ENGINEERING DRAWING AND CAD
Subject Code :25BC01
L T P/D C
2 4 3
INTRODUCTION & SYLLABUS
[Link]
Professor of Mech Engg
SNIST
WhatsApp No 9550158070
YouTube Channel : Dr. Ravi’s Academy
What is Engineering ?
Engineering involves the application of the
principles of science and mathematics to
solve real world problems and to innovate
new products and processes across a wide
range of industries and applications.
Design of any [Link] Program (Engineering
course) includes the following :
60% - Core (Branch) Subjects
20% - Other Engg Subjects &
20% - Science & Humanities Subjects
What is Engineering
Drawing/Graphics?
• Drawing (Graphics) is the
Language of an Engineer which
describes ability to design future.
• It is meant for communicating his
ideas, thoughts and designs to
others.
Study of the drawing course will lead to the following
observations.
• It develops a type of discipline in graphical techniques.
• It develops ability to analyze and communicate ideas.
• It helps in imagining the proper size, shape & form of an
object.
• It helps in the study of other Engineering subjects.
• In engineering drawing the scales are used when there is
difficulty of drawing very large diagrams & very small
diagrams. Types of Scales: 1. FULL SIZE SCALE
2. REDUCING SIZE SCALE
3. ENLARGE SIZE SCALE
LENGTH OF DRAWING
REPRESENTATIVE FACTOR (R.F.) =
ACTUAL DIMENSION OF OBJECT
Use of Engg Drawing
SYLLABUS
UNIT – I : Introduction to Engineering Drawing, Drawing Instruments and
their uses, types of lines, Lettering, Dimensioning-Terms & notations,
placing of dimensions, general rules of dimensioning Scales(concepts).: RF,
Reducing, Enlarging and Full Scales.
Curves: Conic Sections including Rectangular Hyperbola - General method,
Cycloid and Involutes of circle
Introduction to CAD : Benefits of CAD, Graphic input and output devices
- Function performed by CAD Software, AUTOCAD-Drawing Entities,
Editing commands.
UNIT – II : Orthographic Projection: Principles of Projection – Methods
of projection, First angle and third angle projections.
Projections Points : Projections of Points, Projections of straight lines –line
inclined to one plane and line inclined to both reference planes
UNIT –III
Projections of regular Planes: types of planes, plane inclined to one
reference plane, Oblique planes
UNIT –IV
Projections of regular Solids: types of solids, Projections of: Prisms,
Cylinders, Pyramids, Cones – simple position and axis inclined to one
plane only
Sections and sectional views of Solids: Sections and Sectional views
of Right Regular Solids – Prism and Pyramid – Auxiliary views.
.
UNIT – V
Isometric Projection: Introduction, Isometric axes, lines and planes,
Isometric Scale – Isometric drawing or View – Isometric drawing of
planes and simple solids such as prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone.
Conversion of isometric views to orthographic views of simple
objects.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Drawing by N. D. Bhatt
2. Engineering Drawing by “Basanth Agarwal”
3. Engineering Drawing,[Link] and
Kannaiah/Scietech Publishers
Weightage & Distribution of Marks :
40 (Internal Evaluation) + 60 (External Evaluation)
40 (Internal Evaluation) is divided into 20 MID EXAMS
+ 20 Day to Day class (Sheet Evaluation)
Drawing – Instruments
1) Mini-drafter
2) Compass
3) Protractor
4) Scale
5) Pencils (HB, H & 2H)
6) Eraser & Sharpener
7) Clips
Mini-drafter
• Professional draftsman - Drafting machine
• Students uses - Mini drafter (a miniature version of the drafting
machine).
Large Size Compass
Small Bow Compass
• Bow compasses are used for drawing small circles and arcs of
less than 25mm radius and particularly, when a large number
of small circles of the same diameter are to be drawn .
Protractor
• Protractors or Pro-circles are used for drawing any desired
angle. These are made of hard transparent plastic. The edges
are either squared or beveled.
Scales
• The ruler is to measure lengths and to draw straight lines.
• Scales are usually made of plastic or boxwood and are either
triangular of flat in shape.
ROLLER SCALE
Pencils Recommended
PENCIL LINES
2H Initial work, construction lines, locus lines,
projectors, extension lines etc.
H Lettering, dimensioning, figures in the
assumed position and anything given in the
problem, section lines etc.,
HB Aim of the problem (Result), outer lines
Eraser
• Eraser is used to remove the extra lines, lines/marks drawn by
mistake and to clear soiled spots on the drawing.
Clips
• Drawing clips are used to fix the drawing sheet on the
drawing board. They are made of nickel- coated steel.
Sheet 1: LETTERING & DIMENSIONING
• Lettering is used to convey additional information on
engineering drawings. Writing titles, sub-titles, dimensions,
scale and other details on a drawing is known as Lettering.
• The essential Features of Lettering
-Lettering should be done on the drawing in such a manner
that it may be read, when the drawing is viewed from the
bottom edge, except when it used for dimensioning.
-All the sub-titles should be placed below but not too close to
the respective views.
-Lettering is done in capital letters using H pencil
-Lettering should be done with free hand and single stroke
letters
Exercise 1: Write free hand the following sentences in
single stroke vertical capital letters of size 6:4 (height :
width) mm space between character 1 mm space,
between words 3 mm space, and between base lines
50 mm space.
(i) DRAWING IS THE LANGUAGE OF ENGINEERS
(ii) GOOD LETTERING IMPRESSES BETTER
(iii) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm
(iv) PRACTICE MAKES A PERSON PERFECT
DIMESIONING
The information of size on the drawing is called
“Dimensioning”. It plays an important role as it helps in
giving the correct and accurate size of the part to be
manufactured.
Engineering Drawing without dimensions is meaningless
The elements of dimensioning are:
[Link] line
[Link] line
[Link] line
[Link]
[Link] fig
Elements of dimensioning
1. Extension line should extend slightly beyond
the dimension line (2 to 3 mm).
2. Dimension lines should always be parallel to
the line it dimensions and at a distance 8 to 10
mm from the edge.
3. Leader line is a thin, continuous line with
arrow drawn under an angle to indicate diameter
of circle
4. Arrowhead
Arrow heads with filled in type (concave preferable) are used at the end
of dimension lines and leader lines. Arrowhead with 3:1 proportions
preferred style with Length(L) 4.5 mm to 5 mm and Depth(d) 1.5 to
2mm approx.
d = 3d
*FILLED IN TYPE
* ISO recommends
5. Dimension fig
Dimension Fig size Height 6mm X width 4mm and arrow
heads are drawn between the extension lines if possible.
If space is limited, they may be drawn on the outside.
Circle dimensioning
Basic lines
Pencils recommended
PENCIL LINES
2H Initial work, construction lines, locus lines,
projectors, extension lines etc.
H Lettering, dimensioning and section lines
etc.,
HB Aim of the problem (Result), outer lines
TYPES OF DIMENSIONING
Exercise 2:
[Link] SYSTEM
[Link]-DIRECTIONAL SYSTEM