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Doping refers to the use of prohibited substances or methods to enhance sports performance, posing significant health risks to athletes. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) defines doping violations and prohibits various substances and methods, including stimulants, anabolic steroids, blood doping, and gene doping. Athletes must comply with strict testing procedures and remain under the observation of doping control officials to ensure fair competition.

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3 views3 pages

Selfstudys Com File

Doping refers to the use of prohibited substances or methods to enhance sports performance, posing significant health risks to athletes. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) defines doping violations and prohibits various substances and methods, including stimulants, anabolic steroids, blood doping, and gene doping. Athletes must comply with strict testing procedures and remain under the observation of doping control officials to ensure fair competition.

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futurebridgesolution
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Revision Notes

Chapter 4
DOPING

Introduction

Drugs are life saving as well as life threatening chemicals. They are used by sports persons
for different purposes. Performance enhancing drugs are banned in sports. The reasons for
the ban are mainly, the health risks of performance enhancing drugs.

Anti-doping authorities state that using performance enhancing drugs goes against the spirit
of sports.

According to world anti-doping Agency (WADA) “Doping is defined as the occurrence of one
or more of the anti-doping rule violations.

MEANING AND TYPES OF DOPING (Concept)

Doping is the use of prohibited substance or methods to improve sports performance. It can
also be defined as use of drugs or sports performance. Doping methods or substances might
harm the health of athletes and might be fatal.

Types of Doping (Classification)

(i) Performance enhancing substance:

Stimulants
Anabolic Steroids
Peptide hormones
Beta-2 Agonist
Narcotics
Diuretics
Cannabinoids.

(ii) Physical methods.


Blood doping and Gene doping comes under physical method.

Blood doping: It is the process of increasing the Red blood cells by blood transfusion. Blood
doping increases hemoglobin allows higher amount of to fuel an athlete’s muscles. This
can improve stamina and performance, particularly in long distance events.

Gene doping: It is the non-therapeutic use of cells, genes, genetic elements or of the
modulation of gene expression, having the capacity to improve athletic performance.

Increasing muscle growth, blood production, endurance and pan resistance. In such cases
nothing unusual would enter the blood stream. So officials would detect nothing in blood or
wine test. Some viruses target certain organ, such as kidney, liver. Therefore only samples
are taken from these area’s that could lead to detection.

PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES AND METHODS

Substances prohibited at all times.

Stimulants
Narcotics
Steroids
Growth hormones
Beta Blockers
Diuretics
Blood doping

Methods prohibited at all times or in or out of competition: The following methods are
prohibited at all times.

Blood doping
Gene doping

Responsibilities of Athletes

Remain in direct observation of the Doping Control Officer.


Produce proper photo identification
Comply with sample collection procedures.
Report immediately for test.

ERGOGENIC AIDS AND DOPING IN SPORTS: Ergogenics aids are any external influences
that can be determined to enhance performance in sports. These includes:

Mechanical aids
Pharmacological aids
Physiological aids
Nutritional aids
Psychological aids

DOPING CONTROL PROCEDURE: Dope test is done on athletes by World Anti Doping
Agency (WADA). This agency checks and controls doping in sports. It provides technical and
financial help for testing. In India, the controlling body under the WADA is named as
National Anti Doping Agency (NADA).

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