Streaming video in SignalR MVC involves leveraging SignalR's real-time

communication capabilities to transmit video data between a server and

clients. While SignalR is excellent for real-time data, directly streaming raw video
frames through SignalR for high-quality, high-framerate video is generally not the
most efficient or scalable approach due to bandwidth and processing overhead.
However, SignalR can be effectively used to coordinate and manage video
streaming, or to stream fragments of video data in scenarios where full, continuous
streaming isn't required.
Here's a breakdown of how you might approach streaming video with SignalR in an
MVC application:

1. Using SignalR for Coordination and Control:

 Video Player Synchronization:

SignalR can be used to synchronize video playback across multiple clients. For
example, when one client plays, pauses, or seeks a video, SignalR can broadcast
these commands to other connected clients, ensuring everyone watches the same
part of the video.
 Live Stream Notifications:

If you have an external video streaming service (e.g., YouTube Live, Twitch), SignalR
can notify clients when a new live stream starts or ends, or when events occur within
the stream.
 Interactive Overlays:
You can use SignalR to push real-time data or interactive elements that overlay a
video player, such as polls, chat messages, or annotations.
2. Streaming Video Fragments or Data:
 Small Video Clips or GIFs:

For very short video clips or animated GIFs, you could potentially convert them to
byte arrays and stream them in chunks via SignalR. The client would then reconstruct
and play the video.
 Webcam Streaming (Limited):

For low-resolution, low-framerate webcam streams, you might capture frames as

images (e.g., JPEG) on the client, send them to the server, and then broadcast them
to other clients. The clients would then display these images sequentially in
an <img> tag or a <canvas> element. This is generally more suitable for very specific,
low-demand scenarios.
 Adaptive Bitrate Streaming (External Service):
For robust video streaming, it's more common to use a dedicated streaming service
(like Azure Media Services, AWS Elemental MediaLive, or even a simple HTTP Live
Streaming (HLS) or Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) setup). SignalR
 would then be used to manage the delivery of the manifest files or to signal when
new segments are available.
General Steps for Implementation (using fragments as an
example):
 Set up SignalR Hub: Create a SignalR Hub in your MVC application to handle
communication related to video.
Mã
public class VideoHub : Hub
{
public async Task SendVideoChunk(byte[] chunk)
{
await [Link]("ReceiveVideoChunk", chunk);
}
// ... other methods for control/synchronization
}

 Client-Side Video Capture/Processing:

 If capturing from a webcam, use JavaScript's getUserMedia API to access the
webcam.
 Process video frames (e.g., convert to JPEG images) and send them as byte arrays
to the SignalR Hub.
 Client-Side Video Playback:
 On the client, listen for the ReceiveVideoChunk event from the SignalR Hub.

 Reconstruct the video from the received chunks (e.g., by displaying sequential
images in an <img> tag or drawing on a <canvas> element).
Important Considerations:
 Performance and Bandwidth:
Streaming raw video data directly through SignalR can be very demanding on server
resources and network bandwidth, especially for high-quality video or many
concurrent users.
 Scalability:

For large-scale video streaming, consider dedicated streaming solutions that are
optimized for this purpose.
 Alternative Technologies:
For full-featured video streaming, investigate technologies like WebRTC (for peer-to-
peer real-time communication) or dedicated streaming protocols (HLS, DASH).
SignalR is best utilized as a control plane or for specific, low-bandwidth video-related
interactions within an MVC application, rather than as a primary video streaming
engine for high-quality, continuous video.

///////////////////////////////
 SignalR offers robust capabilities for client-to-server and server-to-client streaming,
enabling the transfer of data streams in real-time. This is particularly useful for
scenarios involving large data sets, continuous updates, or media streaming.

Client-to-Server Streaming:
Clients can stream data to a SignalR hub method
using IAsyncEnumerable<T> or ChannelReader as arguments in .NET clients, or
a Subject in the JavaScript client. This allows for sending data in chunks without
waiting for the entire data set to be available.

Server-to-Client Streaming:
SignalR hubs can stream data to clients
using IAsyncEnumerable<T> or ChannelReader as the return type of a hub
method. Clients then receive this stream and can process the data as it arrives. This
is commonly used for scenarios like live data feeds, progress updates, or media
streaming.

Implementation Details:
 Hub Methods:

Define hub methods with appropriate return types

(IAsyncEnumerable<T>, ChannelReader) for server-to-client streaming or parameters
(IAsyncEnumerable<T>, ChannelReader, Subject) for client-to-server streaming.

 Client Invocation:
Clients invoke streaming hub methods using StreamAsChannelAsync (for .NET)
or stream (for JavaScript) and handle the incoming stream.

 Data Handling:

Implement logic on both the client and server to process the streamed data in
chunks, such as converting byte arrays to media formats for video playback or
processing individual lines of a text file.
 Performance Considerations:
Optimize for performance by ensuring WebSocket transport is utilized when possible,
as it offers significant advantages for real-time streaming.
Example Use Cases:
 Real-time Video/Audio Streaming: Stream webcam feeds, live broadcasts, or pre-
recorded media.
 Large File Uploads/Downloads: Transfer large files in chunks, providing progress
updates.
 Live Data Feeds: Deliver continuous updates from sensors, financial markets, or
other data sources.
 Progress Reporting: Provide real-time feedback on long-running operations.
 /////////////////////
Streaming in SignalR with [Link] Core MVC allows for real-time data flow
between the server and clients, enabling scenarios like live updates, chat
applications, and even some forms of media streaming. This functionality is built
upon SignalR's persistent connections, which typically utilize WebSockets and fall
back to other transports if WebSockets are unavailable.

Key concepts for streaming in SignalR MVC:

 Hubs:

SignalR Hubs act as the central point of communication. You define methods in your
Hub class that can be invoked by clients, and you can also invoke client-side
methods from the Hub.
 Server-to-Client Streaming:
 IAsyncEnumerable<T>: This interface allows you to define a server-side Hub
method that streams a sequence of items to the client over time. The client receives
these items as they become available, rather than waiting for the entire collection to
be sent.
 ChannelReader<T>: On the client-side (e.g., using the .NET client), you receive
a ChannelReader<T> from the StreamAsChannelAsync invocation, representing the
incoming stream of data.
 Client-to-Server Streaming:
 IAsyncEnumerable<T> or ChannelReader: From the .NET client, you can pass
an IAsyncEnumerable<T> or a ChannelReader as an argument
to SendAsync, InvokeAsync, or StreamAsChannelAsync when calling a server-side Hub
method.
 Server-side processing: The server-side Hub method receives these streaming
arguments and can process the incoming data as it arrives from the client.
Example (Conceptual):
Server-side Hub (C#):
Mã
public class StreamingHub : Hub
{
public async IAsyncEnumerable<int> CounterStream(int count, int delay,
[EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
[Link]();
yield return i;
await [Link](delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
}
 Client-side (JavaScript in an MVC view):
JavaScript
const connection = new [Link]()
.withUrl("/streamingHub")
.build();

[Link]("ReceiveStreamItem", (item) => {

[Link](`Received item: ${item}`);
});

async function startStream() {

try {
await [Link]();
[Link]("SignalR Connected.");

[Link]("CounterStream", 10, 1000)

.subscribe({
next: (item) => {
[Link](`Streamed item: ${item}`);
},
complete: () => {
[Link]("Stream completed.");
},
error: (err) => {
[Link]("Stream error:", err);
}
});

} catch (err) {
[Link](err);
}
}

startStream();

In an [Link] Core MVC application:

 Configure SignalR: Add [Link]() in [Link] (or [Link] in
older versions).
 Map Hub: Map your SignalR Hub to a URL endpoint
using [Link]<YourHubName>("/yourHubPath").

 Client-side integration: Include the SignalR client-side library in your MVC views
and establish a connection to your Hub, then implement client-side logic to invoke or
receive streams.
While SignalR streaming is powerful for real-time data, for very high-bandwidth media
streaming (like live video), dedicated media streaming technologies are generally
more optimized.
//////////////////////////////////////
SignalR facilitates real-time streaming between clients and servers, enabling
scenarios like live data feeds, chat applications, and screen sharing. Here's a basic
example demonstrating server-to-client streaming:

Server-side ([Link] Core SignalR Hub):

Mã
 using [Link];
using [Link]; // Required for ChannelReader

public class StreamingHub : Hub

{
public ChannelReader<int> Counter(int count, int delay)
{
var channel = [Link]<int>();

// We don't want to block the caller, so we launch a new task

_ = WriteItemsAsync([Link], count, delay);

return [Link];
}

private async Task WriteItemsAsync(ChannelWriter<int> writer, int

count, int delay)
{
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
await [Link](i);
await [Link](delay);
}

[Link]();
}
}

In this example:
 The StreamingHub defines a Counter method that returns
a ChannelReader<int>. This ChannelReader represents the stream of integer values.
 The WriteItemsAsync method simulates producing data by writing integers to
the ChannelWriter with a specified delay.
 The [Link]() call signals the end of the stream.
Client-side (JavaScript):
JavaScript
const connection = new [Link]()
.withUrl("/streamingHub") // Replace with your hub URL
.build();

[Link]()
.then(() => {
[Link]("Connected to SignalR hub.");

// Call the streaming hub method

[Link]("Counter", 10, 500) // Stream 10 items with 500ms
delay
.subscribe({
next: (item) => {
[Link](`Received item: ${item}`);
},
complete: () => {
[Link]("Stream completed.");
},
error: (err) => {
[Link]("Stream error:", err);
}
 });
})
.catch(err => [Link]([Link]()));

In this client-side example:

 A HubConnection is established to the SignalR hub.
 The [Link]() method is used to invoke the Counter hub method and
subscribe to the incoming stream of data.
 The subscribe object handles next (for each received item), complete (when the
stream ends), and error (if an error occurs).
This demonstrates a fundamental server-to-client streaming scenario. SignalR also
supports client-to-server streaming and bi-directional streaming for more complex
real-time communication needs.
//////////////////
SignalR can be used to facilitate video streaming, particularly in scenarios involving
real-time communication and screen sharing. While SignalR itself isn't a dedicated
video streaming platform, it can act as a signaling layer to manage and coordinate
the streaming process.
Here's an example of how SignalR can be integrated into a video streaming solution,
specifically for a screen sharing application:

1. Server-Side ([Link] Core SignalR Hub):

Mã
// [Link]
public class ScreenCastHub : Hub
{
private readonly ScreenCastManager screenCastManager; // Manages
viewers and agents

public ScreenCastHub(ScreenCastManager screenCastManager)

{
[Link] = screenCastManager;
}

// Called by a screen-sharing agent to start broadcasting

public async Task AddScreenCastAgent(string agentName)
{
// Add agent to a group, manage connections, etc.
}

// Called by a viewer to join a screen-sharing session

public async Task AddViewer(string agentName)
{
// Add viewer to the agent's group
await [Link]([Link],
$"AGENT_{agentName}");
}

// Method to receive screen data from an agent and broadcast to viewers

public async Task SendScreenFrame(string agentName, byte[] frameData)
{
// Broadcast the frame data to all viewers in the agent's group
await
[Link]($"AGENT_{agentName}").ReceiveScreenFrame(frameData);
 }

// Handle disconnections
public override async Task OnDisconnectedAsync(Exception exception)
{
// Remove agent or viewer from manager
await [Link](exception);
}
}

2. Client-Side (JavaScript/TypeScript using SignalR client

library):
JavaScript
// [Link]
const connection = new [Link]()
.withUrl("/screencastHub") // Hub URL
.build();

// Event handler for receiving screen frames

[Link]("ReceiveScreenFrame", (frameData) => {
// Process the received frameData (e.g., convert to Blob, create Object
URL)
const blob = new Blob([frameData], { type: 'image/jpeg' }); // Or
appropriate image type
const imageUrl = [Link](blob);

// Update an <img> or
<video>
element with the new frame
const videoElement = [Link]('screenViewer');
[Link] = imageUrl;
});

async function startScreenSharing(agentName) {

await [Link]();
await [Link]("AddScreenCastAgent", agentName);

// Get screen capture (e.g., using [Link])

const stream = await [Link]({ video:
true });
const videoTrack = [Link]()[0];

// Periodically send frames to the server

const imageCapture = new ImageCapture(videoTrack);
setInterval(async () => {
const bitmap = await [Link]();
 const canvas = [Link]('canvas');
[Link] = [Link];
[Link] = [Link];
const ctx = [Link]('2d');
[Link](bitmap, 0, 0);
[Link](async (blob) => {
const arrayBuffer = await [Link]();
await [Link]("SendScreenFrame", agentName, new
Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
}, 'image/jpeg'); // Or other suitable format
}, 100); // Adjust frame rate as needed
}

async function startViewing(agentName) {

await [Link]();
await [Link]("AddViewer", agentName);
}

Explanation:
 ScreenCastHub:

This SignalR hub handles connections from both screen-sharing agents and
viewers. It provides methods for agents to send screen frames (SendScreenFrame)
and for viewers to receive them (ReceiveScreenFrame).

 Client-Side Logic:
 An agent captures screen frames (e.g., using getDisplayMedia and ImageCapture).

 These frames are converted to byte arrays (e.g., JPEG blobs) and sent to the hub
via [Link]("SendScreenFrame", ...).
 Viewers connect to the hub and listen for the ReceiveScreenFrame event.
 Upon receiving a frame, viewers process the byte array (e.g., create an Object
URL from a Blob) and update an HTML <img> or `

//////////////////////////////////////
SignalR supports streaming return values from server methods and sending streams from
clients to the server. This allows for scenarios where data fragments arrive over time and are
processed as they become available, rather than waiting for all data to be collected.

Server-to-Client Streaming
Server-side (Hub):
Mã
using [Link];
using [Link];
using [Link];
using [Link];
public class StreamingHub : Hub
{
public async IAsyncEnumerable<int> CounterStream(int count, int
delaySeconds, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
[Link](); // Check for
client disconnection
await [Link](delaySeconds * 1000, cancellationToken);
yield return i;
}
}
}

Client-side (JavaScript):
JavaScript
const connection = new [Link]()
.withUrl("/streamingHub") // Replace with your hub URL
.build();

[Link](error => {
[Link]("Connection closed:", error);
});

async function start() {

try {
await [Link]();
[Link]("SignalR Connected.");

[Link]("CounterStream", 10, 1) // Call server method

with arguments
.subscribe({
next: (item) => {
[Link](`Received item: ${item}`);
},
complete: () => {
[Link]("Stream completed.");
},
error: (err) => {
[Link]("Stream error:", err);
}
});

} catch (err) {
[Link]("Error starting connection:", err);
}
}

start();

Client-to-Server Streaming
Server-side (Hub):
Mã
using [Link];
using [Link];
using [Link];

public class StreamingHub : Hub

 {
public async Task UploadStream(IAsyncEnumerable<string> stream)
{
await foreach (var item in stream)
{
// Process each item received from the client
await [Link]("ReceiveUploadedItem", item); //
Broadcast to all clients
}
}
}

Client-side (JavaScript):
JavaScript
const connection = new [Link]()
.withUrl("/streamingHub")
.build();

[Link](error => {
[Link]("Connection closed:", error);
});

async function start() {

try {
await [Link]();
[Link]("SignalR Connected.");

const subject = new [Link]();

await [Link]("UploadStream", subject); // Send the subject
for streaming

let counter = 0;
const intervalHandle = setInterval(() => {
counter++;
[Link](`Client item ${counter}`); // Send items to the
server
if (counter === 5) {
clearInterval(intervalHandle);
[Link](); // Signal end of stream
}
}, 1000);

[Link]("ReceiveUploadedItem", (item) => {

[Link](`Server received and broadcasted: ${item}`);
});

} catch (err) {
[Link]("Error starting connection:", err);
}
}

start();

Explanation:
 Server-to-Client:
The server method returns IAsyncEnumerable<T>, allowing it to yield return items as
they become available. The client uses [Link]() and subscribes to receive these
items.
 Client-to-Server:
The client creates a [Link]() and sends it to a server method that
accepts IAsyncEnumerable<T>. The client then uses [Link]() to push items to the
server and [Link]() to signal the end of the stream.

 Cancellation Tokens:
Server-side streaming methods can accept a CancellationToken to detect client
disconnections and stop streaming gracefully.

/////////////////////////////

Use streaming in [Link] Core SignalR

 06/19/2024

By Brennan Conroy

[Link] Core SignalR supports streaming from client to server and from server to
client. This is useful for scenarios where fragments of data arrive over time. When
streaming, each fragment is sent to the client or server as soon as it becomes
available, rather than waiting for all of the data to become available.

View or download sample code (how to download)

Set up a hub for streaming

A hub method automatically becomes a streaming hub method when it

returns IAsyncEnumerable<T>, ChannelReader<T>, Task<IAsyncEnumerable<T>>,
or Task<ChannelReader<T>>.

Server-to-client streaming

Streaming hub methods can return IAsyncEnumerable<T> in addition

to ChannelReader<T>. The simplest way to return IAsyncEnumerable<T> is by making the
hub method an async iterator method as the following sample demonstrates. Hub
async iterator methods can accept a CancellationToken parameter that's triggered
when the client unsubscribes from the stream. Async iterator methods avoid
problems common with Channels, such as not returning the ChannelReader early
enough or exiting the method without completing the ChannelWriter<T>.

Note

The following sample requires C# 8.0 or later.

C#

public class AsyncEnumerableHub : Hub

{
public async IAsyncEnumerable<int> Counter(
int count,
int delay,
[EnumeratorCancellation]
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
// Check the cancellation token regularly so that the server will stop
// producing items if the client disconnects.
[Link]();

yield return i;

// Use the cancellationToken in other APIs that accept cancellation

// tokens so the cancellation can flow down to them.
await [Link](delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
}

The following sample shows the basics of streaming data to the client using
Channels. Whenever an object is written to the ChannelWriter<T>, the object is
immediately sent to the client. At the end, the ChannelWriter is completed to tell the
client the stream is closed.

Note

Write to the ChannelWriter<T> on a background thread and return

the ChannelReader as soon as possible. Other hub invocations are blocked until
a ChannelReader is returned.

Wrap logic in a try ... catch statement. Complete the Channel in a finally block. If
you want to flow an error, capture it inside the catch block and write it in
the finally block.

C#

public ChannelReader<int> Counter(

int count,
int delay,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var channel = [Link]<int>();

// We don't want to await WriteItemsAsync, otherwise we'd end up waiting

// for all the items to be written before returning the channel back to
// the client.
_ = WriteItemsAsync([Link], count, delay, cancellationToken);

return [Link];
}

private async Task WriteItemsAsync(

ChannelWriter<int> writer,
int count,
int delay,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
Exception localException = null;
try
{
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
await [Link](i, cancellationToken);

// Use the cancellationToken in other APIs that accept cancellation

// tokens so the cancellation can flow down to them.
await [Link](delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
localException = ex;
}
finally
{
[Link](localException);
}
}

Server-to-client streaming hub methods can accept a CancellationToken parameter

that's triggered when the client unsubscribes from the stream. Use this token to stop
the server operation and release any resources if the client disconnects before the
end of the stream.

Client-to-server streaming

A hub method automatically becomes a client-to-server streaming hub method when

it accepts one or more objects of type ChannelReader<T> or IAsyncEnumerable<T>.
The following sample shows the basics of reading streaming data sent from the client.
Whenever the client writes to the ChannelWriter<T>, the data is written into
the ChannelReader on the server from which the hub method is reading.

C#
public async Task UploadStream(ChannelReader<string> stream)
{
while (await [Link]())
{
while ([Link](out var item))
{
// do something with the stream item
[Link](item);
}
}
}

An IAsyncEnumerable<T> version of the method follows.

Note

The following sample requires C# 8.0 or later.

C#

public async Task UploadStream(IAsyncEnumerable<string> stream)

{
await foreach (var item in stream)
{
[Link](item);
}
}

.NET client

Server-to-client streaming

The StreamAsync and StreamAsChannelAsync methods on HubConnection are used to

invoke server-to-client streaming methods. Pass the hub method name and
arguments defined in the hub method to StreamAsync or StreamAsChannelAsync. The
generic parameter on StreamAsync<T> and StreamAsChannelAsync<T> specifies the type
of objects returned by the streaming method. An object of
type IAsyncEnumerable<T> or ChannelReader<T> is returned from the stream invocation
and represents the stream on the client.

A StreamAsync example that returns IAsyncEnumerable<int>:

C#

// Call "Cancel" on this CancellationTokenSource to send a cancellation message to

// the server, which will trigger the corresponding token in the hub method.
var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
var stream = [Link]<int>(
"Counter", 10, 500, [Link]);

await foreach (var count in stream)

{
[Link]($"{count}");
}

[Link]("Streaming completed");

A corresponding StreamAsChannelAsync example that returns ChannelReader<int>:

C#
// Call "Cancel" on this CancellationTokenSource to send a cancellation message to
// the server, which will trigger the corresponding token in the hub method.
var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
var channel = await [Link]<int>(
"Counter", 10, 500, [Link]);

// Wait asynchronously for data to become available

while (await [Link]())
{
// Read all currently available data synchronously, before waiting for more
data
while ([Link](out var count))
{
[Link]($"{count}");
}
}

[Link]("Streaming completed");

In the previous code:

 The StreamAsChannelAsync method on HubConnection is used to invoke a

server-to-client streaming method. Pass the hub method name and
arguments defined in the hub method to StreamAsChannelAsync.
 The generic parameter on StreamAsChannelAsync<T> specifies the type of
objects returned by the streaming method.
 A ChannelReader<T> is returned from the stream invocation and represents
the stream on the client.

Client-to-server streaming

There are two ways to invoke a client-to-server streaming hub method from the .NET
client. You can either pass in an IAsyncEnumerable<T> or a ChannelReader as an
argument to SendAsync, InvokeAsync, or StreamAsChannelAsync, depending on the hub
method invoked.

Whenever data is written to the IAsyncEnumerable or ChannelWriter object, the hub

method on the server receives a new item with the data from the client.

If using an IAsyncEnumerable object, the stream ends after the method returning
stream items exits.

Note

The following sample requires C# 8.0 or later.

C#
async IAsyncEnumerable<string> clientStreamData()
{
 for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
var data = await FetchSomeData();
yield return data;
}
//After the for loop has completed and the local function exits the stream
completion will be sent.
}

await [Link]("UploadStream", clientStreamData());

Or if you're using a ChannelWriter, you complete the channel

with [Link]():

C#
var channel = [Link]<string>(10);
await [Link]("UploadStream", [Link]);
await [Link]("some data");
await [Link]("some more data");
[Link]();

JavaScript client

Server-to-client streaming

JavaScript clients call server-to-client streaming methods on hubs

with [Link]. The stream method accepts two arguments:

 The name of the hub method. In the following example, the hub method
name is Counter.
 Arguments defined in the hub method. In the following example, the
arguments are a count for the number of stream items to receive and the
delay between stream items.

[Link] returns an IStreamResult, which contains a subscribe method. Pass

an IStreamSubscriber to subscribe and set the next, error, and complete callbacks to
receive notifications from the stream invocation.

JavaScript

[Link]("Counter", 10, 500)

.subscribe({
next: (item) => {
var li = [Link]("li");
[Link] = item;
[Link]("messagesList").appendChild(li);
},
complete: () => {
var li = [Link]("li");
 [Link] = "Stream completed";
[Link]("messagesList").appendChild(li);
},
error: (err) => {
var li = [Link]("li");
[Link] = err;
[Link]("messagesList").appendChild(li);
},
});

To end the stream from the client, call the dispose method on the ISubscription that's
returned from the subscribe method. Calling this method causes cancellation of
the CancellationToken parameter of the Hub method, if you provided one.

Client-to-server streaming

JavaScript clients call client-to-server streaming methods on hubs by passing in

a Subject as an argument to send, invoke, or stream, depending on the hub method
invoked. The Subject is a class that looks like a Subject. For example in RxJS, you can
use the Subject class from that library.

JavaScript

const subject = new [Link]();

yield [Link]("UploadStream", subject);
var iteration = 0;
const intervalHandle = setInterval(() => {
iteration++;
[Link]([Link]());
if (iteration === 10) {
clearInterval(intervalHandle);
[Link]();
}
}, 500);

Calling [Link](item) with an item writes the item to the stream, and the hub
method receives the item on the server.

To end the stream, call [Link]().

Java client

Server-to-client streaming

The SignalR Java client uses the stream method to invoke streaming
methods. stream accepts three or more arguments:

 The expected type of the stream items.

  The name of the hub method.
 Arguments defined in the hub method.
Java
[Link]([Link], "ExampleStreamingHubMethod", "Arg1")
.subscribe(
(item) -> {/* Define your onNext handler here. */ },
(error) -> {/* Define your onError handler here. */},
() -> {/* Define your onCompleted handler here. */});

The stream method on HubConnection returns an Observable of the stream item type.
The Observable type's subscribe method is
where onNext, onError and onCompleted handlers are defined.

Client-to-server streaming

The SignalR Java client can call client-to-server streaming methods on hubs by
passing in an Observable as an argument to send, invoke, or stream, depending on the
hub method invoked.

Java

ReplaySubject<String> stream = [Link]();

[Link]("UploadStream", stream);
[Link]("FirstItem");
[Link]("SecondItem");
[Link]();

Calling [Link](item) with an item writes the item to the stream, and the hub
method receives the item on the server.

To end the stream, call [Link]().