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Vector Calculus Complete Formula Card

This document provides a comprehensive overview of vector calculus formulas, including the gradient, directional derivative, divergence, curl, and unit normal vector. It also covers relationships between surfaces, tangent planes, and normal lines, along with special vector identities. Key equations and definitions are presented for each concept, making it a useful reference for studying vector calculus.

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4 views2 pages

Vector Calculus Complete Formula Card

This document provides a comprehensive overview of vector calculus formulas, including the gradient, directional derivative, divergence, curl, and unit normal vector. It also covers relationships between surfaces, tangent planes, and normal lines, along with special vector identities. Key equations and definitions are presented for each concept, making it a useful reference for studying vector calculus.

Uploaded by

tamrat121621
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Vector Calculus - Complete Formula Card

Gradient (∇φ)
 ∇φ = (∂φ/∂x)i + (∂φ/∂y)j + (∂φ/∂z)k
 ∇(φ₁φ₂) = φ₁∇φ₂ + φ₂∇φ₁
 ∇(φ₁ / φ₂) = (φ₂∇φ₁ − φ₁∇φ₂) / φ₂²
 ∇(φ ± χ) = ∇φ ± ∇χ
 If φ = constant, then ∇φ = 0
 ∇(rⁿ) = n rⁿ⁻² r̂, where r = √(x² + y² + z²)

Directional Derivative
 D.D = ∇φ ⋅ â / |â|
 Maximum D.D = |∇φ|, in direction of ∇φ

Divergence (∇·F)
 ∇·F = ∂F₁/∂x + ∂F₂/∂y + ∂F₃/∂z
 F is solenoidal if ∇·F = 0

Curl (∇×F)
 ∇×F = |i j k|
|∂/∂x ∂/∂y ∂/∂z|
|F₁ F₂ F₃|
 = i((∂F₃/∂y) − (∂F₂/∂z)) − j((∂F₃/∂x) − (∂F₁/∂z)) + k((∂F₂/∂x) − (∂F₁/∂y))
 F is irrotational if ∇×F = 0

Unit Normal Vector


 n̂ = ∇φ / |∇φ|
 Normal Derivative = |∇φ|

Angle Between Surfaces


 cosθ = (∇φ₁ ⋅ ∇φ₂) / (|∇φ₁||∇φ₂|)
 Surfaces are orthogonal if ∇φ₁ ⋅ ∇φ₂ = 0

Tangent Plane & Normal Line


 Tangent Plane: (r − r₀) ⋅ ∇φ = 0
 Normal Line: (r − r₀) × ∇φ = 0
 Line form: (x−x₀)/a = (y−y₀)/b = (z−z₀)/c where a,b,c from ∇φ

Special Vector Identities


 ∇⋅(∇×F) = 0 (divergence of a curl is zero)
 ∇×(∇φ) = 0 (curl of a gradient is zero)
 ∇(∇⋅F) = vector with components of second-order partials
 ∇×(∇×F) = ∇(∇⋅F) − ∇²F (vector Laplacian identity)

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