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Chapter - General Wave Properties (Sindh Board)

The document contains 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to the chapter on General Wave Properties from the Sindh Board Physics curriculum. Each question is followed by its correct answer, covering various concepts such as wave types, properties, and formulas. Key topics include mechanical and electromagnetic waves, frequency, amplitude, and the behavior of waves in different media.

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17 views7 pages

Chapter - General Wave Properties (Sindh Board)

The document contains 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to the chapter on General Wave Properties from the Sindh Board Physics curriculum. Each question is followed by its correct answer, covering various concepts such as wave types, properties, and formulas. Key topics include mechanical and electromagnetic waves, frequency, amplitude, and the behavior of waves in different media.

Uploaded by

abdulsatarkhuhro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Here are 100 MCQs from Physics – Chapter: General Wave Properties (Sindh Board)

(All in one section with answers given after each question)


A wave transfers:
A) Matter B) Energy C) Mass D) Particles
Answer: B
Mechanical waves require:
A) Vacuum B) Medium C) Light D) Heat
Answer: B
Example of mechanical wave:
A) Light B) X-rays C) Sound D) Gamma rays
Answer: C
Waves that do not require medium are:
A) Mechanical B) Water C) Electromagnetic D) Sound
Answer: C
SI unit of frequency is:
A) Meter B) Second C) Hertz D) Joule
Answer: C
Time period is reciprocal of:
A) Speed B) Frequency C) Wavelength D) Amplitude
Answer: B
Unit of wavelength:
A) m B) Hz C) s D) N
Answer: A
Wave speed formula:
A) v=fλ B) v=f/λ C) v=λ/f D) v=f+λ
Answer: A
In transverse waves particles vibrate:
A) Parallel B) Perpendicular C) Circular D) Random
Answer: B
In longitudinal waves particles vibrate:
A) Perpendicular B) Parallel C) Circular D) None
Answer: B
Example of transverse wave:
A) Sound B) Water wave C) Compression D) Rarefaction
Answer: B
Maximum displacement is:
A) Frequency B) Wavelength C) Amplitude D) Speed
Answer: C
Distance between two crests:
A) Period B) Wavelength C) Speed D) Frequency
Answer: B
SI unit of time period:
A) s B) Hz C) m D) kg
Answer: A
If frequency increases, time period:
A) Increases B) Decreases C) Same D) Zero
Answer: B
Sound waves are:
A) Transverse B) Longitudinal C) EM D) Surface
Answer: B
One complete vibration is:
A) Cycle B) Speed C) Energy D) Wave
Answer: A
Wave motion transfers:
A) Matter B) Energy C) Atoms D) Mass
Answer: B
SI unit of wave speed:
A) m/s B) Hz C) m D) s
Answer: A
1 cycle per second equals:
A) 1 Hz B) 10 Hz C) 100 Hz D) 0.1 Hz
Answer: A
High frequency means:
A) Long λ B) Short λ C) No λ D) Zero speed
Answer: B
Wave speed depends on:
A) Medium B) Frequency only C) Amplitude only D) Color
Answer: A
Echo is reflection of:
A) Light B) Heat C) Sound D) Electricity
Answer: C
Audible range:
A) 20–20000 Hz B) 1–10 Hz C) 100–500 Hz D) 20000+ Hz
Answer: A
Light is:
A) Mechanical B) Longitudinal C) EM D) Surface
Answer: C
Crest is highest point in:
A) Longitudinal B) Transverse C) Sound D) None
Answer: B
Rarefaction occurs in:
A) Transverse B) Longitudinal C) EM D) Water only
Answer: B
Compression is region of:
A) Low pressure B) High pressure C) Zero pressure D) No pressure
Answer: B
SI unit of amplitude:
A) m B) Hz C) s D) m/s
Answer: A
Speed of sound in air:
A) 340 m/s B) 150 m/s C) 1000 m/s D) 3000 m/s
Answer: A
Frequency remains same in different media:
A) True B) False
Answer: A
If λ increases, f:
A) Increases B) Decreases C) Same D) Zero
Answer: B
Distance between compressions:
A) λ B) T C) A D) v
Answer: A
Infrasonic waves:
A) <20 Hz B) >20000 Hz C) 100 Hz D) 1000 Hz
Answer: A
Ultrasonic waves:
A) <20 Hz B) >20000 Hz C) 100 Hz D) 500 Hz
Answer: B
Wave energy depends on:
A) Amplitude B) Color C) Medium D) Period
Answer: A
Reflection follows:
A) Law of reflection B) Ohm’s law C) Newton’s law D) Boyle’s law
Answer: A
Angle of incidence equals:
A) Refraction B) Reflection C) 90° D) 0°
Answer: B
Refraction occurs due to change in:
A) Speed B) Color C) Energy D) Mass
Answer: A
Diffraction is bending of waves around:
A) Obstacles B) Heat C) Sound D) Light only
Answer: A
Interference occurs when waves:
A) Meet B) Stop C) Slow D) Reflect
Answer: A
Constructive interference increases:
A) Amplitude B) Speed C) Frequency D) Period
Answer: A
Destructive interference decreases:
A) Amplitude B) Speed C) Frequency D) Energy
Answer: A
Symbol of wavelength:
A) λ B) f C) T D) v
Answer: A
Symbol of frequency:
A) f B) T C) v D) A
Answer: A
Symbol of period:
A) T B) λ C) f D) v
Answer: A
Symbol of speed:
A) v B) f C) T D) A
Answer: A
Pitch depends on:
A) Frequency B) Amplitude C) Speed D) Medium
Answer: A
Loudness depends on:
A) Amplitude B) Frequency C) Speed D) Medium
Answer: A
Sound cannot travel in:
A) Air B) Water C) Vacuum D) Solid
Answer: C
Here are MCQs 51–100 (General Wave Properties – Sindh Board) with options and
answers:
If f = 20 Hz, then T =
A) 20 s B) 0.05 s C) 5 s D) 2 s
Answer: B
If λ = 4 m and f = 5 Hz, wave speed is:
A) 9 m/s B) 20 m/s C) 1.25 m/s D) 4 m/s
Answer: B
If v = 300 m/s and f = 100 Hz, λ =
A) 3 m B) 30 m C) 0.3 m D) 300 m
Answer: A
Time period of 50 Hz wave:
A) 0.02 s B) 2 s C) 50 s D) 0.5 s
Answer: A
If wavelength decreases and speed remains constant, frequency:
A) Decreases B) Increases C) Same D) Zero
Answer: B
Speed of wave in water compared to air is:
A) Less B) More C) Same D) Zero
Answer: B
Minimum distance for clear echo (speed 340 m/s):
A) 10 m B) 17 m C) 20 m D) 34 m
Answer: B
Echo is heard after at least:
A) 0.1 s B) 0.01 s C) 1 s D) 2 s
Answer: A
The number of waves passing a point per second:
A) Period B) Wavelength C) Frequency D) Amplitude
Answer: C
If T = 0.25 s, frequency is:
A) 0.25 Hz B) 2 Hz C) 4 Hz D) 8 Hz
Answer: C
In longitudinal wave, distance between compression and rarefaction is:
A) λ B) λ/2 C) 2λ D) 0
Answer: B
If amplitude doubles, energy becomes:
A) Half B) Double C) Four times D) Same
Answer: C
Which wave can travel in vacuum?
A) Sound B) Water C) Light D) Compression
Answer: C
Wave speed in solids is generally:
A) Lowest B) Highest C) Same as air D) Zero
Answer: B
A 10 Hz wave completes how many cycles in 5 seconds?
A) 2 B) 50 C) 15 D) 5
Answer: B
If 100 waves pass in 20 s, frequency is:
A) 5 Hz B) 10 Hz C) 20 Hz D) 2 Hz
Answer: A
Unit of frequency named after:
A) Newton B) Joule C) Hertz D) Watt
Answer: C
Pitch of sound depends on:
A) Amplitude B) Frequency C) Speed D) Medium
Answer: B
Loudness depends on:
A) Wavelength B) Amplitude C) Period D) Speed
Answer: B
When wave enters denser medium, speed:
A) Increases B) Decreases C) Same D) Zero
Answer: A
If v = fλ and f doubles, v (same medium):
A) Doubles B) Halves C) Same D) Zero
Answer: C
Wavefront is:
A) Point B) Line joining same phase points C) Amplitude D) Speed
Answer: B
Reflection of sound is used in:
A) SONAR B) Motor C) Bulb D) Heater
Answer: A
Ultrasonic waves are used in:
A) Cooking B) Medical imaging C) Lighting D) Cooling
Answer: B
In interference, waves must have same:
A) Color B) Frequency C) Medium D) Speed only
Answer: B
Destructive interference occurs when waves are:
A) In phase B) Out of phase C) Same speed D) Same λ
Answer: B
Constructive interference occurs when waves are:
A) Out of phase B) In phase C) Different f D) None
Answer: B
Bending of sound around corners is:
A) Reflection B) Refraction C) Diffraction D) Interference
Answer: C
Change in direction due to medium change:
A) Reflection B) Refraction C) Diffraction D) Echo
Answer: B
If λ = 0.5 m and f = 200 Hz, v =
A) 100 m/s B) 400 m/s C) 200 m/s D) 50 m/s
Answer: A
Frequency of infrasonic wave:
A) 25 Hz B) 15 Hz C) 100 Hz D) 50 Hz
Answer: B
Frequency of ultrasonic wave:
A) 15000 Hz B) 25000 Hz C) 10000 Hz D) 500 Hz
Answer: B
If T = 2 s, f =
A) 0.5 Hz B) 2 Hz C) 4 Hz D) 1 Hz
Answer: A
If frequency is zero, wave is:
A) Moving B) Stationary C) Infinite speed D) Sound
Answer: B
Human ear is sensitive to:
A) Amplitude only B) Frequency range C) Speed D) Medium
Answer: B
If 500 waves pass in 10 s, f =
A) 50 Hz B) 5 Hz C) 500 Hz D) 0.5 Hz
Answer: A
Distance covered in one time period equals:
A) λ B) 2λ C) λ/2 D) Zero
Answer: A
Wave motion does not cause permanent:
A) Energy transfer B) Particle displacement C) Matter transfer D) Vibration
Answer: C
A wave repeats after:
A) Period B) Speed C) Amplitude D) Medium
Answer: A
Wave equation relates:
A) v, f, λ B) m, g, h C) F, m, a D) V, I, R
Answer: A
If v increases and f constant, λ:
A) Increases B) Decreases C) Same D) Zero
Answer: A
Sound travels fastest in:
A) Air B) Water C) Steel D) Vacuum
Answer: C
Sound intensity is proportional to:
A) A² B) A C) f D) T
Answer: A
A 5 Hz wave has period:
A) 0.5 s B) 5 s C) 0.2 s D) 2 s
Answer: C
If λ halves and v constant, f:
A) Halves B) Doubles C) Same D) Zero
Answer: B
Reflection from large surface produces:
A) Echo B) Refraction C) Diffraction D) Interference
Answer: A
The property that depends on medium only:
A) Speed B) Frequency C) Period D) Amplitude
Answer: A
Audible sound upper limit:
A) 20000 Hz B) 20 Hz C) 100 Hz D) 50000 Hz
Answer: A
SI unit of time period is:
A) Hz B) s C) m D) m/s
Answer: B
Wave motion is due to:
A) Vibration of particles B) Rotation C) Heating D) Friction
Answer: A

Common questions

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When a wave moves from one medium to another, its speed changes according to the properties of the new medium . Frequency remains constant across boundary transitions, but the wavelength changes to maintain the wave equation v = fλ . For example, if wave speed increases in a denser medium, the wavelength will increase, given that frequency remains the same . This relationship underscores the direct dependence of wave speed and wavelength while constant frequency ensures consistent wave identity .

Wave amplitude is directly related to wave energy; specifically, wave energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude . This relationship implies that a doubling of amplitude can result in a quadrupling of energy, assuming other factors remain constant . For sound waves, higher amplitude corresponds to greater loudness, as the energy transmitted to the medium, such as air, and subsequently to the human ear, is greater, intensifying the perceived sound .

Ultrasonic waves have frequencies above 20,000 Hz, which are beyond human hearing, and are utilized in applications such as medical imaging and industrial non-destructive testing due to their ability to travel through and reflect from small objects or tissue layers . Infrasonic waves, with frequencies below 20 Hz, are used in geophysical monitoring and can be employed to detect natural phenomena like earthquakes. The difference in frequency ranges determines their penetrative abilities and specific applications, each fitting distinct niches determined by their propagation characteristics .

Wave interference occurs when two or more waves meet, resulting in either constructive or destructive interference . Constructive interference happens when waves are in phase, meaning their crests and troughs align, leading to an increase in amplitude . Destructive interference occurs when waves are out of phase, meaning the crest of one wave aligns with the trough of another, leading to a decrease in amplitude. Both require the waves to have the same frequency and preferably occur in the same medium for clear results .

Reflection occurs when waves bounce back from a surface, obeying the law of reflection where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection . Refraction involves a change in the wave's direction when it enters a different medium, which occurs due to a change in wave speed related to the medium's properties . Reflection keeps the wave in the same medium, while refraction results in the wave entering a new medium.

The audible range of sound for humans is typically 20 to 20,000 Hz . Within this range, frequency affects the pitch of a sound; higher frequencies are perceived as higher pitches. Loudness, however, is influenced more by the amplitude of the wave rather than its frequency . Variations in frequency within the audible range can change the perceived pitch, while loudness can be enhanced by increasing wave amplitude, affecting the energy transfer to the human ear .

The principle of superposition states that when two or more waves overlap, the resultant wave is the sum of the individual waves' displacements at each point . This principle is foundational to wave interference, leading to both constructive and destructive interference outcomes. In practical applications like noise-cancellation technology, destructive interference is utilized; sound waves matching the noise in frequency but inverted in phase are emitted to cancel out the noise by reducing its amplitude effectively . This use highlights the principle's power in real-world noise control scenarios.

Wave diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings, allowing waves to spread into regions of geometric shadow . Unlike refraction, which involves a change in wave direction due to entering a different medium, diffraction occurs without a medium transition. Reflection involves waves bouncing back from a surface without altering speed or path in the initial medium. Diffraction increases the wave's spatial reach depending on the size of the obstacle relative to the wavelength .

The relationship between wave speed (v), frequency (f), and wavelength (λ) is given by the equation v = fλ . If the frequency increases while the wave speed remains constant, the wavelength must decrease, and vice versa. If the wave speed increases and the frequency remains constant, the wavelength must increase to maintain the relationship .

Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for propagation as they are oscillations of electric and magnetic fields that can travel through a vacuum . In contrast, mechanical waves rely on particle interaction within a medium, such as air, water, or solids, to propagate. This fundamental difference allows electromagnetic waves like light to travel through space, enabling astronomical observations and interstellar communication, while mechanical waves like sound are limited to environments with matter .

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