Amazon EC2

Cloud Computing
Presented by:
Malaika Bakht
Malaika Mumtaz
Muhammad Hasaan Ali
Muhammad Ismael
What is AWS?

AWS stands for Amazon Web Services.

It is a secure service platform based on cloud.
It offers a broad set of global cloud-based products including
Compute, storage, database
Developers tools, management tools
Security
What is Amazon EC2?
Elastic Compute Cloud
It is a web service which provides secure
and resizable compute capacity in the
cloud (developer ease).
Allowing users to run virtual servers
instances for various applications.
Offers flexibility, scalability and a pay as
you go pricing model.
Introduction to Amazon EC2

Elasticity and Scalability:

o Allows users to easily scale their computing capacity.
o Suitable for wide range of applications.
o From small projects to large scale enterprise solutions.
Instances:
o Virtual servers or virtual computing environments are
referred to as “instances”.
o Users can chose from variety of instance types.
o Each optimized for different use case such as compute
optimized, memory optimized and storage optimized.
o Different generations, size.
Introduction to Amazon EC2

AMI(Amazon Machine Image):

o Pre-configured virtual machine images known as Amazon Machine
Images (AMIs).
o Provide necessary information to launch instances.
o You can launch multiple instances from single AMI, or you can use different
AMIs to launch instances.
o Operating system, Application servers and application.
o From an AMI you launch an instance, which is copy of AMI running as
virtual server in the cloud
Pay-as-You-Go Pricing Model:
o Users only pay for the compute capacity they consume.
o Users can adjust their resources based on demand and optimize costs.
Introduction to Amazon EC2

Integration:
o EC2 integrates with other AWS services.
o Users can build scalable solutions using a variety of AWS services.
o EC2 works with Amazon VPC to provide security.
o Support different OS.
History

Officially launched by Amazon Web Services in August 2006.

Amazon added two new instance types (Large and Extra-Large) in 2007.
In 2008, two more types were added, High-CPU Medium and High-CPU
Extra Large.
Twelve types of instance were available.
Amazon EC2 was developed by a team in Cape Town, South Africa led by
Chris Pinkham.
History

Over the years, Amazon EC2 continued to evolve with new features.
Enhanced networking.
instance families optimized for specific workloads like machine learning
or high-performance computing.
Over the years, Amazon made investments in security measures to ensure
data protection and compliance with various industry standards.
Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs)
Security groups
encryption options.
Features of Amazon EC2
Instances:
o Virtual Servers
Amazon Machine Images:
o Preconfigured templates for your instances that package the components
you need for your server.
o Operating system and additional software
o Instance types
Various configurations of CPU:
o Memory, storage,
o Networking capacity,
o Graphics hardware for your instances.
Features of Amazon EC2
Key pairs:
o Secure login information.
o Regions and Zones:
o AWS stores the public key
o User store the private key in a secure place.
o Multiple physical locations for your resources
o Availability Zones
o Local Zones
o Wavelength Zones
Features of Amazon EC2
Security groups:
o Virtual firewall
o Source IP ranges that can reach your instances
o Destination IP ranges to which your instances can connect.
Elastic IP addresses:
o Static IPv4 addresses
o For dynamic cloud computing
Virtual private Clouds:
o Logically isolated from the rest of the AWS Cloud.
o You can optionally connect these virtual networks to your own network.
Features of Amazon EC2
Instance store volumes:
o Storage volumes for temporary data.
o This data is deleted when you
o stop
o hibernate
o terminate your instance.
Features of Amazon EC2
Amazon EBS volumes:
o Persistent storage volumes
o For data using Amazon Elastic Block Store Amazon EBS.
Monitoring and Management:
o Amazon CloudWatch for monitoring resources and performance metrics.
o AWS Systems Manager for managing EC2 instances at scale.
Features of Amazon EC2

Developer-Friendly
o Developers can use APIs and the AWS Management Console
o For provision, configure, and manage instances
o Allowing for automation and infrastructure as code practices.
Operating systems
o Amazon EC2 supports a wide range of operating systems.
o Such as Amazon Linux, Ubuntu, and CentOS and Windows Server editions.
o Users can choose the OS that best suits their application requirements.
Access Amazon EC2 (Interfaces)

Many of interfaces helps in creating

instances
Helps in management
Creation procedures
How we access Amazon EC2?
Interfaces
Amazon EC2 console:
o Web interface to create and manage Amazon EC2 instances and
resources.
o User can access the Amazon EC2 console by signing into the AWS
Management Console.
AWS Command Line Interface:
o Enables users to interact with AWS services using commands in your
command-line shell.
o Supported on Windows, Mac, and Linux.
Interfaces
AWS CloudFormation:
o Amazon EC2 supports creating
resources using AWS CloudFormation.
o User create a template, that
describes your AWS resources.
o User can reuse their CloudFormation
templates to provision the same
resources multiple times
o Whether in the same Region and
account or in multiple Regions and
accounts.
Amazon EC2 Pricing

Free Tier:
o You can get started with Amazon EC2 for free.
On-Demand Instances:
o Pay for the instances that you use by the
second, with a minimum of 60 seconds.
o No long-term commitments
o Irregular and short term workloads.
 Amazon EC2 Pricing

Reserved Instances:
o Reduce your Amazon EC2 costs by making a commitment to a specific
instance configuration.
o Suitable for predictable workloads.
o For a term of 1 or 3 years.
Spot Instances:
o Request unused EC2 instances
o Upto 90% discount but instances can be terminated anytime.
Amazon EC2 Pricing
Dedicated Host:
Physical server dedicated for your use.
Pay per host.
Saving Plans:
o User can reduce your Amazon EC2 costs.
o Making a commitment to a consistent amount of usage.
o In USD per hour, for a term of 1 or 3 years.
Limitations:

Price Variation:
o AWS pricing can be complex, and users may find it challenging to estimate
costs accurately.
o Understanding the pricing model, including factors like reserved instances
and spot instance pricing, is crucial for cost management.
General Issues:
o Amazon is an industry giant with millions of customers
o The servers may need some maintenance and you may experience
downtime.
Limitations:

Cost issues:
o Costs can accumulate
o Especially when instances are not properly managed or monitored
o Unoptimized usage or unexpected spikes in demand can lead to
increased expenses.
Data Center Location:
o The availability of certain instance types and features can vary by AWS
region.
o Some regions may have limitations on the latest instance types or may not
support certain features.
Limitations:
Resource Limits:
o There are limits on the number of instances, IPs, and other resources
o Instance types may have limitations on CPU, memory, or storage capacity,
which might not suit all use cases.
Data Transfer Costs:
o Transferring data out of AWS regions or between AWS services could be
expensive.
o Can incur additional costs, especially if data transfer volumes are high.