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Science Chapter 4

Chapter 4 discusses essential biological processes for living beings, including nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, reproduction, and growth. It explains how plants produce food through photosynthesis, the importance of oxygen for energy, the role of blood in transporting nutrients, and the body's waste removal systems. The chapter emphasizes that growth and reproduction are vital for the continuation of life.

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4 views3 pages

Science Chapter 4

Chapter 4 discusses essential biological processes for living beings, including nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion, reproduction, and growth. It explains how plants produce food through photosynthesis, the importance of oxygen for energy, the role of blood in transporting nutrients, and the body's waste removal systems. The chapter emphasizes that growth and reproduction are vital for the continuation of life.

Uploaded by

8076chancee
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 4: Biological Processes – 1 (Simplified)

1. Nutrition – Getting Food and Energy

 All living beings need food to stay alive.


 Plants make their own food using sunlight (this is called photosynthesis).
 Animals and humans cannot make food. They eat plants or other animals.

Keywords:

Nutrition – the way living things get and use food.


Photosynthesis – plants use sunlight, air, and water to make food.

Main Idea: Plants are cooks, animals and humans are eaters.

2. Respiration – Breathing for Energy

We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.


Inside our body, food combines with oxygen to release energy.
Without oxygen, we cannot survive.

Keywords:

 Oxygen – a gas in the air that keeps us alive.


 Carbon dioxide – the waste gas we breathe out.
 Respiration – process of breathing + using oxygen to get energy from food.

Main Idea: Breathing is like charging our body battery.

3. Transportation – Moving Things Inside the Body

 Our body needs a way to move food, water, and air to every part.
 Blood does this job.
 Heart pumps blood, just like a motor pumps water.
 Blood moves through tubes called blood vessels.
Keywords:

Heart – organ that pumps blood.


Blood – red fluid carrying oxygen and food.
Blood vessels – tubes carrying blood.

Main Idea: Blood is like a delivery van inside the body.

4. Excretion – Removing Waste

 Like a house has a dustbin, our body removes waste.


 Kidneys clean blood and make urine.
 Skin removes waste through sweat.

Keywords:

Excretion – removing waste from the body.


Kidney – organ that cleans the blood.
Urine – liquid waste.

Main Idea: Excretion is the body’s cleaning system.

5. Reproduction – Making New Life

 All living things make new ones like themselves.


 Plants grow from seeds, flowers, or cuttings.
 Animals give birth to babies or lay eggs.

Keywords:

Reproduction – making new life.


Seed – part of a plant that grows into a new plant.

Main Idea: Reproduction keeps life going.


6. Growth and Development

 Every living thing grows bigger with time.


 A seed grows into a plant ------ tree.
 A baby grows into a child ------ adult.

Keywords:

 Growth – becoming bigger in size.


 Development – changes to become mature/strong.

Main Idea: Growth means change from small to big, weak to strong.

Quick Recap

Food ------ gives us energy.


Breathing ------ brings oxygen, releases energy.
Blood ------ carries useful things around.
Kidneys/skin ------ remove waste.
Babies/seeds ------ life continues.
Growth ------ small ------ big.

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