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Module 2 Written

The document discusses bivariable data analysis, focusing on the relationships between two variables, such as temperature and sales data. It explains the use of scatter plots to visualize trends and relationships, as well as the concepts of covariance and correlation to measure these relationships. Additionally, it provides formulas for calculating covariance and introduces the Pearson correlation coefficient for assessing linear relationships between variables.

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1bi23is048
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13 views34 pages

Module 2 Written

The document discusses bivariable data analysis, focusing on the relationships between two variables, such as temperature and sales data. It explains the use of scatter plots to visualize trends and relationships, as well as the concepts of covariance and correlation to measure these relationships. Additionally, it provides formulas for calculating covariance and introduces the Pearson correlation coefficient for assessing linear relationships between variables.

Uploaded by

1bi23is048
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module-2

w wM

ivartate Data:
Bivarcate Data and mult
vartables and focuses on
fendeng
*)Bivarcate data invo
lves &

them.
relationships b/w
shop and sales data.
EX: Temperature
in a

Temp (°c) sales of sweaters

5 200

10
150

20 140

To analyze relattonsheps, a scatter plot is used. 2

s ve su al iz e tre nds ,def fer enc es and relateonsheps blw


t he lp
vartables.
of outleers.
*) Shows strength, shape, direction and presence
*)useful for exploratory data bef
ore calculateng correlation Cor)
regresston.
Ex-

() 4 7 6 1scatter plotU-D C84) = (x)vo

dene graphs art aemlas to seatter plots.


Co d stoas
Blvartate Statistics'-

el at to n e ex am pl es of bivarcate statistres.
*) Covartance an d Co rr ar

201dotopy autouri
Covartance of bro

*) Denoted by cov(X,Y)
nstons!
e the vartance blw two deme
*) It ts used to measur

Formula!-
S (xi-ECx)) (y ECY)(
coVCX.Y) =
-

N1
120

data values from X and Y.


where, x, and yr
ECX) and E(y) mean values of x and y: 56-

PreNizT hok eslesa nqikenottolars ss pinnn


s usid
N→ number of geven data.

&)Find the covartance of data, X={1,2,3,4,53 and 4=f1,4.9,16,253


Sol:- Mean CX) = ECX) = 15
5
3
(60) noitolseco) aniar eaptsd stos ycatioolbxe 20t ni
and ECY) = 55 = 11
5

(o)
.. coVCX.Y)= (1-3)(1-11)+ (2-3)(4-11)+ ₤3-2)() + (4-3)(16-11)+(5-3)(25-1)

cov(X,v)= 12.

Correlation:- (denoted by r).

*) PearsonCorrelation Coeffectent(r) measuses the strength and direction


of the lenear relationshep between & vartables.

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