Chapter 1: Chemical reaction and equation
Q1) What do you mean by chemical reaction ?
A) Transformation of a chemical substance into another chemical substance is known as chemical
reaction. The chemical reaction involves chemical change.
Q2: State the observation that help us to determine whether the chemical reaction has taken place.
A) 1) Change in state
2) Change in colour
3) Evolution of a gas
4) Change in temperature
Q3) What is meant by a chemical equation?
A) The method of representing a chemical reaction with the help of symbols and formulae of
the substances involved in it is known as a chemical equation.
Note:
General form of chemical equation is
A+B→C+D
Reactants- The substances which take part in a chemical reaction ( A and B)
Product- New substances formed after the chemical reaction ( C and D)
Arrow indicate the direction of chemical reaction. Condition if any are written above the arrow.
The gaseous, liquid, aqueous and solid states of reactants and products are represented by the
notations (g), (l), (aq) and (s), respectively.
340 atm , 300°c
CO(g) + 2H2 (g) CH3OH(l)
ZnO + CrO3
6CO2(aq) +6H2O(l) C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(aq)
sunlight
Chlorophyll
Word equation : Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide
Using symbol (skeletal) : Mg + O2 → MgO
Balanced equation : 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
Q4) What is a balanced chemical equation ?
A) Balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of different elements in the
reactants and products.
Eg. Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Q5) What is an unbalanced chemical Equation?
A) If the number of atoms of each element present in reactants is not equal to number of atoms of
each element present in products, then the chemical equation is said to be an unbalanced chemical
equation.
Eg. Fe + H2O → Fe3O4 + H2
Q6) Chemical equations should be always balanced. G.R
A) According to the law of conservation of mass, mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a
chemical reaction. Hence to obey the law of conservation of mass chemical equations should
always be balanced.
Q.7) Describe HIT and TRIAL method of balancing equation.
A) In a skeletal chemical equation the number of atoms of an element on right hand side are
balanced with the number of atoms of element of Left hand side by introducing whole numbers.
This method of balancing is called HIT and TRIAL method.
Q8) Magnesium ribbon burns in air with a dazzling white flame and changes into a white powder.
a) Name the white coloured compound formed.
A) Magnesium oxide (MgO)
b) Write the balanced chemical equation for above reaction.
A) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
Q9) Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
A) Magnesium is a reactive metal. When stored, it reacts with oxygen from air and forms a layer
of magnesium oxide. Hence it is cleaned to remove this layer so that the underlying metal can be
exposed for reaction.
Q10) Balance the following chemical equations.
1) Fe + H2O → Fe3O4 + H2
A) 3Fe + 4H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2
2) CO+ H2 → CH3OH
A) CO+ 2H2 → CH3OH
3) C4H10 + O2 →CO2 + H2O
A) 2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O
Q11) Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.
1) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
A) Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
2) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
A) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 +2Ag
3) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
A) 2Al + 3CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
4) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium Chloride
A) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl
Q12) Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reaction.
(i) Methane gas (CH4) when burned with oxygen gas (O2) gives carbon dioxide gas and water
A) CH4(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
Q.13) Differentiate between reactants and products.
Reactants Products
The substances which take part in a chemical The new substances produced as a result of
reaction are called reactants. chemical reaction are called products.
The reactants are always written on the left The products are always written on the right
hand side of an equation. hand side of an equation.
Q.14) What do you mean by an aqueous solution?
A) When the reactant or product is present as a solution in water, it is called as an aqueous
solution.