Here are simple Python notes written clearly for study.
PYTHON NOTES
1. Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level programming language used for web development, data science,
artificial intelligence, automation, and software development.
It is easy to learn because its syntax is simple and readable.
Example:
print("Hello World")
2. History of Python
Python was created by Guido van Rossum and released in 1991.
It was designed to make programming simple and powerful.
3. Features of Python
Main features of Python:
• Easy to learn
• Simple syntax
• Open source
• Platform independent
• Object-oriented
• Large library support
4. Installing Python
Steps to install Python:
1. Go to the official website of Python
2. Download the latest version
3. Install it on your computer
4. Open Python IDLE or command prompt
Check installation:
python --version
PYTHON BASICS
5. Python Syntax
Python uses indentation instead of braces.
Example:
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two")
6. Variables in Python
Variables store data.
Example:
x = 10
name = "John"
Rules:
• Must start with a letter or underscore
• Cannot start with a number
7. Data Types
Common Python data types:
Data Type Example
Integer 10
Float 3.14
String "Hello"
Boolean True
List [1,2,3]
Tuple (1,2,3)
Dictionary {"name":"John"}
Example:
x = 10
y = 3.5
name = "Python"
8. Type Conversion
Changing one data type to another.
Example:
x = int(5.6)
y = str(10)
OPERATORS
9. Arithmetic Operators
Operator Example
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus
Example:
a = 10
b=5
print(a + b)
10. Comparison Operators
Operator Meaning
== Equal
!= Not equal
> Greater
< Less
Example:
print(5 > 3)
CONTROL STATEMENTS
11. If Statement
Example:
age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("You can vote")
12. If-Else Statement
num = 5
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Even")
else:
print("Odd")
13. Nested If
x = 10
if x > 5:
if x < 20:
print("Number is between 5 and 20")
LOOPS
14. For Loop
Used to repeat code.
for i in range(5):
print(i)
Output:
0
1
2
3
4
15. While Loop
i=1
while i <= 5:
print(i)
i += 1
16. Break and Continue
Break example:
for i in range(10):
if i == 5:
break
print(i)
Continue example:
for i in range(5):
if i == 2:
continue
print(i)
FUNCTIONS
17. Functions in Python
Functions are reusable blocks of code.
def greet():
print("Hello")
Call function:
greet()
18. Function with Parameters
def add(a, b):
print(a + b)
add(5,3)
19. Lambda Function
Small anonymous function.
square = lambda x: x*x
print(square(5))
DATA STRUCTURES
20. Lists
Lists store multiple values.
numbers = [1,2,3,4]
print(numbers[0])
Features:
• Ordered
• Changeable
• Allows duplicates
21. Tuples
Tuples are similar to lists but cannot be changed.
numbers = (1,2,3)
22. Sets
Sets do not allow duplicate values.
numbers = {1,2,3}
23. Dictionaries
Store data in key-value pairs.
student = {
"name": "John",
"age": 20
}
print(student["name"])
STRINGS
24. String Operations
Example:
text = "Python"
print([Link]())
print(len(text))
FILE HANDLING
25. Reading a File
file = open("[Link]","r")
print([Link]())
[Link]()
26. Writing a File
file = open("[Link]","w")
[Link]("Hello Python")
[Link]()
EXCEPTION HANDLING
27. Try and Except
try:
x = 10/0
except:
print("Error occurred")
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
28. Class and Object
class Student:
name = "John"
s1 = Student()
print([Link])
29. Python Libraries
Python has many libraries:
• NumPy – numerical computing
• Pandas – data analysis
• Matplotlib – graphs
30. Applications of Python
Python is used for:
• Web development
• Artificial Intelligence
• Machine Learning
• Data Science
• Automation
• Game development
✅ Conclusion:
Python is one of the most popular programming languages because it is simple, powerful,
and versatile.
If you want, I can also make:
• 📘 50-page Python notes
• 🧠 Python notes for exams
• 💻 Python programs list (100 programs for practice).
ATTENDANCE
Academic Year 2024-25 ODD Program [Link] CSE Engineering
Batch CSE 2024-2028 Semester S1
Course Code UCEST105 Course Name ALGORITHMIC THINKING WITH PYTHON
Faculty Name Anub A Department of Faculty CSE