PROJECT REPORT

For

Common Biomedical Waste Treatment Plant

AT

VPO Jandli Khurd,

Tehsil Bhuna, Distt
Fatehabad 125111

Submitted by

Medvigor Waste Management Pvt. Ltd.

Through:

Avinashpreet ( Director )

Rahul Choudhary ( Director )

 Executive Summary

1. INTRODUCTION
There are various kinds of wastes generated within our society and
includes: Municipal Solid Wastes, Hazardous Wastes, Bio-medical
Wastes, E-Wastes, Battery Wastes, Plastic Wastes, Radioactive Wastes
etc. Bio-medical wastes are those wastes, which are generated from
health care establishments and veterinary.
Management of Bio-medical wastes first time governed under the Bio-
Medical Waste Management and Handling Rule,1998and its subsequent
amendments. Currently the Bio- medical waste management and
handling rule 2016 is in place.
Disposal of Bio-medical waste is carried out either inhouse by a health
care establishment or by a common bio-medical waste treatment and
disposal facility
A common bio-medical waste treatment and disposal facility is a set up
where biomedical waste generated from a member health care
facilities is imparted necessary treatment to reduce adverse effects
that this waste may pose on human health and environment, The
treated recyclable waste may finally be sent for disposal in a secured
landfill or for recycling.

This report includes the identification and prediction of environmental

impacts due to the proposed project along with an Environmental
Management Plan both for the construction and operation phase on
the basis of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification
dated September 14, 2006.

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The project is having an area of 0.9 acres (approx. 3600 m2). The
components in the project will have one static kiln incinerator of
capacity 250 kg/hr, one standby of 250 kg/hr capacity “as and when
required”, one autoclaves having capacity of 850 l/hr each and one
standby of same capacity, one shredder having capacity of 200 kg/hr
each. The project will cater health care establishment from the district
of Morena, Bhind and its neighboring districts. The project will be
capable of handling wastes more than 10000 beds.

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The baseline environmental status was assessed based on primary

data collected through on-site field observations and secondary data
obtained from agencies such as IMD, Geological Survey of India, State
Ground Water Department, Central Ground Water Board, State
Pollution Control Board, Census of India and Local Forest Department.
The following environmental components were focused at during this
study:
  Land Environment (Soil, Geology, Hydrogeology, Land use)
 Water Environment (Quality and Quantity of Surface and Groundwater
sources)
 Air Environment (Ambient Air Quality)
 Noise Environment (Ambient Noise Quality)
 Biological Environment (Terrestrial and Aquatic Flora & Fauna)
 Socio-Economic Environment (Demographic profile)

4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

MEASURES Impacts:
 Impact of the project during construction phase, operation phase has been
predicted.
 Impact in air due to the construction and operation stages of the
project were predicted quantitatively using models such as AERMOD
for air dispersion calculations.
 Impact on ground water and noise level has been predicted.
 It is summed up that the impacts are minimum and temporary in nature

Mitigation Measures:

Air Pollution

 During the construction phase, operation of construction equipment

and vehicles will be the main sources of pollution. A dust control plan
will be implemented and regular maintenance of vehicles and
equipment will be carried out.

 During the operation phase, emissions from Incinerator and emissions

due to vehicular movement. Adequate mitigation measures shall be
implemented.

Noise Pollution

 During the construction phase, the ambient noise level is low in the
project site. There will be no major noise generating activity in the
project. As the nearest habitation is more than 1 km from the project
site, no significant impact is envisaged during construction phase of
the project.

 During the operation phase, Major source of noise generation is from

the operation of shredder. It is estimated that the shredder may
generate about 80 dB(A) noise during shredding if the shredder is in
open condition. To mitigate the noise generated from the shredder it
will be kept on a rubber base. The cover of the shredder hopper will
have rubber capping around so as to seal the hopper top and the
cover.
 Water Pollution
 During the construction phase, water from tanker shall be used so
there will be no impact on Ground Water. The vehicle washing area will
have concrete flooring with tiles, proper drainage channel that
connects to the ETP. Proper toilet facility will be provided for the
workers.

 During operation phase, Ground water quality may be impacted due to

leaching of medical waste from the stores and operation [Link]
may flow in the operation areas and store areas during operation and
storage, and flow to the open area, percolate to the ground and
contaminate the ground water and also the surrounding [Link]
water contamination is also likely to occur due to leaching of oil and
other lubricant storage [Link] water from vehicle washing may
also leach to ground water and contaminate the ground water. To
mitigate all these impacts All oil, lubricants and waste oils will be
stored in impermeable containers and the containers will be kept on
the concrete flooring/ tarpaulin [Link] vehicle washing area will
have concrete flooring with tiles, proper drainage channel that
connects to the ETP. Proper toilet facility will be provided for the
workers.

Ecology

No Significant impact of Ecology and Biodiversity has been assessed

as there is no tree cutting involved in the project and no nesting and
breeding ground were found.

Socio Economic Environment

 The proposed project will lead to employment generation and will have
a positive impact on the socio economic environment. Preference to
local population shall be given and adequate mitigation measures will
be ensured to reduce odor emissions and disease vectors from
proposed site. No R & R plan is applicable.

5. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN

Environmental monitoring plan has been formed as a part of the EIA

report to ensure that there is no vulnerable change in the environmental
parameters due to the project and the proposed Management Plan is
being implemented.

6. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Various risk and hazard parameters were analyzed in the study.

 [Link] Name Hazardo Materi Name Operati Type Control
. of us als in Of The ng Of Measures
plant Process the Vessel Parame Hazar Provided
and proces And ter s ds
Operati s/ Its Possi
on operati Locati ble
on on
with
their
Quanti
ty
1. Incinerati Incinerati Yellow Primary Temperat Fire, 1] Fully
on on category chamber u Explosi Automatic
plant waste and re o 2]
secondary 8500C – n, Emergency
chamber , primary Burn Local Stop
Incinerati chamber 3] Fire
on and Extinguishe
area 10500C – r
secondar (CO2)
y 4] PPE
chamber 5]Emergen
cy
Provision
for
Fire
Brigade
from
outside
source.

2. Auto- Sterilizati Red Autoclave Temp. Fire, 1] Fully

clave on
Category around Health automatic
Waste 135 oC& Hazard Computer
2.2 based
Kg./sq.c automation
m
pressure 2]
Emergency
Local Stop
3] PPE

7. PROJECT BENEFITS

Though this project is a small capacity project, it is expected that about

45 workers will be employed during operation of the project. The project
is estimated to incur cost of 2.79 crores (estimated cost of the project
may finally vary till completion of the project). Two percent of the
project cost will be spent as a part of corporate environment
responsibility
8. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The project proponent will be responsible for implementing the

Environmental Management Plan. For the effective implementation of the
EMP, an Environmental Management System (EMS) will be established at
the proposed project. The EMS will include the following:-
 An Environmental Management cell
 Environmental Monitoring Program
 Personnel Training
 Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action
 Documentation – Standard operating procedures Environmental
Management Plans and other records.
 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
Ltd.
Chapter-1
Introduction
Improper management of waste generated in health care facilities
causes a direct health impact on the community, the health care
workers and on the environment. Every day, significant amount of
potentially infectious bio-medical waste is generated around the world.
Indiscriminate disposal of bio-medical waste and exposure to such
waste possess serious threat to environment and to human health and
so bio-medical waste requires specific treatment and management prior
to its final disposal. Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change
(MoEFCC), Govt. of India has introduced the new notification as
Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016 based on draft Biomedical
Waste (Management & handling) 2011, under the Environment
(Protection) act 1986 which replaced the earlier Biomedical waste
(management & handling) rules, 1998. In accordance with the rules,
every occupier of a healthcare establishment (HCE) shall either set up
requisite biomedical waste treatment facilities on site or ensure
requisite treatment of the biomedical waste at an approved common
treatment facility. It is to ensure that no untreated biomedical waste
shall be kept stored beyond a period of 48 hours. According to Bio-
Medical Waste Management Rules 2016, Bio-Medical Waste (BMW)
means “any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment
or immunization of human beings or animals or research activities
pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biological or in
health camps”. The treated waste may finally be sent for disposal after
incineration or for recycling purposes. Installation of individual
treatment facilities by small healthcare units requires comparatively
high capital investment. In addition, it requires separate manpower and
infrastructure development for proper operation and maintenance of
treatment systems. The concept of CBWTF not only addresses such

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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problems but also prevents proliferation of treatment equipment in a
city. In turn it reduces the monitoring pressure on regulatory agencies.
By running the treatment equipment at CBWTF to its full capacity, the
cost of treatment per kilogram gets significantly reduced especially with
the introduction of new Biomedical Waste Management Rules in 2016
which prescribes the standards for dioxin & furans from incinerator. Its
considerable advantages have made CBWTF popular and proven
concept in many developed countries. CBWTF as an option has been
legally introduced in India. The Bio-medical Waste

Management Rules makes it mandatory for the bio-medical waste

generator within 150 km radius to treat the biomedical waste at the
CBWTF. The Government of India has made it mandatory for all
developmental projects to prepare a detailed EIA study so that the
impacts of the proposed developmental activity can be predicted and a
suitable management plan can be implemented before commissioning
the project. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) serves as a useful
tool in prediction of potential impacts on the surrounding environment
due to establishment and operation of the project. It helps the project
proponent, impact assessment authorities, regulatory agencies and
other stakeholders in understanding the project, environmental impacts
and mitigation measures, and establishing emission requirements and
other measures early in the project cycle. This report describes the
project location, baseline environmental scenario, potential impacts of
the project on the environment and proposed measures for effective
environment management during the project cycle (Environmental
Management Plan during construction and operation stage of the
project).

Identification of the project and project proponent

The project is construction and operation of a common biomedical
treatment and disposal facility
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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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The project is being developed by Medvigor Waste
Management Pvt. Ltd. The Project Proponent is Mr.
Avinashpreet, Rahul Choudhary
Designation: Directors
Correspondence Address: VPO Jandli Khurd Tehsil Bhuna Distt
fatehabad 125111 Contact No.: 8607630026.

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Brief Description of nature, size, location of the project and its
importance to the country, region
Nature of the project:

The proposed project is for construction and operation of Common Bio-

medical Waste Treatment and Disposal Facility. The project site is
spread over an area of 0.9 Acre (3600 m2) and is located at GAA23,
MIDC, Malanpur, Ghirongi, District Bhind, M.P.-477117.
This project will collect wastes (as categorized under the Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules, 2016) generated from all health care
establishments from Morena, Bhind district and also nearby districts.
The collected waste will be transported to the project site, treated and
disposed-off as per the stipulated options provided in the Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules, 2016.
Size of the project
The project is having an area of 0.9 acres (approx. 3600 m2). The
components in the project will have one static kiln incinerator of
capacity 250 kg/hr, one standby incinerator of 250 kg/hr capacity as
and when required, one autoclave having capacity of 850 l/hr each (one
as standby of same capacity) and one shredder having capacity of 200
kg/hr each (one as standby). The project will cater health care
establishment from the district of Fatehabad and its neighboring
districts located within 75 km radius (covering more then 10000 beds).
Location of the project
The project site having an area of 0.9 acres is located at VPO Jandli
Khurd, Tehsil Bhuna Distt. Fatehabad. The project site at present in
notified industrial area where the industrial activity practiced, state
highway located at the distance of 2 K.M.
Importance of the project to the country, region
Importance to the country: As per Annual Report of 2014 submitted by
the SPCBs/PCCs, there are 192 no. of CBWTFs in operation and 33 no.

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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of CBWTFs are under construction.1There is still a gap in the number of
CBWTFs in districts with low population density and districts which are
economically weaker. Therefore, in order to have even outreach all over
the country, the number of CBWTFs must have an established facility to
cater such economically weaker districts.

Cost of the project

The project cost is estimated to be about 2.79 crores approx. The cost
wise breakup of the components is given in table 1.1 below:
Table 1.1: Component wise cost breakup of the project
Sl Components Cost in
Lakhs
1 Land 40
2 Civil construction 40
4 Incinerator Fixed 70
5 Online Flue Gas Monitoring in Incinerators 6.5
6 Online Flue Gas monitoring in stack 6.5
7 Autoclave 2 25
8 Shredder 2 7
9 ETP 15
10 Generator 20
11 Vehicles with attachment facility 35
12 Preliminary expenses 7
13 Miscellaneous Expenses 7
Total 279

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Chapter-2 Project Description

This chapter gives a brief introduction of categorization of Bio-medical

waste and type of waste accepted by this CBWTF project. This chapter
also described the details of area, location and construction allied
activities in this CBWTF and how collection and treatment is proposed.
Categorization of Bio-medical waste
Bio-medical waste generated from health care establishment has been
categorized under various categories depending upon the type of wastes
and treatment & disposal options1Since all wastes generated by the
health care establishments are not treated in CBWTF, Table 2.1
describes the categorization of a bio-medical wastes and their
acceptance in this CBWTF project.
Table 2.1: Biomedical Wastes Categories and their segregation,
collection, treatment, processing and disposal options
Catego Type of Type of Treatment and Applicability
ry Waste Bag or Disposal Options i
Container n this project
to be used
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(a) Yellow Incineration or Acceptance
Human coloured Plasma of the wastes
Anatomical non- Pyrolysis or deep in this
Waste: chlorinated burial project: Yes
Human plastic
tissues, bags Treatment
organs, method:
body parts Incineration
and at
fetus below temperature
the at 1050 +
viability 50° C
period
(as per
the
Medical
Yellow Termination
of
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Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Pregnancy
Act
1971,
amend
ed
from time
to
time).

(b)Animal
Anatomical
Waste :
Experimental
animal
carcasses,

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Catego Type of Type of Treatment and Applicability
ry Waste Bag or Disposal Options i
Container n this project
to be
used
(1) (2 (3 (4 (5
) ) ) )
body
parts
,
organs,
tissues,
including the
waste
generated
from
animals
used in
experiments
or
testing in
veterinary
hospitals
o
r colleges or
animal houses
(c) Soiled Incineration or Acceptance
Waste: Items Plasma Pyrolysis of the wastes
contaminated or deep burial In in this
with blood, absence of above project: Yes
body fluids facilities, autoclaving
like or micro- Treatment
dressings, waving/hydroclaving method:
plaster casts, followed by Incineration
cotto shredding or at
n swabs and mutilation or temperature
bags combination of 105
containing sterilization 0
residual and shredding. + 50° C
or Treated waste to be
discarded sent for
bloo energy recovery.
d and
bloo
d
components.
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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
Yellow
Ltd.
(d) Expired Yellow Expired cytotoxic Acceptance
or coloured drugs and items of the wastes
Discarded non- contaminated with in this
Medicines: chlorinated cytotoxic drugs to be project: Yes.
Pharmaceutica plastic returned back to the
l waste bag manufacturer or Treatme
like s or supplier for nt
antibiotics, containers incineration at method:
cytotoxic temp Incinerat
drugs >1200°C or to ion
including common bio-medical
all items wast
contaminated e treatment facility
with or hazardous waste
cytotoxic treatment, storage
drugs along &disposal facility for
with glass or incineration at
plastic >1200°C or
ampoules, Encapsulation or
vials etc. Plasma Pyrolysis
at
>12000C. All other
discarded medicines
shall be either
sent back to

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Catego Type of Type of Treatment and Applicability
ry Waste Bag or Disposal Options i
Container n this project
to be
used
(1) (2 (3 (4 (5
) ) ) )
manufacturer or
disposed
by incineration.
(e) Yellow Disposed of Acceptance
Chemic coloured by of the wastes
al Waste: containers incineration or in this
Chemicals or non- Plasma Pyrolysis or project: Yes
used in chlorinated Encapsulation in
production plastic hazardous waste Treatment
of bags treatment, storage method:
biological and disposal facility. Incineration
an
d used or
discarded
disinfectants.
(f) Separate After resource Acceptance
Chemic collection recovery, the of the wastes
al Liquid system chemical liquid waste in this
Waste : leading shall be pre-treated project: NO
Liquid t before mixing with
waste o effluent other wastewater. Treatment
generated due treatment The combined method: None
to use of system discharge shall at this CBWTD
chemicals in conform to the site
production of discharge norms
biological given in Schedule III.
and
used or
discarded
disinfectants,
Silver X-ray
film
developing
liquid,
discarded
Formalin,
infected
secretions,
aspirated
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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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body fluids,
liquid from
laboratories
and floor
washings,
cleaning,
house-
keeping
an
d disinfecting

Yellow (g) Non- Non- chlorinated Acceptance

Discarde chlorinated chemical disinfection of the wastes
d linen, yellow followed by in this
mattresses, plastic incineration or project: Yes
beddings bags Plasma Pyrolysis or
contaminated o for energy recovery. Treatment
with blood r In absence of above method:
or body suitab facilities, shredding Disinfection
fluid. le or mutilation followed
packin or b
g combination y
materi o incineration
al f sterilization and at
shredding. Treated temperature
waste to be sent for 105
energy recovery 0
or + 50° C

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Catego Type of Type of Treatment and Applicability
ry Waste Bag or Disposal Options i
Container n this project
to be
used
(1) (2 (3 (4 (5
) ) ) )
incineration or
Plasma
Pyrolysis.
(h) Autoclave Pre-treat to sterilize Acceptance
Microbiology safe with non-chlorinated of the wastes
, plasti chemicals on-site as in this
Biotechnolog c per National AIDS project: NO
y and bags or Contr
other containers ol Treatment
clinical Organization or method: None
laboratory World Health at this CBWTD
waste: Organizati site
Blood on guidelines
bags, thereafter for
Laborator Incineration.
y cultures,
stocks or
specimens
of
microorganis
ms, live or
attenuated
vaccines,
human
and animal
cell
cultures used
in research,
industrial
laboratories,
production
of
biological,
residual
toxins,
dishes
an
d devices used
for cultures.
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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
Red
Ltd.
Contamina Red Autoclaving or micro- Acceptance
ted Waste coloured waving/ hydro- of the wastes
(Recyclabl non- claving followed by in this
e) chlorinated shredding or project: Yes
(a) Wastes plastic mutilation or
generated bag combination of Treatment
from s or sterilization and method:
disposable containers shredding. Treated Autoclaving
items such as waste to be sent to followed
tubing, registered or b
bottles, authorized recyclers y shredding
intravenous or for energy and then sent
tubes and recovery or plastics to authorized
sets, to diesel or fuel oil or recyclers.
catheters, for road making,
urine bags, whichever is possible.
syringes Plastic waste should
(without not be sent to landfill
needles and sites.
fixed needle
syringes) and
vacutainers
with

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Catego Type of Type of Treatment and Applicability
ry Waste Bag or Disposal Options i
Container n this project
to be
used
(1) (2 (3 (4 (5
) ) ) )
their needles
cut)
and gloves
White Waste Puncture Autoclaving or Dry Acceptance
(Transluce sharps proof, Heat Sterilization of the wastes
nt) including Lea followed by in this
Metals: k proof, shredding or project: Yes
Needles, tamper mutilation or
syringes with proof encapsulation in Treatment
containers metal container or method:
fixed cement concrete; Autoclaving
needles, combination of followed
needles shredding b
from needle cu y
tip cutter m autoclaving; and shredding
or burner, sent for final disposal an
scalpels, to iron foundries d deep burial.
blades, or (having consent to In case of tie-
any operate from the up with an iron
other State Pollution foundry, the
contaminated Control Boards or waste will be
sharp object Pollution Control sent to iron
that may Committees) or foundry.
cause sanitary landfill or
puncture and designated concrete
cuts. This waste sharp pi
includes
both
used
,
discarded
an
d
contaminated
metal sharps

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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
Blue
Ltd.
(a) Cardboard Disinfection (by Acceptance
Glasswar boxes soaking the washed of the wastes
e: Broken with glass waste after in this
or blue cleaning with project: Yes
discarded colore detergent and
and d marking Sodium Hypochlorite Treatment
contaminated treatment) or method:
glass through autoclaving Autoclaving
includi or microwaving or and then
ng medicine hydro- claving and sent
then sent for for
vials recycling. recycling.
and
ampoul
es except
those
contaminated
with
cytotox
ic wastes.
Cardboard
boxes
wit
h
blue
colore
d marking

1 Schedule Part 1-Biomedical waste categories and their segregation, collection, treatment and disposal
options – Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Notification G.S.R. 343€ dated 28th
March 2016.

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Type of Project
The proposed project is construction and operation of a common
biomedical waste treatment facility (CBWTF) where wastes as per
Table 2.1 will be collected from various health care establishments and
transported to the project site for treatment and disposal. The project
site is having an area of 0.9 acres (3600 sq. m) and located at Plot No.
GAA-23, MIDC, Malanpur Ghirongi, District Bhind, M.P. The waste
received at the project site will be disposed/ treated as prescribed
under the guideline of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
It is estimated that about one tenth of the waste would be autoclaved
and the balance incinerated. It is also estimated that about 5% of the
total treated waste would have to be land filled.
Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country and State
The project is being perceived to cater to a large number of small and
medium sized health care establishments in the private sector as well
Government establishments.
Location of the Project, Size and Nature of the Project
 The proposed project site is located at VPO Jandli Khurd, Tehsil Bhuna
Distt Fatehabad. The land proposed for developing the project is
having an area of 0.9 acres (3600 sq. m).

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 Project site is shown in Figure 2.1 and site coordinates of the project
site are given in Table 2.2. Project site and surrounding is shown in
Figure 2.2, layout plant is depicted in Figure 2.3 and components of
the project is given in Table 2.3 below.
 The proposed project will be established and operated by JRR Waste
Management Pvt. Ltd. After careful consideration of environmental
parameters, logistics, distances from the sources of waste
generation etc. JRR Waste Management Pvt. Ltd. has selected the
project site in notified industrial area Malanpur Ghirongi Longitude-
78.1609E, Latitude-26.2048N.
 The project confirms to the location criteria as prescribed in the
Revised Guidelines for Common Biomedical Waste Treatment
Facilities by the Central Pollution Control Board dated 21 December
2016. There is no residential and sensitive area within 500m of the
project site.

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Figure 2.2: Project Layout Plan

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Table 2.3: Project Components and Land Utilization Statement of the
project site

S.N Type Sq m %
o
1 Total Plot Area 3600. 10
00 0
2 Ground Floor Covered Area 800.0
(office & 0
shade)
3 Check Post covered area 20.00
4 Total ground covered area 820.0
0
5 Mumty covered area 22.00
6 Total covered area 842.0
0
7 Ground floor open area 2758.
00

Green area proposed for this project is 900 sq m which is

approx 30% of total plot area.

a Size and Magnitude of Project

 The total cost of the project is estimated to be Rs. 2.5 Cr (Two and
half Crores). The following are the proposed equipment to be
installed in the project.
Table 2.4: Project Components
Incinerator 250 Kg/hr (one stand by
incinerator
may be installed)
Autoclave 850 Lit/hr
Shredder 200 Kg/hr
ETP 14 KLD

 Activities related to the project can be divided into two phases –

Construction Phase and Operation Phase. Different activities
associated in these phases are defined below –
Table 2.5: Construction phase activities
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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Sl. Activiti
No. es
1 Construction of Site Boundary and guard room
2 Site Clearance for vegetation
3 Site Leveling
4 Construction of temporary office & material Stores
5 Construction of foundation
6 Construction of building components like Admin Building,
Incineration
Block, Autoclave/shredder block, Stores, ETP etc.

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Sl. Activiti
No. es
1 Construction of Shed Areas
2 Storage and handling of construction materials like
sand/cement/aggregate
3 Operation of concrete mixer
4 Cutting of metals
5 Welding of metals
6 Installation and commissioning of Incinerator
7 Construction of services like water supply line, Wastewater
drainage line,
ETP, Storm water drains, Electrical transformer /Electrical
lines etc.
8 Construction of internal roads
9 Green belt and landscaping

Table 2.6: Operation phase activities

Sl. Activiti
No. es
1 Collection of biomedical wastes from different Health Care
Facilities
2 Transportation of Wastes from HCFs to Project Site
3 Segregation of wastes
4 Operation of Incinerator
5 Operation of Autoclave
6 Operation of Shredder
8 Handling of Sharps
9 Vehicle Cleaning
10 Operation of ETP
11 Green belt and landscape management

Project Description
An integrated bio-medical waste management system must look into
various stages of the process. The Common Bio-Medical Waste
Management Facility Process Flow Chart is given below in Figure 2.3.

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TSDF

Figure 2.3 Flow diagram for Common Bio-medical Waste Management

Facility

The key components can be broadly classified into the following:

Waste Collection:
All health care establishments will be provided with colour coded non
chlorinated plastic bags as per Bio Medical Waste Management Rules,
2016for different kind of wastes. Training will be provided to all the
health care establishment staffs regarding segregation of waste at the
point of generation and storage of wastes with respect to the colour
coded bags. Segregation of waste will be done by the staffs at the
health care establishment. The segregated wastes in colour coded bags
will be collected from the premises of the health care establishments,
weighed and put in the waste carrying vehicle. Coloured bags handed
over by the healthcare units will be collected in similar coloured
containers with proper cover. Each bag will be labeled as per Schedule
IV of the Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules 2016 as well as with bar
coding system. The coloured containers will be strong enough to
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withstand any possible damage that may occur during loading,
transportation or unloading of such containers. These containers will
also be labeled as per Schedule IV of

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the Bio-medical Waste Management Rules. Sharps will be collected in
puncture resistant containers.

Waste Transport:
 Transportation of Bio-medical waste to the Common Bio-medical
Waste Treatment Facility
 The project proponent intend will deploy 4 (four) nos. closed type
waste carrying vehicles. One vehicle will be kept as stand by to be
used in case of emergency or break down of any vehicle in order to
provide uninterrupted waste collection system.
 It will be ensured that Bio-medical waste generated from the Health
Care Establishments will be collected on daily basis and be disposed-
off on daily basis.
 Only in case of emergency, even if the collection of waste is being
delayed, it will still be ensured that the disposal of collected waste
must not exceed 48 hours.
 However, the above mentioned duration waste collection and disposal
system may not be applicable in case of strike or disruption of law
and order in the area under any circumstance. In such case, the
health care system will be informed regarding the said situation.
 Facility / unit will ensure that there are no environmental or human
health impacts while collecting & transporting Bio-Medical waste.

Technology and process equipment

 Incinerator – One number of 250 kg/hr capacity Fixed Hearth
incinerator has been proposed for this project. In future, one more
incinerator may be installed as stand by unit. Description of 250 kg/hr
fixed hearth incinerator is given below:

Table 2.7: Incinerator description

Ite 250 kg/hr Fixed Hearth
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 Medvigor Waste Management Pvt.
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Model AR-BMW-250
Number of Chambers 2 nos.
Primary Chamber Fixed
Furnace Type Fixed
Fuel Diesel Fired

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Fuel consumption (Maximum) 35-40 l/hr
Electric load 90 KW (approx), 440 v 50 Hz, 3
phase
Primary Chamber
MOC of outer body Mild Steel, thickness 5 mm
Brick lining Fire brick and insulation brick
lining 230 mm thickness on each
side and shall confirm to IS:8-
1983 & IS:2042-1972 respectively
and suitable for temperature
upto 1400° C
Operation temperature 800 ± 50° C
Ash gate Brick lined
Side and top portion of the Will have rounded corners from
primary chamber inside to
avoid possibility of formation of
black pockets / dead zone
Manhole and ash discharge Fitted
doors
Raking system Manual
Thermocouple rod TC Rod K type fitted
Secondary Chamber
MOC of outer body Mild Steel, thickness 5 mm
Brick lining Fire brick and insulation brick
lining 230 mm thickness on each
side and shall confirm to IS:8-
1983 & IS:2042-1972 respectively
and suitable for temperature
upto 1400° C
Operation temperature 1050 ± 50° C
Gas residence time 2 Seconds
Suction pressure Provided
measurement
device
Manhole Provided
Temperature sensor TC Rod K type fitted
FD Fan
No. of Fans 1 No.
Type Centrifugal
Capacity 1200 CFM
MOC of outer body Mild steel
Motor 5 HP, 1440 rpm
Air flow measuring gauge Fitted
Automatic DFDV Waste Feeding System
MOC Mild Steel, thickness 5 mm

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Feeder with conveyor DFDV Feeder with gear box fitted
with 2
HP motor (2 nos.)
Opening of waste feeding Will be larger than the size of the
bag
Gas Burner in Primary Chamber
Quantity 2 Nos.

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Fuel LPG
Temperature control Automatic
Ignition Automatic
Blower with Motor Provided
Flame view port Provided
Sequence controller Provided
Gas Burner in Secondary Chamber
Quantity 1 No.
Fuel LPG
Temperature control Automatic
Ignition Automatic
Blower with Motor Provided
Flame view port Provided
Sequence controller Provided
Interconnecting Duct
MOC Mild Steel, thickness 3 mm
Refractory and Insulation Refractory lining of the hot duct
will be
done with refractory castable of
thickness 115 mm
Emergency Vent
MOC Mild Steel, thickness 3 mm
Refractory Lining 115 mm
Operation Through damper in case of power
failure

Table 2.8: Components of Fixed Hearth incinerator

A DFDV with conveyor H Water Tank with

droplet
separator
B Primary Chamber I Packed bed scrubber
C Secondary Chamber J Activated Carbon System
D FD Fan K Mist Eliminator
E Emergency Stack L ID Fan
F Quencher System M Chimney
G Venturi Scrubber N Control Panel

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Fig 2.4: Layout Plan of Fixed Hearth Incinerator 250 kg/hr

The waste will be fed by the hydraulic ram loader feeder through a
conveyor belt system. The primary chamber will have a temperature of
800°C ± 50°C. The combustion of waste will take place in this chamber.
The residue left will be in the form of ash. The flue gas from this
chamber will flow to the secondary chamber. This chamber will operate
at a temperature 1050°C ±50°C for further combustion of flue gases.
This will burn all the volatile gases and no generation of dioxins and
furans. The retention time for flue gases at the secondary chamber will
be more than two seconds. The flue gases will pass through quencher
system which will reduce the flue gas temperature from 1050°C to less
than 250°C in two seconds time to avoid regeneration of dioxins and
furans in the flue gas. The flue gas will pass then through different air
pollution control devices.

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Air Pollution Control Devices
Air pollution control devices are installed between the secondary
burning chamber and the stack. The flue gas passed through air
pollution control devised and finally emitted through stack will comply
with prescribed standards for particulate matter, HCl, NOX (NO and NO2
expressed as NO2), Dioxins/Furans, Hg and its compounds. The air
pollution control devices attached to the incinerator is as follows:
a) Quencher System: Keeping De-novo synthesis in the backdrop, the
quencher system will rapidly lower the flue gas temperatures,
particularly from 1250osup> C to less than 200osup> C. This will
eliminate the chance of generation of dioxin and furans during the
process of combustion. Further to this, the quencher system will
reduce the emission of Particulate Matters from the flue gas.

b) Venturi Scrubber: Alkaline scrubber will subsequently reduce

emission of Particulate matter in the flue gas. Further, Sulphur in the
feeding waste upon thermal oxidation forms Sulphur dioxide, which
requires wet scrubbing with hydrated lime or sodium hydroxide
injection. Besides, HCl and HF concentration will also be reduced.

c) Water tank with droplet separator: Here a drastic reduction in the

pollutants carried by the gases leaving gas-washing plants (i.e. the
quencher system and venture scrubber.

d) Packed bed scrubber: It has the capability to reduce pollutant

gases, acids & VOCs etc. from the flue gases.

e) Activated Carbon System: If the feeding waste contains mercury

and its compounds, there is a chance of these emissions to get air
borne. Therefore, activated carbon treatment will control these

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emissions by converting into mercuric chloride and then to mercuric
sulphide).

f) Mist eliminator: Eliminate mist in the flue gas before final discharge
through stack.

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Table 2.9: Description of Air Pollution Control Devices
Ite Detai
ms ls
Quencher
Quantity 1 No.
MOC Mild Steel, 3 mm thickness
Refractory Lining 115 mm with castable and insulite
Pipeline and Fitting SS 316 L
Water Recirculation Pump 1 HP, 2880 rpm
Venturi Scrubber
Type High pressure jet with spray
nozzles
MOC Stainless steel grade 316L / 5 mm
Pressure Drop 350 mmwc
Water Spray Nozzle Spiral nozzle, MOC – SS 316 L
Pipeline & Fitting Complete water pipeline MOC - SS
316
Flanges MOC SS 304
Manometer Provided
Flue gas temperature 70-80 °C
Droplet Separator
MOC / Thickness Mild Steel / 3 mm
Rubber lining 3 mm natural hard rubber
Baffle Provided
Water Recirculation Tank for Venturi Scrubber
MOC / Thickness SS 316 L / 3 mm
Rubber lining 3 mm natural hard rubber
Water Pump 5 HP, 2880 rpm
Caustic Tank Provided, 200 Lit
Packed Bed Scrubber with Water Tank
MOC / Thickness Mild Steel / 3 mm
Rubber lining 3 mm natural hard rubber
High Pressure Water Jet Spiral nozzle, MOC – SS 316 L
Nozzle
Pipeline & Fitting SS 316 L
Scrubbing Media PP Intalox Type Saddles
Water Recirculation Pump 1 HP, 2880 rpm
Activated Carbon System
MOC / Thickness Mild Steel / 3 mm
Rubber lining 3 mm natural hard rubber
Activated Carbon Bed Provided
Mist Eliminator
MOC / Thickness Mild Steel / 3 mm
Rubber lining 3 mm natural hard rubber
Media Sheet
ID Fan with Motor

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Type
Ltd. Centrifugal
Capacity 5500 CFM

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Static Pressure 650-700 mm wc
MOC of Outer Body Mild Steel, 3 mm
Rubber lining 3 mm natural hard rubber
MOC of Impeller SS 316 L
Balancing Dynamically and statically
Motor 40 HP, 1440 rpm
Drive Direct Drive
PLC Based Control Panel
MOC Powder coated pre wired
Tamper Proof Programmable Provided
Logic
Controller (PLC)
Temperature Indicator for Provided
Primary
and Secondary Chamber
Temperature Controller Provided
Flue Gas Temperature Provided
Indicator
Hooters / Alarms Provided
Interlocking Provided

Fig 2.5: Cross section of the incinerator

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 Autoclave 850 l/hr capacity (1 no.)
A low heat thermal process where steam is brought into direct contact with
waste in a controlled manner and for sufficient duration to disinfect the
wastes as stipulated under the Bio-medical waste management rules. It is a
high pressure rectangular autoclave and consists of chamber and jacket,
boiler, door, vacuum pump with motor and control panel.
The autoclave is horizontal type; Pre-vacuum base system has been
preferred instead of gravity type system. Control panel includes recording of
critical parameters such as time, temperature, pressure, date and batch
number.
Temperature to be maintained more than 121°C at pressure of 15 pounds
per square inch (psi) and the residence time will be more than 1 hour.

 Shredder 200 kg/hr (1no.)

Shredding is a process by which waste are de-shaped or cut into smaller
pieces so as to make the wastes unusable and unrecognizable. It helps in
prevention of reuse of bio-medical waste and also acts as identifier that the
wastes have been disinfected and are safe to dispose off. The shredder is of
robust design with minimum maintenance requirement.
The shredder is properly designed and covered to avoid spillage and dust
generation with minimal handling
The hopper and cutting chamber of the shredder will accommodate waste
bag full of bio-medical waste
The shredder blade is made of Stainless Steel so that it is highly resistance
and is able to shred waste sharps, syringes, scalpels, blades, plastics,
catheters, intravenous sets/bottles, blood bags, gloves, bandages etc. and
also can handle wastes from autoclave.
The shredder blade is non-corrosive and will not generate dust, high noise
and vibration as the shredder will be mounted on rubber platform.
The automatic shredder will not operate when the hopper lid or door of
collection box is opened. In case of shock loading, the shredder will
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automatically stop to avoid any accident.
In case of overload or jamming, the shredder will have a mechanism of
reverse motion of shaft to avoid accident
Motor will be connected to the shredder shaft through a gear mechanism to
ensure low rpm (less than 50 rpm for better gripping and cutting of waste)
and safety.

Discharge height (from discharge point to ground level) will be 3.5 feet to
accommodate the containers for collection of shredded materials.

 Vehicles
 Transportation vehicles to be fitted with GPS to track the movement of the
vehicle.
 Separate cabins will be provided for driver/staff as well as for placing the
designated colour coded bio-medical waste containers.
 Base of the waste cabin will be leak proof to avoid spillage of liquid
during transportation of waste.
 Waste cabin will be designed for storing waste containers in tiers and
provided with lighting provisions.
 Waste cabin will be designed so as to wash and disinfect easily.
 Inner surface of the waste cabin will be made of smooth surface to minimize
water retention.
 Rear or sides will have sufficient openings so that waste containers can
be easily loaded and unloaded.
 Vehicles will be labeled with Bio-Hazard symbol as per the Schedule IV of
the Mio-medical waste management and handling rule displaying name,
address and contact number of CBWTF
 Vehicle driver will have valid registration for the vehicle obtained from
the concerned transport authority, with a valid pollution under control
certificate issued by the authorized certificate issuing agency.
 It will be ensured that the waste collection will be done every day.
However, in worst case, waste collection time from any Health Care

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Establish shall not exceed 48 hours.

 Waste Disposal Sharp Pit/ Encapsulation -

Sharp pit or sharp encapsulation in a metal / cement container and will be

circular in shape. It will be lined with cement plastered brick masonry or
concrete rings. The pit will be covered with a heavy concrete slab with a
provision of galvanized steel pipe projecting about 1.5 m above the slab,
with an internal diameter of 50 mm. The top opening of the steel pipe will
have a provision

of locking after the treated waste sharps are disposed into the sharp pit.
When the pit is full, it will be sealed completely and another pit will be
prepared accordingly.
Since the unconfined ground water table near the project site is 12 m below
ground level during pre-monsoon and 8 m below ground level during post
monsoon (which is more than 5m as prescribed), it is safe to construct sharp
pit on site.

Incineration Ash Disposal-

Ash from incineration of biomedical waste shall be disposed of at Common
Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal Facility (CHWTSDF).

Liquid Waste Disposal –

Wastewater from the process of washing containers, vehicles, floors and also from
the quencher and scrubber unit will be treated within the project site through an
Effluent Treatment Plant of 14 KLD capacity.
The treatment unit will comprise of O&G trap, collection cum equalization tank,
Neutralization tank, chemical treatment tank, Clarifier tank, Sand filter, multi-media
activated carbon bed, pH correction tank to comply with the water recirculation
process. The treated effluent will be reused for quenching and scrubbing purposes.

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Fig.2.6: Effluent Treatment Plant Process Flow Diagram

Resource Utilization
Water - Water requirement for the project will be met through insite MIDC
supply.

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Table 2.10: Detail of water requirement, source and effluent
generation

Usage Source Qty of water, Effluent Treatmen

KLD generation, KLD t
Domestic Fresh 1.7 1.6 ETP
requirement
Floor Washing Fresh 1.7 1.6 ETP
Quencher and Recycled 2.4 2.2 ETP
Scrubber
Autoclave Fresh 2.1 2.0 ETP
Vehicle Cleaning Recycled 2.1 2.0 ETP
Landscaping Recycled 2.0 0 --
Total Water Required 12.0
KLD
Process Loss 2.4 KLD
Total Effluent generated 9.4 KLD
ETP Proposed 14 KLD
Treated Effluent obtained 9.4 KLD
Reuse of treated effluent 9.4KLD
Discharge 0

Power - Power requirement of approx. 90 KVA will be sourced through

MIDC Malanpur. In case of power failure, diesel based power generator set
of capacity 82 KVA will be used.

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Chapter-3
Project Benefits
 Improvements in the physical infrastructure
This project will not expected attract any improvement in physical
infrastructure since the area is isolated and no major habitation is within the
range of 500m. The site area falls under notified industrial area.
 Improvements in the social infrastructure
The project will definitely improve the social infrastructure of the Bhind and
Gwalior district and also the neighboring districts where the services are
expected to be catered. The proper collection of bio- medical waste will solve
the problem of accumulation of unattended wastes. This will lead to reduction
of direct contact with the people and stray animals. The health care
establishments will be able to comply with the Bio-medical waste
management and handling rule and people will have a healthy living
condition.
 Employment potential – skilled; semi-skilled and unskilled
Though this project is a small capacity project, it is expected that about 30-
40 workers will be employed during operation of the project.
The project is estimated to incur cost of 2.5 crores (estimated cost of the
project may finally vary till completion of the project). Two percent of the
project cost will be spent as a part of corporate environment responsibility.

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Chapter-4 Environment Cost Benefit Analysis

Introduction
Methodology of Cost-benefit analysis, including externalities, has been
used to evaluate some public sector investment projects since the
1930s, although the practice became more prevalent in the 1960s
(Marglin, 1967; McKean, 1967).
External effects of a project are usually defined as income or income-
equivalent welfare changes for individuals or groups not directly
affiliated with the project. A project generating external effects neither
receives nor makes a full financial payment to these individuals or
groups. In economic analysis, all environmental effects, both costs and
benefits, should be identified and, where possible, quantified.
Environmental effects can be quantified by measuring the change in
output that these effects cause in the economy. It is recognized,
however, that some environmental effects, because of their nature, do
not readily lend themselves to quantification.

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Table 4.1: Cost Benefit Analysis
Parameters Without Project Project Project
without with
Environme Environme
ntal ntal
Manageme Manageme
nt nt
Cost Component
Project Cost 0.00 200 lakhs 200 lakhs
EMP Capital Cost 0.00 0.00 63.95 lakhs
EMP Recurring 0.00 0.00 5.59lakhs/Annu
Cost m
Benefit Component
Bio-medical  Timely waste Everyday Everyday waste
waste collection and wastecollection and collection and
management in handling disposal disposal
the area difficulty
 Timely waste
disposal
difficulty
Health Benefit  Poor hygienic  Better hygienic  Better
condition near condition in hygienic
hospital area hospitals condition in
where wastes are hospitals
stored  Safe locality
 Impact due to  Safe locality
wastes coming in
direct contact with
humans and stray
animals
Social Benefit Unclean Clean Hospitals Clean
surroundings Clean city but Hospitals
negative Clean city
environmental
impact from the
project in
surrounding areas
CER funding No funding No funding Improvement in
local
community
Pollution due No impact High level of Controlled
to particulate matter emission
particulate dispersion due to
matters operation of
incinerator

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Pollution due to No impact High level release Controlled
fugitive emissions of gases and emission
and toxic gas dispersion due to
release operation of
incinerator
Ground Water Unattended wast Limited to No leaching
contamination leaching es leaching
to grou ground water
water nd

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Chapter-5 Environment Management Plan
Environment Management Cell
The Environmental Management Cell constitutes provision of an
Environmental Division, which should be supervised by the Project In-
charge of the site and assisted by environmental professionals and
external consultancy organization.
The task assigned should include compliances to all statutory guidelines,
conditions put forth under Environmental Clearance, Compliance to
Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate from SPCB, co-ordination
of studies, monitoring and implementation of environmental mitigation
measures and any other conditions as requires to be maintained under
Environmental Norms & Guidelines. The Environment Management Plan
shall be implemented in phases, so that optimum benefit could be
achieved and it should be synchronized with the construction schedules.
The company will engage one professional with environment
background, who will be responsible for looking after day to day
environmental compliances, maintaining log books and records. The
information will be reported to the project in-charge.
The Directors of this company will check and verify the records once in
a month. In case any specialized technical services/ audits are required,
the same can be obtained from any external professionals/ companies.
The company hierarchy will be in the structure mentioned below:

Director

Project In-charge

Environmental Professional

External Consultant

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 Chapter-6 Summary & Conclusions

 Overall justification for implementation of the project

The area, at present, is experiencing problem of timely
bio-medical waste collection and disposal from health
care establishments due to its distance from the existing
bio medical waste treatment facility located at Kanpur.
This project will eliminate the delay in collection and
treatment of bio-medical wastes generated in the district
and also the neighboring areas located within a radius of
75 km. Thus the project will have a positive impact on
the health and social environment.

 Explanation of how, adverse effects have been mitigated

This project will have a long term positive effect in the region.
Any kind of adverse effect arising out of the impacts due
to the project will be mitigated properly as per the
measure suggested in this EIA report. The measures will
be implemented, monitored closely and effectiveness of
the measures will be analyzed. If it is found that certain
changes are needed, the changes in the measures will be
implemented.