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Advanced Network Notes Part1

The document compares the OSI Reference Model, a theoretical 7-layer framework, with the TCP/IP model, a practical 4-layer suite used on the Internet, highlighting key differences in layers, development, and usage. It also discusses important design issues of the data link layer, including framing, error control, flow control, media access control, addressing, and link management. Additionally, it outlines services offered by the network layer, such as routing, logical addressing, packet forwarding, fragmentation, and error handling.

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kdkomal2005
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2 views1 page

Advanced Network Notes Part1

The document compares the OSI Reference Model, a theoretical 7-layer framework, with the TCP/IP model, a practical 4-layer suite used on the Internet, highlighting key differences in layers, development, and usage. It also discusses important design issues of the data link layer, including framing, error control, flow control, media access control, addressing, and link management. Additionally, it outlines services offered by the network layer, such as routing, logical addressing, packet forwarding, fragmentation, and error handling.

Uploaded by

kdkomal2005
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Advanced Network Concepts – Part 1

a) Compare OSI Reference Model and TCP/IP Model.


The OSI Reference Model is a theoretical 7-layer framework (Physical, Data Link,
Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application) that standardizes
network functions, while the TCP/IP model is a practical 4-layer suite (Network
Access, Internet, Transport, Application) used on the Internet.
Key Differences:
- Layers: OSI has 7 layers; TCP/IP has 4 layers.
- Development: OSI by ISO; TCP/IP by DARPA.
- Usage: OSI is conceptual; TCP/IP is implemented.
- Layer Mapping: OSI’s top three map to TCP/IP Application; OSI Physical+Data
Link = TCP/IP Network Access.

b) Explain the important design issues of the data link layer.


Framing: Defining frame boundaries.
Error Control: Detecting/correcting errors via CRC/retransmission.
Flow Control: Managing sender-receiver data rate (e.g., sliding window).
Media Access Control: Coordinating shared medium (CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA).
Addressing: Using MAC addresses.
Link Management: Establishing/terminating logical links.

c) Explain the different services offered by the Network layer.


Routing: Selecting paths for packet delivery.
Logical Addressing: Assigning IP addresses.
Packet Forwarding: Moving packets via routers.
Fragmentation/Reassembly: Splitting to fit MTU.
Error Handling/Diagnostics: ICMP messages for errors.

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