Name: Annie Leah V.
Villareal
Year & Section: Beed 2-C
ACTIVITY 1
Mathematics in the intermediate Grades and Its Learning Theories (under Lesson 3)
Importance of mathematics in the intermediate grades
Mathematics in the intermediate grades it is important role in developing learners critical thinking,
problem solving skills, and logical reasoning. At this stage, students move from basic arithmetic
to more complex concepts such as fractions, decimals, geometry, and multi- step word problems.
Because of this, it is important for teachers to apply appropriate learning theories that will help
learner’s fully understand mathematical concepts and not just memorize procedures.
Learning Theories Used in Teaching Mathematics
1. Behaviorism
- Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior and learning through reinforcement and practice.
In Math classes, this can be applied through drills, repetition, and immediate feedback. For
example, in teaching multiplication or division facts, teachers may use timed exercises, flashcards
or quizzes. When student answer correctly they received praise or rewards, which reinforces
correct responses. This help learner’s mater basic skills that are essentials for solving more
complex problems. Behaviorism support the development of accuracy and fluency in computation.
2. Constructivism
- Constructivism states that learners actively construct their own understanding based on
experiences. Instead of simply listening to lectures, students, explore, discover, and solve
problems. In mathematics, teachers can apply this by using manipulatives such as fraction strips,
blocks or real life objects. For example , when teaching fractions, students can use paper folding
or fraction circles to visualize parts of a whole. Through hands on activities, learners develop
deeper understanding because they see and experience the concept. Constructivist help students
connect math to real life situations and improve their reasoning skills
How learning Theories Help Students
Behaviorism helps learners master basic skills in Mathematics through constant practice. When
students repeatedly solve problems, they become faster and more accurate. Reinforcement from
teachers also motivates students to participate and improve. Constructivism helps learners
understand the meaning behind mathematical concepts. Instead of simply memorizing steps,
students discover how and why solutions work. This improves their critical thinking and problem-
solving abilities. When teachers combine these theories, students can both practice skills and
understand concepts, which leads to better learning.
Examples of Math Activities for Grade 4-6
For behaviorism, teachers can use:
- Daily math drills
- Flashcard for multiplication
- Short quizzes and math games
For Constructivism, teachers can use:
-Group problem solving
- Hands on task using blocks ,papers , rulers
- Real life word problems
Reflection
Understanding learning theories is important for future elementary Mathematics teachers because
it helps them choose the best teaching strategies for their students. Different learners have different
ways of learning, so teachers need to use different approaches. By applying learning theories such
as behaviorism and constructivism, teachers can create meaningful learning experiences for their
students. This will help learners develop not only mathematical skills but also confidence and
problem-solving abilities.