SAMPLING
By Elijah Miasco
SAMPLING
The method or process you used in selecting
respondents or people to answer questions
meants to yield data for a researh study.
POPULATION
The large or bigger group from where
the chosen sample came from.
SAMPLE
The chosen participants.
SAMPLING FRAME
The list of the members of such population.
SAMPLING ERROR
The difference between the results obtained from the
sample and the actual results of the entire population
due to the use of a limited number of respondents.
Note:
The smaller the sample, the bigger the number of
sampling errors.
Sampling error is common in non-probability
sampling.
NOTE:
Right sample size depends on whether heterogeneous
or homogeneous.
Heterogeneous=requires bigger size
Homogeneous=requires smaller size
PROBABILITY OR UNBIASED
SAMPLING
It involves all members listed in the sampling frame
representing a certain population focused on the
study.
It uses random selection where every member of
the population has an equal chance of being
chosen.
TYPES OF
PROBABILITY
SAMPLING
1. SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING
The best type of probability sampling where you select
participants using pure-chance selection.
1. SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING
The best type of probability sampling where you select
participants using pure-chance selection.
1. SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING
According to Burns (2012), it happens through any of
these two methods:
1. Have a list of all members of the population; write
each name on a card, and choose cards through a
pure-chance selection.
2. Have a list of all members; give them number and
then use randomized or unordered numbers in
selecting names from the list.
EXAMPLE:
Given:
The total population of SHAIS = 300 students
Average students per section = 25 students
Formula: Slovin’s Formula
n= N
1 + Ne 2
where:
N =total population;
n =sample size;
e =margin of error (0.05)
EXAMPLE:
Solution:
n= N = 300 = 300 = 171
1 + Ne 2
1+ 300(0.05) 2
1.75
So, the research study will have 171 participants.
2. SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
Chance and system are the ones to determine
who should compose the sample.
EXAMPLE:
Given:
The total population of SHAIS = 320 students
Desired sample size = 20 students
Formula:
k= N
n
where;
k =sampling interval or the fixed gap;
N =total population; n =sample size
EXAMPLE:
Solution:
k = N = 320 = 16
n 20
If you randomly start at number one (1), then count by
16s:
1, 16, 32, 48, 64, and so on....
3. STRATIFIED SAMPLING
The population is first divided into subgroups
called strata or stratum based on a common
characteristic
EXAMPLE:
Given:
The total population of senior high = 100 students
G-11 = 25 students; G-12 = 25 students
Desired sample size = 20 students
Formula:
nh = Nh x n
N
where;
nh =sample from each stratum;
Nh =population of the stratum;
N =total population; n =sample size
EXAMPLE:
Solution:
G-11: nh = 25 x 20 = 5
100
G-12: nh = 25 x 20 = 5
100
So, the sample will be:
5 from grade 11
5 from grade 12
4. CLUSTER SAMPLING
The population will be divided into groups
called clusters, and the entire cluster are
randomly selected to serve as a research
sample.
EXAMPLE:
Given:
The total population of SHAIS = 300 students
Average students per section = 25 students
Formula:
n= N no. of cluster = n
1 + Ne 2
average members per cluster
where:
N =total population;
n =sample size;
e =margin of error (0.05)
EXAMPLE:
Solution:
Step 1: using Slovin
n= N = 300 = 300 = 171
1+Ne 2
1 + 300(0.05) 2
1.75
Step 2: compute cluster
no. of cluster = n
average members per cluster
= 171 = 6.84 or 7
25
So, the study will ramdomly select 7 grade levels to
acquire the total of 171 participants.
NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING
It is a sampling method that disregards random
selection of subjects.
The participants are chosen based on their
avaibility, judgement, the specific criteria of the
study or the purpose.
TYPES OF NON-
PROBABILITY
SAMPLING
1. QUOTA SAMPLING
It is used when the researcher know the
characteristics of the target population
EXAMPLE:
Given:
The total population of senior high = 100 students
G-11 = 25 students; G-12 = 25 students
Desired sample size = 20 students
Formula:
( )
Quota for a group = Group Population x Sample Size
Total population
where;
Group population =no. in the subgroups;
EXAMPLE:
Solution:
( )
Quota for a group = Group Population x Sample Size
Total population
Grade 11 & 12:
( )
25
100
x 20 = (0.25) 20 = 5
So, the researcher must survey 5 g11 students and 5 g12
students.
2. VOLUNTARY SAMPLING
The participates in the sample selection are
the ones volunteering to constitute the sample,
in the other words, the researcher doesn’t
need to do any selection process.
2. VOLUNTARY SAMPLING
NOTE:
People choose to participate in the study
Doesn’t need to compute how many per
group or how many participants
There is no control who ever joins the study
3. PURPOSIVE OR
JUDGEMENTAL SAMPLING
The researcher choose people who could
correspond to the objectives of the study.
3. PURPOSIVE OR
JUDGEMENTAL SAMPLING
Note:
The selection of the respondents will be
based on the criteria, judgement, or
purpose of the study.
4. AVAILABILITY SAMPLING
The willingness of a person as your subject to
interact or choosing a respondents who is easy
to countact with.
4. AVAILABILITY SAMPLING
Note:
The reasercher will decide the targert
respondents.
5. SNOWBALL SAMPLING
A sampling method who does not give a
specific set of samples. It expand and
accumulate freely at a certain place.
5. SNOWBALL SAMPLING
Note:
The existing participants will help the
researcher find more participants.
QUIZ TIME!