in a CSV File and print it.
Ans:import csv
def list_to_csv():
data = eval(input("Enter list of lists (e.g., [['Name','Age'],['Ram',20]]): "))
with open("[Link]", "w", newline="") as f:
writer = [Link](f)
[Link](data)
print("Data written to [Link]")
# Print content
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
print([Link]())
list_to_csv()
17 Following is the structure of each record in a data file named”
[Link]”.
{"prod_code":value, "prod_desc":value, "stock":value}
The values for prod_code and prod_desc are strings, and the value for stock is
an integer.
Write a program in PYTHON to update the file with a new value of stock.
The stock and the product_code, whose stock is to be updated, are to be input
during the execution of the function.
Ans:import pickle
def update_stock():
prod_code = input("Enter product code to update: ")
new_stock = int(input("Enter new stock value: "))
found = False
records = []
try:
with open("[Link]", "rb") as f:
while True:
try:
rec = [Link](f)
[Link](rec)
if rec["prod_code"] == prod_code:
rec["stock"] = new_stock
found = True
except EOFError:
break
if found:
with open("[Link]", "wb") as f:
for rec in records:
[Link](rec, f)
print("Stock updated successfully.")
else:
print("Product code not found.")
except FileNotFoundError:
print("[Link] not found!")
 update_stock()
18 Assuming the tuple Vehicle as follows:
( vehicletype, no_of_wheels)
Where vehicletype is a string and no_of_wheels is an integer.
Write a program to read all the records present in an already existing binary
file [Link] and display them on the screen, also count the number of
records present in the file.
Ans:import pickle
def display_vehicles():
count = 0
try:
with open("[Link]", "rb") as f:
while True:
try:
vehicletype, wheels = [Link](f)
print(f"Vehicle Type: {vehicletype}, Wheels: {wheels}")
count += 1
except EOFError:
break
print("Total records:", count)
except FileNotFoundError:
print("[Link] not found!")
display_vehicles()
19 Write a MENU DRIVEN program to show push and pop operation using
stack.
Ans:def stack_menu():
stack = []
while True:
print("\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit")
ch = input("Enter choice: ")
if ch == '1':
item = input("Enter item to push: ")
[Link](item)
print("Pushed:", item)
elif ch == '2':
if stack:
print("Popped:", [Link]())
else:
print("Stack empty!")
elif ch == '3':
print("Stack:", stack)
elif ch == '4':
break
stack_menu()
20 Write a Python program to create a dictionary from a string. . A
Note: Track the count of the letters from the string.
Sample string : 'computeerr'
Expected output: {c:1 ,o:1,m:1 , p:1, u,:1 ,t:1 , e:2 ,r:2}
 Ans: def letter_count_dict():
s = input("Enter a string: ")
d = {}
for ch in s:
d[ch] = [Link](ch, 0) + 1
print(d)
letter_count_dict()

21 Write a Python program to combine two dictionary adding values for

common keys. .
d1 = {'a': 100, 'b': 200, 'c':300}
d2 = {'a': 300, 'b': 200, 'd':400}
Sample output: Counter({'a': 400, 'b': 400, 'd': 400, 'c': 300})
Ans: from collections import Counter
def combine_dicts():
d1 = {'a': 100, 'b': 200, 'c': 300}
d2 = {'a': 300, 'b': 200, 'd': 400}
result = Counter(d1) + Counter(d2)
print(result)
combine_dicts()
22 Write a Program in Python to sort a tuple of tuples by 2nd item
tuple1 = (('a', 23),('b', 37),('c', 11), ('d',29))
Expected output:
(('c', 11), ('a', 23), ('d', 29), ('b', 37))
Ans: def sort_tuple_by_second():
tuple1 = (('a', 23), ('b', 37), ('c', 11), ('d', 29))
sorted_tuple = tuple(sorted(tuple1, key=lambda x: x[1]))
print(sorted_tuple)
sort_tuple_by_second()
23 Assume a MySQL database named Library with a table named Books that
has the following structure:
Books (BookID INT PRIMARY KEY, Title VARCHAR(100), Author
VARCHAR(50), Price DECIMAL(10, 2), Stock INT)
insert_book(book_id, title, author, price, stock):function should
connect to the database and insert a new record into the Books table
using the provided arguments.

display_low_stock():function should retrieve and display all book

records where the Stock quantity is strictly less than 5. The output
should be formatted neatly (e.g., using print statements or a simple
table format).

update_price(book_id, new_price):function should update the Price field

for a specified BookID.

delete_book():This function should prompt the user to enter a BookID via

the console.

Ans: import [Link]

def library_functions():

conn = [Link](

host="localhost", user="root", password="password",

database="Library"

cur = [Link]()

def insert_book(book_id, title, author, price, stock):

[Link]("INSERT INTO Books VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",

(book_id, title, author, price, stock))

[Link]()

print("Book inserted.")

def display_low_stock():

[Link]("SELECT * FROM Books WHERE Stock < 5")

rows = [Link]()

if rows:

print("Low Stock Books:")

for row in rows:

print(row)
 else:

print("No low stock books.")

def update_price(book_id, new_price):

[Link]("UPDATE Books SET Price = %s WHERE BookID = %s",

(new_price, book_id))

[Link]()

print("Price updated.")

def delete_book():

book_id = int(input("Enter BookID to delete: "))

[Link]("DELETE FROM Books WHERE BookID = %s",

(book_id,))

[Link]()

print("Book deleted.")

insert_book(1, "Python", "Guido", 500.00, 10)

display_low_stock()

[Link]()
24 Write a python program with Mysql connectivity based on above table:
 Hospital

Hospital_i Hospital_ Bad Count

d Name
1 Apollo 200
Hospital

2 Yashoda 400
Hospital
3 Max 1000
Hospital

4 Life 1500
Hospital
 Doctor

Doctor_id Doctor_Name Hospital_id Joining_Date Speciality Salary Exp.

101 Dr. Anuj 1 2005-12-05 Oncologist 250000 Null

102 Dr. Amit 2 2012-11-22 Radiologis 260000 Null

t
 103 Dr. Rajni 2 2013-11-12 Pediatric 270000 Null

104 Dr. Jyoti 4 2008-07-03 Oncologist 210000 Null

i Fetch Hospital and Doctor Information using hospital Id and doctor Id

Ans: import [Link]
from datetime import datetime
def hospital_doctor_queries():
conn = [Link](
host="localhost", user="root", password="password",
database="dbstation"
)
cur = [Link]()
def fetch_hospital_doctor(hosp_id, doc_id):
[Link]("""
SELECT h.Hospital_Name, d.Doctor_Name
FROM Hospital h JOIN Doctor d ON h.Hospital_id = d.Hospital_id
 WHERE h.Hospital_id = %s AND d.Doctor_id = %s
""", (hosp_id, doc_id))
print([Link]())
ii Get the list Of doctors as per the given specialty and salary
Ans: def doctors_by_specialty_salary(specialty, min_salary):
[Link]("SELECT * FROM Doctor WHERE Speciality = %s AND
Salary >= %s",
(specialty, min_salary))
for row in [Link]():
print(row)
iii Get a list of doctors from a given hospital
Ans: def doctors_in_hospital(hosp_id):
[Link]("SELECT Doctor_Name FROM Doctor WHERE
Hospital_id = %s", (hosp_id,))
for row in [Link]():
print(row[0])
iv Update doctor experience in years
Ans: def update_experience():
[Link]("SELECT Doctor_id, Joining_Date FROM Doctor")
for doc_id, join_date in [Link]():
years = ([Link]().date() - join_date).days // 365
[Link]("UPDATE Doctor SET Exp = %s WHERE Doctor_id =
%s", (years, doc_id))
[Link]()
print("Experience updated.")
v add record in Doctor table .
Ans: def add_doctor():
doc_id = int(input("Doctor ID: "))
name = input("Name: ")
hosp_id = int(input("Hospital ID: "))
join_date = input("Joining Date (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
specialty = input("Speciality: ")
salary = float(input("Salary: "))
[Link]("INSERT INTO Doctor VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s,
NULL)",
(doc_id, name, hosp_id, join_date, specialty, salary))
[Link]()
print("Doctor added.")
[Link]()