13

Laplace aonsfoom
s Definition
uppose ) is a xeal valued function defined over
the inteval (-o,0). The Laplace
Tnonforn oP
f(t), denoted by FS) on f(G)
PO) on
or Ljfef» is
defined by
F(S) =L{Pt fE) dt
Laplace Tromsfopms of Stamdard Functions
S>o
-St 70
LÞ) = edt = Poved)
Tn+)
L(n) = t"stdt Let o St = þ
’ s dt = dp

Pntl-dp
P

r(n+) (Beoved)
it m is
posifive imteger.
(3) S-a
ip s a

eateSt dt -(S-a) t
Je
-(S-a)t 0
S- a

Paxoved)
 Lcos at , i) Lýsin atý
-St _iot -(s+ia) t
e e dE

)
S+ ia

S- ia
>LSos at - isinat= s+ a
a
L~cos -
at ýL Ë s i n atý - s\ar (Prgved
LjSinh aty- a

Lgsinh atj -Lýt(et-e

=

S -a S+a

s-ar
Ljcosh at - Lt(eat eat)f
(Praved)
Linear Peopexty
Suppose HS) amd ,(S) are Laplace tramfonm
of f() ond fat) ouapectively. Then

whoxe CC2 my comtants

15

E Fixst Shifting Theoxem o

IR L3FE)J =F(G) , then Ljetp)t - FG-a)
L$etpce)} - -St
Fatp()dt
-s-a)t
Pt) dt
ut, ohece u= S- a
e
Pt)dt
F (u)
Fs-a) (Paeoved)
* L$epce = F(sta)
Exgmples
1. Find L(eat), L(eos at), L(e sinat)

L4")=nH) F)
=
by Ist shifting Poperty
L(at)- F(s-a)
r(n+1)
(s-aT (Am)
) L(c0s at) Sta F(S)
S

S- b
L(et cos a) - F(s- b) (s-b) + ar Am)
u L(sin a) Sta FS)
L(et sin bt) = F(S- b)
(S-b)"+ a (Am
 2. Find L$e
r(5t1)
S 5+|
r(G) 5)
- F(S)

Le)- F(s-3)
5| (Arn)
(s-3)
3. Fimd L}et(3 inh 2t - 5 cosh 2t)
2 2
re L(sina 2+) - 9)
L(cosh 2t) F, s)
=
S
=
:L}3esmh 2t - 5etcosh2t
3Ljetsinh 2tk - 5 LËecosh 2tf
3 F,(s+ i) - 5 F, (st)
S
3.
(s+I) -4 (S+i)-4
| - 5s
S+as-3 (Ara)
4. Pscove that

Let(cos 4t + 3sim 4+)f -s4s

t +20
a Second Shifting Theopem
P L}PE) = F(S) and 9t) - ¥(t-a) , t> a

hen
L¿8C+)} = eF(s)
as
oP, L}PE-a) HE- a) F(S)
 Pxoof

Liae)f - Jestge)dE
-St
e . o dt t
CA
estpPlt -a) dt
Jes(pta) Lok, t-a =b
’ dt = d
Sa
e eSPp(p) dh
eFs) (Boved)
Fxomples
5, Find Laplace teamfoxm o t ) , ohere
gC) = Scos (t -2) , 1 t2r.
3

ie t <

Am HecQ ft) = (0st a =

-as
|L}8«j = e L
2TS
3 S
= e

Prove that L8E)} 2(1-e)

whece At) = SSsin at

Chonge of Scale Toroperdty

1 LSPE) : FS) , then Ljfat)f - F(
Proof
-St
LSP(at)} = epat)dt at = þ
 a

= F ) (Pacoved)
B Laplace Jnomsfopm of Derivatiyes
|If L3(E)} = F(S) then

L - s'FG)- Po) -s?po) -

-sfh-2)
o) -gho)
where p ) = J'pc)
Proof
LFe)} - -st de
dt
dt

O0

es) t) dt
- Po) tSF(S)
L[PC] =sF$)- Po)
Let 9(t) = P'(t)
L[gct)] = s GS) - go)
> L[P"e)= sL{P} - Fo)
s[sF)- fo)]- o)
=$ FS) - sfo) - P'O)

Similot
L[P"Ct)]- `F(S)- sPo) - sfo) -f'o)
 Multiplication by pocoeos of t
1P L/P(t)=FS), them
. F(s) n= l,2,3, --
dsh
Poroof
F(S) == stp(t) dt
dFS)
ds
=
JleStp]dt
|- tetp(t) dt

> (-)dFS)
ds
- e t r } dt

’ The theonem is tua fom n=1.

Let, the theoem is toue for
FS)

’ (- dsm F(G) = estmpE) dt

F(S) =- s)ePe} dt

FS) = t
(m+)
F (S) =

is toue for
lhis pKOVe• that the theo em
ohen it is tocue fox n=m
> Hence it is toue for ny positive integer
(Pocoved)
 Exgrapleo
7. Evaluate
Lsinlat)- at cos (at)f
&ra Lsinat)- at cos at)f
= Ljsin (at) - a Lt cos(at)f
S+ar a(-)sa)
s+a-Rs
s+ar (s+o)
a (a- s) 243
a
S+ar
(Am
(S+a"

1s (g- 3) 18s
(s+g)3 (s+)
E Laplace Trons form of Integoa
| L$PCE} - F(S), then
LËfHu)du - tF).
pt

Psoofi t
|Let, gt) = fu)du
8 Co) = o
amd g'Ct) = dt

.: L{3e5 - sLi)} - 8%)

FS) (Psaved)
2)

R Division by t_ß
I L$FE)} =F(s) ,then
, o0

Prooofi
St p(t) dt
F(S) = J est
Lntegating this w.n.t. s Pnom S to 0, we get
JF) ds = Jds
=

est p(e) dt
S

As s omd t independent vaia bl es, hence

mdex of integzation in the apeated integxal
am
|Cam be intechamged
SFG) ds=
dtet ple) ds
f(t) dt e-Stds
est p(t) dt
t
t

C
e -= Lfe(Psaved)
Exomples
8. Find the Laplace tronform of d

Arn Let, lz):

fe)= -e > t ) l e 2t
t

Li-et} L0- (e)

S+2

|L{P)} = J()ds
 0

og(i2)|
- [4og 1 - kog (ir2)|
t
As L -=FS)
log (I+ ) (ara)
-2%
dx

o. Find L S'Sin*dx
Arp cot(s).
[Link] Lapace tramfonm of
cost n et cost , m)eat t
9
(n-)!
Are s+2 (s-)+ 22
s(s+4) (s-) (s-)"+9f

(S+ay'