Module 2: Physical Fitness Components ➢ Example:
A runner needs cardiovascular fitness to keep running long distances
Module Overview but also speed and agility to perform well in races.
This module introduces students to the health-related and skill-related
components of physical fitness. It explores their meaning, significance, and
➢ HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS
application in real-life activities, emphasizing how fitness affects overall
Fitness components linked to overall health and prevention of
health, sports performance, and daily life.
diseases.
Through guided reflection, examples, and hands-on activities, learners will not
o MUSCULAR ENDURANCE - Is the ability of a muscle or
only understand fitness concepts but also apply them in evaluating and
group of muscles to perform repetitive contractions against a
improving their own fitness levels.
force for an extended period. The greater your muscular
endurance the higher number of repetitions you could complete.
Learning Objectives
▪ Ability to use muscles repeatedly without fatigue.
By the end of this module, the student should be able to:
Example: Doing 30 sit-ups in one set.
1. Define physical fitness and its components.
2. Differentiate between health-related and skill-related fitness.
o FLEXIBILTY - Is the range of motion in a joint or group of
3. Illustrate each fitness component through real-life examples.
joints or the ability to move joints effectively through a complete
4. Demonstrate selected activities that develop each fitness component.
range of motion. Flexibility training includes stretching
5. Collaborate in designing a fitness routine or challenge that integrates
exercises to lengthen the muscles and may include activities like
both health-related and skill-related components.
yoga or Tai Chi.
▪ Ability of joints to move through a wide range of motion.
WHAT IS FITNESS?
Example: Stretching to touch your toes.
➢ It is the condition of being physically fit and healthy and involves
attributes that include, but are not limited to mental acuity, o BODY COMPOSITION - Is a method of breaking down the
cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, body into its core components: fat, protein, minerals, and body
body composition, and flexibility. water. It describes your weight more accurately and provides a
better glimpse into your overall health than traditional methods.
➢ Physical Fitness – The condition of being physically fit and healthy,
Body composition analysis can accurately show changes in fat
involving endurance, strength, flexibility, and skill efficiency.
mass, muscle mass, and body fat percentage.
Page 1|3
▪ Ratio of body fat to lean tissue (muscles, bones, organs). ▪ Ability to change direction quickly.
Example: Two people may weigh the same, but one may Example: Dodging opponents in basketball.
have more muscle and less fat.
o BALANCE - Is the ability to control your body so that you
o CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS - Is a health-related would not fall. Example activities are gymnastics, ice skating,
component of physical fitness that is brought about by sustained rhythmic gymnastics, ski-jumping, surfing, etc.
physical activity. A person's ability to deliver oxygen to the ▪ Ability to maintain body position.
working muscles is affected by many physiological parameters, Example: Standing on one leg or doing yoga poses.
including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and maximal
oxygen consumption. o COORDINATION - Is using the five senses with the body parts
▪ Ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen during involved in physical activity. Example activities are juggling,
sustained activity. dribbling.
Example: Jogging for 20 minutes without stopping. ▪ Ability to use senses and body parts together smoothly.
Example: Dribbling a ball while running.
o MUSCULAR STRENGTH - Is the amount of force you can
put out or the amount of weight you can o SPEED - Is the ability to move your body or parts of your body
lift. Muscular endurance is how many times you can move that quick and fast. Example: hitting a ball in a baseball game,
weight without getting exhausted (very tired). running.
▪ The maximum force muscles can exert. ▪ Ability to move quickly.
Example: Lifting a heavy backpack in one motion. Example: Sprinting to chase a ball.
➢ SKILL-RELATED COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS o REACTION TIME - Is the ability to respond quickly to what
you hear, see, or feel. Examples: A fast attack in fencing or
Fitness components that enhance performance in sports and physical
karate.
activities.
▪ Ability to respond quickly to a stimulus.
Example: Catching a falling object.
o AGILITY - Is the skill you need to change and control your
direction and position of the body. Example activity is speed
ladder drills
Page 2|3
o POWER - Is the ability to move your body parts quickly while
applying the greatest force of your muscles. Example activities
are discus throw, high jump.
▪ Ability to exert maximum force in a short time.
Example: Jumping high for a volleyball spike.
References
• Department of Education. (2016). Physical Education Syllabi
Compendium.
• ACSM. (2021). ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and
Prescription.
• NASPE. (2013). National Standards for Physical Education.
Page 3|3