Model Questions for Final Assessment

1. Differentiate between verification and validation. Explain how and why the V-model
emphasizes the software V and V.
2. Explain the steps of SDLC.
3. Explain the Agile Software Development Process in brief.
4. What could be the functional and non-functional requirements of the Library Management
System?
5. Suppose a travel and tour agency needs software for automating its bookkeeping activities.
The set of activities to be automated is rather simple and is at present being carried out
manually. The travel agency had indicated that it is unsure about the type of user interface
that would be suitable for its employees and its customers. Which process model would
you follow for this, and why? Explain the step that you would perform in the process model
that you have chosen.
6. Explain the requirement process engineering in software development.
7. How do you find objects and methods in real world example? The library contains books
and journals. It may have several copies of the given books. Some of the books are for
short-term loans only. All the other books may be borrowed by any library member for 1
month. Members of the library can normally borrow up to six items at a time but members
of staff may borrow up to 12 items at one time. Only members of staff may borrow journals.
Find the objects with proper reasons.
8. Explain how OOA, OOD, and OOP are related. How can we identify objects in a system?
Explain with examples.
9. Briefly explain the conceptual model of UML.
10. The famous digital eatery at Durbar Marg, “Naulo Restaurant”, which is designed by IOE
graduate engineers, processes everything either through ROBOT or with a digital device,
except food preparation and cooking. Every table top is equipped with a large tablet screen,
and using the tablet, each customer selects the items they would like to order. Once the
customer selects the item, the restaurant system automatically dispatches the food items
selected as the order to the kitchen unit of the restaurant. Again, when the food item is
prepared, the robot named Ginger will be called in by the kitchen unit of the restaurant to
 deliver the food item to a particular table, and then the system get updated as the order is
delivered and the due bill is generated for the food item of that table. This process might
be repeated multiple times as additional food ordering and serving might happen
frequently. Finally, the customer pays the accumulated bill either by swiping credit or debit
card or through online payment. Order taking process, order dispatching process, food
delivery and paper bill carrying up to the table through humans are eliminated, so they
claimed it as complete digital restaurant. Prepare use-case, activity, and sequence diagram
for the given scenario.
11. Draw a class diagram for the online examination system.
12. A technology startup is developing a smart ride-sharing application that connects
passengers with drivers in real time. The system must allow passengers to request rides,
drivers to accept them, and trips to be tracked from start to finish. Each driver registers one
or more vehicles, which may include cars, bikes, or electric scooters, and passengers can
choose eco-friendly options. The platform supports carpooling, meaning multiple
passengers can share a single trip. It also integrates digital payments, loyalty rewards, and
an eco-reward system that tracks carbon emissions for each trip and offers incentives for
sustainable choices. The application, therefore, needs to manage users (drivers and
passengers), vehicles, trips, payments, rewards, and carbon tracking. Based on the above
scenario, draw a class diagram that models the system. Your diagram should identify the
main classes, their attributes, methods, and relationships (including inheritance,
associations, and aggregations where appropriate).
13. Draw a sequence diagram for the following case:
14. A bank wants to model the interaction between a user and an ATM during a cash
withdrawal. The user inserts their card, enters a PIN, and selects the withdrawal option.
The ATM verifies the PIN with the bank server, checks the account balance, and dispenses
cash if sufficient funds are available. It then updates the account balance and prints a
receipt. If the PIN is incorrect or funds are insufficient, the ATM displays an error message
and cancels the transaction.
15. A company is building an online food delivery platform that connects customers with
restaurants and delivery agents. Customers can browse menus, place orders, make
payments, and track deliveries. Restaurants receive orders, prepare food, and update order
 status. Delivery agents pick up orders from restaurants and deliver them to customers. The
system also includes admin users who manage restaurant listings, monitor transactions, and
handle customer complaints. The platform supports both web and mobile interfaces. Draw
a use case and activity diagram for this scenario.
16. Draw a sequence diagram and an activity diagram for the Mobile Banking Application.
The user can log in to the system with the provided username and password. The system
will verify the information. If the provided information is incorrect, it will display an error
message. The user can check the balance, transfer fund and make payments through the
application. Fund transfer can be done to the same bank and other banks. Payment is made
through the account. User can view privacy info and profile help creating setup profile.
17. A group of students built a website that includes various features. The website has features
such as event creation and management, donations to various non-profit organization and
a lost and found department. An organizer can create an event that has a date, time, and
location as essentials. He can also update and delete event details. The user can view the
event through the website and show their participation. Also, the user can donate to
different organizations, where each organization detail includes their name, address, and
bank account number. In the lost and found department, user who have found someone’s
lost item can post the picture along with contact information, location, and number,
whereas the person who has lost their property can view in the website and claim if found.
Draw the class diagram for the above scenario.
18. Explain Unified Process with its phases along with a suitable diagram.
19. How can you partition the analysis model? Explain how you design a subsystem with
concurrency?
20. Define software Quality Assurance. What are the various activities and tasks involved in
SQA?
21. Explain the System Design Process in OOD.
22. Write short notes on:
a. Class Relationships
b. Multiple Class testing
c. Software Quality Assurance
d. COCOMO Model
23. Why is testing necessary in system development? Differentiate between thread-based
testing and use-based testing.
24. How do you specify a contract during intersubsystem communication in OOD?
25. What are the different disciplines of UP