CHAPTER 2: GROSS
ANATOMY
TEST NUMBER 2
1)How many bones make up the
human spine?
a. 7
b. 33
c. 20
d. 25
2)The Appendicular skeleton is
comprised of bones.
a. 126
b. 100
c. 80
d. 110
3)Ligaments hold bone to bone.
a. True
b. False
4) Tendons hold muscle to bone.
a. True
b. False
5) The skeletal system participates in
A) maintaining blood calcium levels
B) absorbing the shock of unexpected rapid
body movements
C) facilitating transmission of nerve
impulses
D) cushioning abdominal organs such as
the kidneys
E) All of the answers are correct.
6) In addition to osseous tissue, a typical
bone contains
A) other connective tissues
B) smooth muscle tissues (in blood
vessel walls)
C) neural tissues
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.
7) Which of the following is produced
within red bone marrow?
A) blood cells
B) adipose tissue
C) calcium
D) protein
E) All of the answers are correct.
8) Osseous tissue is classified as which
of the following?
A) neural tissue
B) muscle tissue
C) connective tissue
D) epithelial tissue
E) None of the answers are correct.
9)How many bones does the adult
human body have?
a. 210
b. 206
c. 180
d. 126
10)The Axial skeleton is composed
of bones.
a. 90
b. 126
c. 60
d. 80
11)The human vertebrae are classified as
which type of bone?
a. Long
b. Irregular
c. Flat
d. Short
12)Which bone is the longest and strongest
bone in the human body?
a. Cranium
b. Femur
c. Tibia
d. Radius
13) Which is a major function of the
skeletal system?
A) support of the body
B) storage of glucose
C) production of ATP
D) maintenance of interstitial fluid
composition
E) None of the answers are correct.
14)Which bone acts as a connecting
bridge ?
(a) radius.
(b) scapula
(c) clavicle.
(d) occipital bone
(e) carpal bone
15) Carpal and tarsal bones of our
body belong to which type of bones?
(a) short bones
(b) typical long bone
(c) miniature long bone.
(d) irregular bone
(e) flat bone
16) Which variety of bones has two
compact layers sandwiching the spongy
bone?
(a) short bones.
(b) irregular bones
(c) flat bones.
(d) sesamoid bones
(e) long bones
17)Which of the following is a
pneumatic bone?
(a) Maxilla.
(b) Temporal
(c) sphenoid.
(d) occipital
(e) all of these
18) Why are the air sinuses in the skull
clinically important?
(a) They make the skull lighter.
(b) Give resonance to wound
(c) Favourite site of infection.
(d) Give protection to skull
19)What is the skeletal system?
All the bones in the body
All the muscles and tendons
All the body's organs, both soft and hard
tissue
All the bones in the body and the tissues
that connect them
20)How many bones in
an average person?
33
206
639
It varies by the individual.
21)Which of the following statements is
INCORRECT?
Bone is where most blood cells are made.
Bone serves as a storehouse for various
minerals.
Bone is a dry and non-living supporting
structure.
Bone protects and supports the body and its
organs.
22)Which bone protects the brain?
Calcium
The cranium
The cerebrum
The cerebellum
23)Besides the brain, the skull also protects
...
the lungs
the diaphragm
the body's cells
the sense organs
24) What makes bones so
strang?
Silica
Cartilage
Blood and marrow
Calcium and phosphorous
25)What is the difference between
cartilage and bone?
Bone is rubbery, and cartilage is firm.
Cartilage is rubbery, and bone is firm.
Bone is a more primitive tissue than
cartilage.
Bone is inside the body, and cartilage is
outside.
26)The hollow space in the
middle of bones is filled with.....
air
blood
bone cells
bone marrow
27)What is the difference between
compact bone and spongy bone?
They have different bone marrow.
They are made of different materials..
They have different sizes of bone
cells.
They have different arrangements of
bone cells.
28) What is a joint?
A hinge
A ball and socket
The place where two bones are
joined
The place where tendons are
fastened together
29) The purpose of the rib cage is
to...
protect the stomach
protect the spinal cord
protect the heart and lungs
provide an object to which the
lungs can attach
30)What is the function of a
tendon?
To link bones to bones
To link muscles to bones
To link muscles to ligaments
To bind the cells in compact bone
closer together
31) Organic components of the
matrix of bone include
A) calcium phosphate
B) collagen fibers
C) calcium carbonate
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are
correct.
32) Mature bone cells that maintain and
monitor the protein and mineral content of
the surrounding matrix are called
A) osteocytes
B) chondrocytes
C) osteoblasts
D) osteoclasts
E) osteoblasts
33) Which type of cell divides to produce
daughter cells that can differentiate readily
after a bone is cracked or broken?
A) osteocyte
B) osteoprogenitor cell
C) red marrow cell
D) osteoclast
E) osteoblast
34) Which of the following
connective tissue envelopes the
bone?
A)Periosteum
B)Pericardium
C)Myocardium
D) Marrow
35) Which cell secretes the
matrix for bone formation?
A)Osteoclastoma
B) Osteoclast
C) Mesoblastic
D) Osteoblasts
36)Which of the following are two
types of bone marrow?
A) Red marrow and yellow marrow
B) Red marrow and white marrow
C) Yellow marrow and white marrow
D) White marrow and blue marrow
37) Human Cranium has
bones.
A)12
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9
38) Membrane bones develop in
membranous sheets formed by
condensation of:
(a) endoderm.
(b)ectoderm
(c) mesoderm.
(d) none of these
39) Most of the bones of the
body are of which variety?
(a) membranous.
(b) cartilaginous
(c) membrano cartilaginous
(d) accessory
40)What is the function of
sesamoid bones?
(a) Act as pulley.
(b) provide smooth surface for
tendons
(c) transfer muscular forces.
(d) protect tendons
(e) All of these
41)which is the largest
sesamoid bone of the body?
(a) patella.
(b) knee cap
(c) adductor pollicis.
(d) flexor pollicis
(e) both a and b
42)Short bones only occur
where:
(a) little movement occurs.
(b) no movement occurs
(c) circumduction occurs.
(d) none of the above
43) The function of an osteoclast in osseous tissue is
A) to produce new bone matrix
B) to dissolve old bone matrix and release amino acids
and the stored calcium and phosphate
C) to secrete the organic components of the matrix
D) to produce new osteoblasts
E) None of the answers are correct.
44) A bone cell that secretes the
organic components of bone matrix is
A) stimulated by activity of the thyroid
gland
B) an osteoclast
C) an osteoblast
D) an osteocyte
E) located in a lacuna
45)Name the four classes of
bones?
A) Long, short, regular, irregular
B) Big, small, flat, bulged
C)Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular
D) Big, small, regular, irregular
46)Name the two kinds of tissues present
in the bone?
A)Cancellous tissue and non-compact
tissue
B)Compact tissue and non compact tissue
C) Compact tissue and cancellous tissue
D) Non compact tissue and cancellous
tissue
47) The largest sesamoid bone
of the body is present in the
tendon of which muscle?
(a) quadriceps femoris muscle.
(b) flexor pollicis brevis
(c) flexor brevis.
(d) adductor pollicis
48) Which of the following is special
characteristic of spongy bone?
A) lacuna
B) medullary cavity
C) trabecula
D) central canal
E) canaliculus
49) In osseous tissue, which of the
following is always removing matrix
and releasing minerals?
A) nerves
B) capillaries
C) osteons
D) osteocytes
E) osteoclasts
50) The epiphyseal cartilage
connects to the diaphysis by a
narrow zone called the
A) medulla
B) lacuna
C) metaphysis
D) periosteum
E) endosteum
51) The Epiphysis that is non articular
and don't form joint is:
A) Pressure
B) Traction
C)Aberrant
D) Atavistic
52) The Nutrient foramen of
humerus runs in:
A)Downward
B)upward direction.
C) Lateral direction.
D)medial direction
53) The periosteum that is
covering surface of bone
contains
A) Blood vessels.
B) lymphatic vessels
C) Nerves.
D)All.
54) Diaphysis contains.
A)yellow bone marrow.
B)red bone marrow
C)White bone marrow.
D)both A and B
55) In fibula, secondary centre of
ossification appear during 1st
year in
A)Distal end.
B) Proximal end.
C) Lateral end.
D)Medial end
56) The nutrient foramen of fibula
directed
A) Upwards
B) Downward.
C)posterior-lateral.
D) Anterio_ventral
57) Types of Epiphysis are.
A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4
58) The mineralization of
osteoid occur under the
influence of
A)Alkaline phosphatase.
B) Alkaline ATPase.
C) Ligase
D) DNase
59) Alkaline phosphatase is
released by
A)Periosteum.
B)Osteoclast.
C)Osteoblast.
D) Osteoprogenitor cells
60)A patient comes to the doctor & tells him that
when he lifts any weight he feels pain in the
upper head of the humerus and also faces
difficulty in movement. The doctor pointed out
that he has a defect in:.
A) Traction Epiphysis
B) Aberrant Epiphysis
C) Atavistic Epiphysis
D)Pressure Epiphysis
61) Bones have a vascular supply that is
A) very extensive, including many arteries and
veins branching throughout the bone
B) very poor; bones are not living, so blood is
not needed
C) supplied simply by one artery
D) poor, therefore healing is very limited
E) None of the answers are correct.
62) The vessels supplying blood to the inner
(diaphyseal) surface of each epiphyseal
plate, where bone is replacing cartilage, are
called vessels.
A) periosteal
B) epiphyseal
C) metaphyseal
D) endochondral
E) endosteal
63) Blood vessels that supply the
ends of long bones are called
vessels.
A) metaphyseal
B) periosteal
C) epiphyseal
D)endosteal
64) A prominent ridge on a bone is
called a
A) condyle
B) facet
C) meatus
D) crest
E) trochlea
65) A small, flat articular surface
is a
A)trochlea
B)spine
C)line
D)sulcus
E)facet
66) An extension of a bone that is
set at an angle to the rest of the
bone is usually called a
A)sulcus
B)fossa
C)ramus
D)Condyle
E)meatus.
67) A smooth, grooved articular
process, shaped like a pulley, is a
A)trochlea
B)spine
C)line
D)crest
E)trochanter
68) A chamber within a bone,
normally filled with air, is a
A) condyle
B) ramus
C) sulcus
D) fissure
E) sinus
69) The expanded articular end of
an epiphysis, separated from the
shaft by a narrower neck, is a
A) neck
B) head
C) tubercle
D)fossa
E)fissure
70) An elongated cleft is a
A) foramen
B) fissure
C) meatus
D)condyle
E) canal
71) A is a smooth rounded
articular process.
A. spine
B. sulcus
C. ramus
D. condyle
E. meatus
72) Calcium phosphate interacts
to form hydroxyapatite.
A) collagen
B) blood vessels
C) calcium hydroxide
D) nerve fibers
E) potassium carbonate
73) The yellow marrow that fills the
medullary cavities of many bones is
dominated by
A) adipocytes
B) immature red blood cells
C) stem cells
D) mature red blood cells.
E) osteocytes
74) Because they are strong and relatively
inflexible, compression. enable bone to
withstand the stress of
A)collagen fibers
B) calcium phosphate crystals
C) reticular fibers
D) osteocytes
E) osteoclasts
75) Because they resist stretch, the
fibers provide the tensile strength of
bone.
A) calcium phosphate
B) hydroxyapatite
C) sodium phosphate
D) collagen
E) calcium hydroxide
76) The walls of bones are
composed of
A) spongy bone
B) spicules
C) trabecular bone
D) cancellous bone
E) compact bone
77) ….are struts or plates within
spongy bone which assist in
withstanding stresses in a specific
A) Lamellae
B) Lacunae
C) Perforating canals.
D)Central canals
E)Trabeculae
78) The physical process of bone
formation is called
A) disintegration
B) osteogenesis
C) embryogenesis
D) fertilization
E)articulation
79) As a long bone develops, the point where
osteoblasts first replace calcified cartilage with
spongy bone becomes the from which further
development proceeds.
A) primary ossification center
B) metaphysis.
C) periosteum
D) secondary ossification center
E)epiphyseal line
80) As cartilage enlarges in step 1 of
endochondral ossification, increase in
size. near the center of the shaft
A) chondrocytes
B) osteocytes
C)leukocytes
D) osteoclasts
E)osteoblasts
81)Os trigonum is an accessory bone
which sometimes appear at:
(a) adjacent to the 5th metatarsal
bone.
(b) lambdoid suture
(c) adductor muscle of the thigh.
(d) adjacent to lateral tubercle of talus
82) The shaft of bone is called
A) Epiphysis
B)condyle
C) epicondyle
D) Diaphysis
E) Fissure
83) The articular surface of end of
long bone is covered by
A) Fibrocartilage.
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Elastic cartilage
D)Bony layer
84) Coracoid process of scapula is
an example of
A) Pressure Epiphysis.
B) Traction Epiphysis
C) Atavistic Epiphysis
D)Aberrant Epiphysis
85)In upper limb, growing ends
are
A) upper end of humerus
B) Lower end of humerus
C)upper end of radius
D) lower end of ulna
E) both A and D
86) The medullary cavity is
surrounded by
A) Endosteum
B) periosteum
C) perichondrium
D) Epimysium
E) perimysium
87) Any part of bone which arises
from the secondary centre of
ossification Is known as:.
A) Fissure
B) Hamulus
C) Fovea
D) Epiphysis
E) Diaphysis
88) Bone in embryo can form
in how many ways?
A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4
89) The osteoid quickly become
mineralized by deposition of:
A) calcium carbonate crystal
B) Calcium phosphate crystal
C) Calcium oxide crystal
D) Calcium nitride crystal
90) In Epiphysis, the spicules of
spongy bone are Covered by.
A)White bone marrow
B)yellow bone marrow
C)red bone marrow
D) Both b and c
91) Sesamoid bones are called so
because :
(a) all bones resemble the seed of a
sesame plant.
(b) number is not fixed
(c) because of their association with
tendons.
(d) smallest bones resemble seed of
sesame plant
92) Supernumerary bones are
formed by:
(a) primary centre of ossification.
(b) bone chips resulting from injury
(c) secondary centre of ossification
(d) all of these
93)Some bones develop in other soft
tissues of the body. Example of such
bones is:
(a) os vesalianum.
(b) rider's bone
(c) os trigonum.
(d) patella
(d) wormian bones
94) The number of which bones
is not fixed in body:
(a) irregular bones.
(b) sesamoid bones.
(c) accessory bones.
(d) flat bones
(e) both b and c
95) Which bone violates the rule
of ossification?
A) Tibia.
B) Femur
C)Fibula
D) Radius
E) ulna
96)Which of the following bones
is not always present?
(a) os vesalianum.
(b) os trigonum
(c) sutural bone.
(d) rider's bone
(e) all of these
97)How many bones are
present in the upper left limb?
(a) 32.
(b)31
(c) 62.
(d)64
98) Patients comes to emergency with patellar
fracture due to automobile accident, X-rays
confirmed several small fragments of patella and the
knee is in semi flexad position. The type of the
fractured bone is:
a. Long bone
b. Short bone
c. Sesamoid bone
d. Irregular bone
e. Flat bone
99) The mandible bone develops by
which ossification method ?
(a) membranous.
(b)endochondral
(c)membrano cartilaginous.
(d) cartilaginous
(e) both b and d
100)The ribs, sternum and
scapula are all what type of
bone?
a. Long
b. Flat
c. Short
d. Irregular
1) b 21) c 41) e 61) A 81) D
2) a 22) b 42) a 62) C 82) D
3) a 23) d 43) b 63) C 83) B
4) a 24) d 44) c 64) D 84) B
5) a 25) b 45) c 65) E 85) E
6) d 26) d 46) c 66) C 86) A
7) a 27) d 47) a 67) A 87) D
8) c 28) c 48) c 68) E 88) B
9) b 29) c 49) e 69) B 89) B
10) d 30) b 50) c 70) B 90) C
11) b 31) b 51) B 71) D 91) C
12) b 32) a 52) A 72) C 92) D
13) a 33) b 53) D 73) A 93) B
14) c 34) a 54) D 74) B 94) E
15) a 35) d 55) A 75) D 95) B
16) c 36) a 56) B 76) E 96) E
17) e 37) c 57) D 77) E 97) A
18) c 38) c 58) A 78) B 98) C
19) d 39) c 59) C 79) A 99) C
20) b 40) e 60) D 80) A 100) B