QUARTER 1 - MODULE 3
Ethnocentrism and
Cultural Relativism
GROUP 3
Objectives:
Become aware of why and how
cultural relativism mitigates
ethnocentrism
Identify forms of tangible and
intangible heritage and the threats to
these.
Value cultural heritage and express
pride of place without being
ethnocentric.
Review:
What is the different aspect of culture?
Why culture is important in our society?
Ethnocentrism and
cultural relativism
Ethnocentrism
is a bent to believe that one’s culture is
superior or above other cultures. the
ethnocentric view considers one’s own
culture as the “center of everything,” seeing
the world only from the perspective of one’s
own culture judging another culture solely
by the values, and standards of one’s own
culture.
A Different Perspective:
Cultural Relativism
Cultural Relativism
Begs us to respect differences, always taking
into consideration the cultural context in
which a behavior or practice belongs. By
taking an insider’s perspective or an Emic
perspective in studying cultural groups, and
their practices, one can gather a richer and
more comprehensive understanding of the
subjects at hand.
Forms of Tangible
and Intangible
Heritage
According to the ideas of Franz Boas, a culture
is a product of the unique history it had gone
through. Thus, to understand a specific culture,
one must also understand what the culture was
in the past. By studying a culture’s history, one
can have insights about how its material and
non-material culture have evolved.
Concept of Heritage
Heritage refers to anything that is being
passed down from one generation to
another. It could be related to acquiring
something from birth, like how infants inherit
the social status of their parents. It could also
refer to the inheritance of property, such as a
father entrusting his estate to his son. In
studying culture, the concept of heritage is
also very relevant.
Cultural Heritage
According to the United Nations
Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO), “is the legacy
of physical artifacts and intangible
attributes of a group or society that are
inherited from past generations,
maintained within the present and
bestowed for the advantage of future
generations”.
Cultural Heritage
Cultural heritage is a representation of a
particular group’s way of living that is
passed down from one generation to
[Link] that was received
from a culture’s ancestors that are still
present in the culture’s current form can
be considered as part of its cultural
heritage.
Two Categories of
Cultural Heritage
Tangible
it is an objects that are part of a culture
which were passed on from one generation
to another. a concrete and physical heritage
of a culture. It is composed of both movable
and immovable cultural heritage.
Movable cultural
heritage
Artifacts or objects that can
be easily transported, such
as sculptures, musical
instruments, clothing, and
tools for livelihood.
Immovable cultural
heritage
It includes structures such
as monuments, buildings, or
even a whole town.
Intangible
A form of cultural heritage which
has no material dimension;
examples of intangible heritage are
folklore, rituals, social practices, and
customs.
QUIZ # 3
Quiz #3
1. What does cultural relativism encourage us to do when
examining another culture?
A. Compare it to our own culture
B. Respect differences and consider the cultural context
C. Decide which culture is better
D. Change other cultures to match our own
2. What does an ethnocentric individual believe?
A. All cultures are equal
B. Their own culture is superior, more proper, and more normal
C. Every culture must be judged fairly
D. Cultures should never be compared
Quiz #3
[Link] does the concept of heritage mainly refer to?
A. Learning new customs from other cultures
B. Anything passed down from one generation to
another
C. Creating new traditions for future generations
D. Changing one’s social status through effort
[Link] of the following are examples of heritage?
A. Passing down properties
B. Handing over estate to son
C. Inheriting social status
D. All of the above
Quiz #3
5. Tangible heritage includes which two types?
A. Songs and dances
B. Movable and immovable objects
C. Rituals and customs
D. Beliefs and values
6. Which term refers to physical objects that are part
of a culture?
A. Intangible heritage
B. Tangible heritage
C. Modern culture
D. Social practices
Quiz #3
[Link] of the following is an example of tangible
heritage?
A. A traditional dance
B. A religious ritual
C. An old historical building
D. A festival chant
8. Which term refers to physical objects that are part
of a culture?
A. Intangible heritage
B. Tangible heritage
C. Modern culture
D. Social practices
Quiz #3
9. Intangible heritage refers to things that are:
A. Physical and concrete
B. Passed down only through books
C. Non-physical practices and traditions
D. Found only in museums
10. Which is an example of intangible heritage?
A. Ancient pottery
B. Traditional musical performances
C. Old tools
D. Heritage houses
Thanks
for
Listening