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Computer Science

The document outlines examination details for a Computer Science paper scheduled for February 14, 2024, including instructions for candidates on how to fill out their information and answer questions. It specifies that the total marks for the paper are 80 and provides guidelines on answering questions, including the prohibition of calculators. Additionally, it includes sample questions related to networking, encryption, and binary manipulation.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

8 views220 pages

Computer Science

Uploaded by

ijishakins

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Wednesday 14 February 2024

Afternoon (Time: 2 hours) Subject Teacher:

Computer Science Paper reference: 4CP0/01

PAPER 1: Principles of Computer Science

You must have: Total Marks

Pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
• Marks will not be awarded for using product or trade names in answers without giving
further explanation.

CIS Lagos
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an

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answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 People use networks in all aspects of their lives.
(a) An office building has desktop computers connected in a network.
One reason for networking computers is to enable technicians to maintain
them remotely.
State two other reasons for connecting computers in a network.
(2)

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(b) Access to data must be controlled.

(i) Identify one reason that encryption is used.
(1)
A To compress the file so it takes up less storage space

B To make sure both sender and receiver use the same key

C To make sure data is only understood by the intended receiver

D To stop malicious hackers getting into a computer network

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(ii) File servers are in a small room at the back of an office.
The office has a burglar alarm.
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Give two other ways that the servers can be secured using physical methods.
(2)

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(iii) Phishing is a type of social engineering.

State what is meant by the term social engineering.
(1)

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(c) 5G is a communication standard.

Identify the characteristic that is true for the 5G communication standard.
(1)
A It has a high transmission latency

B It has built-in security

C It has a lower bandwidth than 3G and 4G

D It uses wireless communication

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(d) Programmers write and test code.
They use modular testing.

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State what is meant by the term modular testing.
(1)

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(e) Computer scientists are viewed as professionals, in the same way that doctors are
viewed as professionals.
Give two ways that computer scientists can demonstrate professionalism.
(2)

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(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)

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2 Computers manipulate binary patterns. People interpret those patterns.
(a) Complete the table by adding the hexadecimal notation for each of the
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denary values.
(2)

Denary Hexadecimal

(b) Identify the expression to give the number of unique binary patterns that can be
stored in six bits.
(1)

A 62

B 6×2
C 62 – 1

D 26

(c) Binary patterns are manipulated by shifts.

(i) Give the result of applying a logical shift right by two to the binary
pattern 0101 1100
(1)

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(ii) Give the result of applying an arithmetic shift right by three to the binary
pattern 1100 0101
(1)

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(d) Binary patterns can be interpreted as signed or unsigned integers.
(i) Convert the denary unsigned integer 60 to 8-bit binary.

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(2)

(ii) Here is a binary bit pattern for a signed integer in sign and magnitude format.

1001 0110

Convert the binary bit pattern to denary.

Be sure to include a sign symbol in your answer.
(2)

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(iii) Negating a signed integer means changing its sign without changing
its value.
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The negation of +16 is –16. The negation of –24 is +24.

Here is the binary bit pattern for a signed integer in two’s complement format.

1110 0101

Convert the binary pattern to its negation in two’s complement.

(2)

(e) Construct an expression to convert 13 kilobytes to kibibytes.

You do not need to do the calculation.
(2)

(Total for Question 2 = 13 marks)

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3 Software programs carry out tasks on computers.
(a) A headteacher uses a computer simulation to model the effect of increasing

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class sizes.
Explain one problem with using simulations to predict the effects of changes.
(2)

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(b) Images are stored as files before being displayed or printed.

(i) Give one measurement of image resolution.
(1)

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(ii) Increasing the colour depth of an image leads to an increase in the image
file size.
Describe the reason for the increase in file size.
(2)

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(c) Software is divided into two categories.
Describe one difference between system software and application software.
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(2)

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(d) Here is an image of secondary storage.

Two files (W and Z) are stored on it.
Each file is made up of several blocks (e.g. Z1, Z2, Z3).

W4 Z1 W2 W3 Z3 W1 Z2

Complete the image to show the state after running a defragmentation utility.
(2)

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(e) Here is part of a file that contains electric meter readings.

04631 04984 05103 05163 05271 05383 05487 05722

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Explain the effect on the file of applying a run-length encoding algorithm to this
data file.
(2)

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(f ) A series of tasks is written in different programming languages.

Complete the table to show the correct programming language translator for
each task.
(4)

Task Translator

A guessing game that can be used on

different computing platforms

A screen driver for a new smartphone

A new version of a spreadsheet program

for sale next year

Control software for an embedded system

inside a new washing machine

(Total for Question 3 = 15 marks)

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4 Data packets travel across networks from one device to another.
(a) Identify the measurement of network speeds.
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(1)
A Mebibits per second

B Mebibytes per second

C Megabits per second

D Megabytes per second

(b) Data packets contain the addresses of the sender and the receiver.
Complete the table to give the number of bits that make up each type of
network address.
(2)

Type Example Number of bits

IPv4 [Link]

IPv6 1050:a500:00c0:0440:0006:0300:700d:436f

(c) Data packets travel over physical media.

(i) Describe one difference between the media used by a wired network and a
wireless network.
(2)

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(ii) Some people confuse Ethernet® and Wi-Fi.
Describe what is meant by the term Ethernet®.

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(2)

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(d) A single physical box connects a desktop computer to the Internet.

The box incorporates three different components.
Complete the diagram to show the names of the components in the correct order.
(3)

Internet

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(e) Users enter passwords when logging onto a network and when creating accounts
using a web page.
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Describe one difference between validation and authentication.

(2)

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(Total for Question 4 = 12 marks)

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5 Hardware devices execute programs to carry out a variety of tasks.
(a) A program controls a bee character in an animation.

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The bee can turn to face North, East, South or West.
The bee can move any number of steps in the direction it is facing.
Complete the table to show one input and one output required to move the bee.
(2)

Requirement Example

Input

Process Calculate the path the bee will move along to its new position

Output

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*P72937A01424* 
(b) Computers are made up of hardware components.
(i) Complete the diagram by adding directional arrows between the components
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to show the flow of communication.

(3)

Speaker CPU Mouse

USB device

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(ii) Identify what is stored in ROM.
(1)

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A The software firewall

B The basic input output system

C The operating system

D The user interface code

(iii) Cache is used as temporary storage.

One type of cache is located between main memory and the CPU.
Explain one reason cache is used in a computer.
(2)

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(c) A washing machine uses several different embedded systems.
One embedded system uses a switch to identify the type of wash cycle selected
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by the user.
Describe one other example of an embedded system found in a
washing machine.
(2)

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(d) Programs use logic statements to control physical hardware.

(i) A window shuts when the temperature is too cool or it is a rainy night.
The values are defined as:
• A shows it is night time
• B shows it is too cool
• C shows it is raining.
Complete the truth table to show the results of each operation.
Two rows have been done for you.
(3)

A B C A AND C (A AND C) OR B

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1 1 1

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(ii) A warehouse has an automated alarm system.
When the alarm system is activated it will sound if:

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• a movement sensor (M) is activated
• a pressure pad (P) is activated
• a key code (C) to deactivate the alarm system has not been entered.
Construct a logic statement, using AND, OR and NOT with the letters M, P and
C, to show the conditions that will sound the alarm.
(3)

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(e) A computer with a single CPU runs several processes at the same time.
This computer is multitasking.
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Describe how the operating system enables processes to share a single CPU.
(2)

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(Total for Question 5 = 18 marks)

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6 Programmers share algorithms with different people and write algorithms for
different reasons.

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(a) A programmer is showing a new algorithm to a group of non-technical managers.
State an appropriate method for writing the algorithm.
Justify your answer.
(2)
Method

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Justification

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Figure 1 shows an algorithm that displays a string based on the number input by
the user.

1 SEND ("Enter a number: ") TO DISPLAY

2 RECEIVE inNum FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
3 IF ((inNum = 1) OR (inNum = 2)) THEN
4 IF (inNum = 1) THEN
5 SEND ("First") TO DISPLAY
6 ELSE
7 IF (inNum = 2) THEN
8 SEND ("Second") TO DISPLAY
9 END IF
10 END IF
11 ELSE
12 SEND ("Invalid input") TO DISPLAY
13 END IF

Figure 1

Give one reason why the selection statement on line 7 is not required.
(1)

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(c) Figure 2 shows an algorithm that manipulates arrays.
The algorithm works with any number of scores.
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1 SET oldScores TO [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

2 SET newScores TO [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
3 SET newIndex TO 0
4
5 FOR oldIndex FROM (LENGTH (oldScores) - 1) TO 0 STEP -1 DO
6 SET newScores[newIndex] TO oldScores[oldIndex]
7 SET newIndex TO newIndex + 1
8 END FOR

Figure 2

(i) Describe what happens to the variable oldIndex when line 5 is executed.
(2)

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(ii) State the purpose of the algorithm in Figure 2.

(1)

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(d) Cloud storage has become an increasingly popular service.
Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of using cloud storage.

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(6)

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(Total for Question 6 = 12 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

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*P72937A02324*
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*P72937A02424*
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24
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Thursday 01 February 2024

Afternoon (Time: 3 hours) Subject Teacher:

Computer Science Paper reference: 4CP0/02

PAPER 2: Application of Computational Thinking

You must have: A computer workstation with appropriate programming Total Marks
language code editing software tools, including a code
interpreter/complier, CODES folder containing code and data files, and
pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number, name of
subject teacher and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Only one programming language (Python, C# or Java) must be used throughout the
examination.
• Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code
using the name given in the question with the appropriate file extension.
• Do not overwrite the original code and data files provided to you.
• You must not use the internet during the examination.

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets – use this as a guide as to how
much time to spend on each question.
• This paper covers Python, C# and Java.
• The CODES folder in your user area includes all the code and data files you need.
• The invigilator will tell you where to store your work.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Save your work regularly.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
CIS Lagos
Answer all questions.

Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided.

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .

Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code using the
name given with the appropriate file extension.

Use only ONE programming language throughout the examination.

Indicate the programming language that you are using with a cross in a box .

C# Java Python

1 Programs are used to handle financial transactions.

(a) Monthly account statements are created by a program.
Figure 1 shows a statement.

Date Description Debit (£) Credit (£) Balance (£)

01 Jan Opening balance 128.35
04 Jan Music store 10.23 118.12
07 Jan Salary 1,515.28 1,633.40
11 Jan Electricity company 50.00 1,583.40
19 Jan Uniform shop 12.56 1,570.84
27 Jan Refund 25.00 1,595.84
29 Jan Rent 750.00 845.84
31 Jan Interest 0.25 846.09

Figure 1

Complete the table to identify an input, an output and a process used by the
program to generate the furthest right column.
(3)

Input

Processing

Output

2
*P72938A0216* 
(b) A tax rate is applied to a gross value to give a net value.
Open Q01b in the code editor.
Use the code to answer these questions.

(i) Give the contents of a comment.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Identify a logical operator used in this program.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Give the name of a global variable.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) Give the name of a constant.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v) Give the name of a parameter.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) Variables and constants are used in program code.

(i) State the purpose of a constant.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give one benefit of using a constant.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)

3
 *P72938A0316* Turn over
2 Solutions to problems are made up of many different components.
(a) Programmers use subprograms when developing code.
(i) Give two reasons to use subprogram libraries when developing code.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Identify which one of these must return a result.

(1)
A Function

B Iteration
C Procedure

D Selection

(iii) State what is meant by the term local variable.

.(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4
*P72938A0416* 
(b) A school is planning a fish and chip dinner for the students and their families.
(i) Tickets are only sold to families.
A family is one to four adults and one to six children.
A program is being written to help manage ticket sales.
Complete the table to show examples of normal, boundary and erroneous
numeric test data for the program.
(3)

Adult Children

Normal

Boundary

Erroneous

(ii) The kitchen staff use a program to determine whether they have enough
chips or how many more they need to order.
Open Q02bii in the code editor.
There are four errors in the code.
Amend the code to correct the errors.
Use this test data to help you find the errors.

Chips in stock
Number of adults Number of children Expected output
(kilograms)

19 100 150 Stocks available

15 100 150 Order 4.0 kilograms

Save your amended code as Q02biiFINISHED with the correct file extension
for the programming language.
(4)

(Total for Question 2 = 11 marks)

5
 *P72938A0516* Turn over
3 Algorithms can be represented in flowcharts, pseudocode or program code.

(a) Trace tables can be used with flowcharts or pseudocode.

Give two characteristics of a trace table.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) An algorithm has been written to validate numbers entered by the user.
Figure 2 shows the pseudocode for the algorithm.

1 RECEIVE num1 FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD

2 RECEIVE num2 FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
3 IF (((num1 < 16) AND (num2 < 23)) OR (num2 = 13)) THEN
4 SEND "State 1" TO DISPLAY
5 ELSE
6 IF ((num2 > 12) AND (num1 > 20)) THEN
7 SEND "State 2" TO DISPLAY
8 ELSE
9 IF ((num1 = 88) OR NOT (num2 = 18)) THEN
10 SEND "State 3" TO DISPLAY
11 ELSE
12 SEND "State 4" TO DISPLAY
13 END IF
14 END IF
15 END IF

Figure 2

Complete the table to show the output for each set of inputs.
(3)

num1 num2 Output

88 18

17 18

12 19

6
*P72938A0616* 
(c) A program is required to calculate the result of raising one integer (the base) to
the power of another (the exponent).
Figure 3 shows a flowchart for the algorithm.

Start

Initialise variables

Enter value
for base

Is base equal Yes

to 0?
Stop
No
Enter value
for exponent

Is exponent Yes Display error

negative? message

No
Set answer to 1

Set count to 0

Is count No
less than Inform user
exponent? of the result

Yes
Set answer to
answer x base

Increment count

Figure 3

7
 *P72938A0716* Turn over
The program has these requirements:
• outputs meaningful error messages
• outputs the final answer with the base and the exponent.
Open Q03c in the code editor.
Write a program to implement the logic in the flowchart.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q03cFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(10)

(Total for Question 3 = 15 marks)

8
*P72938A0816* 
4 Data is encoded for encryption and for identifying records in databases.
(a) A Caesar cipher is one method of encryption.
(i) Complete the table to show the result of applying a Caesar cipher.
(2)

Plaintext Shift Ciphertext

PIXEL –4

CLOUD FORXG

(ii) Plaintext is encrypted using a Caesar cipher.

Compare the ciphertexts produced for the plaintext GOLD by:
• a shift of –6 followed by a shift of +8
• a single shift of +2.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Ann has written a Caesar cipher algorithm.

When the algorithm encrypts the plaintext BYTE with a shift of +5 the result
is GVYJ.
This is incorrect.
Explain the error.
.(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9
 *P72938A0916* Turn over
(b) A program is needed to create a key for a database.
A user enters a two‑letter word, a whole number and a decimal number.
The program must ensure the word is only two characters long.
The program must display an error message when the word is not two
characters long.
A key is generated from the whole number, the reversed word and the whole
number part of the decimal number.
Figure 4 shows the input values and a valid key.

Enter a word: at
Enter a whole number: 12
Enter a decimal number: 7.89
12ta7

Figure 4

Open Q04b in the code editor.

Write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q04bFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(8)

(Total for Question 4 = 14 marks)

10
*P72938A01016* 
5 A marine scientist is conducting a study of tuna in the world’s oceans.
(a) A list of tuna species needs to be sorted into descending alphabetical order
using a merge sort algorithm.
Figure 5 shows the lists created at the end of the splitting process.
Each list is a single tuna species.

Bigeye Blackfin Albacore Longtail Bluefin

Figure 5

It will require three passes to merge the lists into a single sorted list in
descending order.
Complete the merge sort using the space provided.
(2)

11
 *P72938A01116* Turn over
(b) A bubble sort could be used to sort the list of tuna species into ascending order.
Figure 6 shows an algorithm for a bubble sort.

1 SET myTuna TO ["Bigeye", "Blackfin", "Albacore",

2 "Longtail", "Bluefin"]
3 SET tmp TO 0
4 SET swaps TO True
5 SET length TO LENGTH (myTuna)
6
7 WHILE (swaps = True) DO
8 SET swaps TO False
9 FOR ndx FROM 0 TO length - 1 DO
10 IF myTuna[ndx] > myTuna[ndx + 1] THEN
11 SET tmp TO myTuna[ndx + 1]
12 SET myTuna[ndx] TO myTuna[ndx + 1]
13 SET myTuna[ndx + 1] TO tmp
14 SET swaps TO True
15 END IF
16 END FOR
17 END WHILE

Figure 6

There is an error in the loop between line 9 and line 16.

Complete the table to give the line number with an error and a corrected line
of pseudocode.
(2)

Line number
with error
Corrected line
of pseudocode

12
*P72938A01216* 
(c) The scientist is collecting and storing data about tuna.
The data collected is:
• species
• length in centimetres
• weight in kilograms
• age in years.
The data is stored in an array.
The collected data needs to be written to a file named [Link]
Each record stored in the file must have a code number in the first field.
Code numbers must start at 101
Each field in a record should be separated by a comma.
Figure 7 shows the contents of the file.

101,Yellowfin,105,15,3
102,Albacore,90,15,5
103,Skipjack,50,3,4
104,Bigeye,105,25,4
105,Atlantic Bonito,50,4,2
106,Northern Bluefin,190,120,11
107,Southern Bluefin,190,120,11
108,Tongol,90,20,4

Figure 7

Open Q05c in the code editor.

Write the program.
You must use the structure given in Q05c to write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q05cFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(6)

(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)

13
 *P72938A01316* Turn over
6 An agricultural college has a herd of dairy cows.
Data collected for the cows is stored in arrays.
The data stored is:
• the name of the breed
• the ease of care rating for that breed (1 is highest and 3 is lowest)
• the number of cows in the herd of that breed
• the volume of milk per day for a cow of that breed.
The college wants to present the data to farmers and to recommend the best breed
of cows for them.
The best breed has the highest care rating and the largest volume of milk per day for
a cow of that breed.
Open the file Q06 in the code editor.
Write a program to:
• calculate the daily volume of milk produced by each breed
• add this daily volume to the data structure tbl_dailyVolume
• display a message informing the user what each field holds, such as breed, rating,
volume per cow, count and total volume
• display the data for each breed
• calculate and display the total volume of milk produced each day by the herd
• find the recommended breed
• display the recommended breed by name.
Figure 8 shows the output from a functional program.

Figure 8

14
*P72938A01416* 
Your program should function correctly even if the number of breeds
represented in the data is changed.
Save your amended code as Q06FINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.

You may use this space for planning/design work.

The content of this space will not be assessed.

(Total for Question 6 = 20 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

15
 *P72938A01516*
BLANK PAGE

16
*P72938A01616* 
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Monday 20 May 2019

Afternoon (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 4CP0/01

Computer Science
Paper 1: Principles of Computer Science

You must have: Total Marks

Pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• You are not allowed to use a calculator.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
• giving further
Marks will not be awarded for using product or trade names in answers without
explanation.

Turn over

*P61880A0124*
P61880A
©2019 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 Computers are made up of both hardware and software components.
(a) Computers use a three-step computational model.
Complete the diagram with the names of the three steps.
(3)

(b) Identify the hardware component responsible for controlling the

fetch-decode-execute cycle.
(1)

A Cache
B Central processing unit

C ROM

D Address bus
(c) Von Neumann developed the stored program concept that permits two different
types of item to reside in memory.
Name these two types.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
*P61880A0224*
(d) Some computers use virtual memory.
Explain how virtual memory works.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(e) An optical storage device writes data onto a CD or DVD.

Describe how data is stored physically on optical media.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(f ) A disc-formatting program is an example of a type of software.

Identify the type.
(1)

A Security software

B Application software

C Translation software

D System software

(Total for Question 1 = 11 marks)

*P61880A0324*
3
Turn over
2 Zafer and Robert work for a company that makes washing machines.
(a) Zafer writes user manuals for the washing machines.
He stores these documents in the cloud.
Zafer and the cloud storage provider share responsibility for data security.
State one area of responsibility for each of them.
(2)
Zafer

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cloud storage provider

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Robert programs the robots that make the parts for the washing machines.
Zafer writes the user manuals.
Robert and Zafer have different levels of access to folders and files on the
company network.
The different levels of access are Read, Write, Execute and None.
Complete the table to show the levels of access that each has.
(2)

Robert Zafer

Washing machine design

drawings
A folder of manuals for new
machines

4
*P61880A0424*
(c) Zafer uses a browser to view pages on Pearson’s website by typing a uniform
resource locator into a browser. This is shown in Figure 1.

[Link]

Figure 1

Pearson’s machine Zafer’s machine

MAC address: 03-57-00-EC-4B-30 MAC address: 00-15-00-BC-9A-90

IPv4 address: [Link] IPv4 address: [Link]
IPv4 Subnet Mask: [Link] IPv4 Subnet Mask: [Link]
Website domain: [Link] Web browser
Main web page: [Link] Uniform resource locator: [Link]

A domain name server is used in this process.

Identify the input to and the output from the domain name server.
(2)
Input

Output

*P61880A0524*
5
Turn over
(d) Zafer can use a desktop or a tablet computer to connect to the internet.
Only the tablet has wireless capabilities.
The diagram shows the components used to connect to the internet.
Complete the diagram to show how the desktop and the tablet are connected to
the internet.
(6)

Modem

Desktop

Internet
Switch Service
Provider

Tablet
Router

Rest of
internet

Wireless
Access Point
(WAP)

(Total for Question 2 = 12 marks)

6
*P61880A0624*
3 Isra works in an office building where she has access to different types of network.
(a) Isra uses different types of networks for different tasks.
(i) Name the type of network she uses to print a document on the printer in the
office next door.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Name the type of network she uses to order stationery from an online
supplier.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Identify the measurement used for network data speeds.

(1)

A Megabits per second

B Megapixels per second

C Mebicycles per second

D Mebihertz per second

*P61880A0724*
7
Turn over
(c) Isra uses her tablet computer and smartphone to access email.
She wants to set up a new email account.
State the email protocol she should use.
Justify your choice.
(3)
Email protocol

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justification

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(d) The table describes characteristics of different network topologies.

Complete the table to match each characteristic to one network topology.
(4)

Characteristic Bus Ring Star Mesh

Network performance degrades as

more devices are added.
All devices are directly connected to
all others.
Each node has a physical attachment
to a routing device.
There are no data collisions, because
packets travel in the same direction.

8
*P61880A0824*
(e) Information sent across networks is represented in bit patterns.
(i) The bit pattern 1101 0001 uses sign and magnitude representation.
Convert this bit pattern to a denary number.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Convert the denary number 75 to 8-bit binary.

(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*P61880A0924*
9
Turn over
(iii) The addition of these two 8-bit binary patterns generates an error condition.

0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 +

0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1

Explain this error condition.

(2)

(Total for Question 3 = 16 marks)

10
*P61880A01024*
4 One function of an operating system is file management.
(a) Both kibibyte and kilobyte can be used as measures of file size.
Compare kibibyte and kilobyte.
(2)

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(b) An image is 2322 pixels high and 4128 pixels wide.

The image is stored with a 16-bit colour depth.
The metadata for the image is 975 bytes.
Construct an expression to show how the file size, in megabytes, is calculated.
You do not need to do the calculation.
(4)

*P61880A01124*
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(c) Operating systems often include compression software for reducing file sizes.
(i) Give two reasons for reducing file sizes.
(2)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give two drawbacks of using compression software.

(2)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P61880A01224*
(d) A text file is stored on a hard disc.
The file holds information from one side of a sheet of paper.
The sheet of paper is represented as a grid, 80 columns wide and 66 rows long.
Each cell in the grid contains a single 2-byte Unicode character.
The file also contains 40 characters of metadata.
The hard disc allocates space in blocks of 1024 bytes.
Construct an expression to show the number of blocks required to store the file.
You do not need to do the calculation.
(4)

(Total for Question 4 = 14 marks)

*P61880A01324*
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5 Ships carry cargo around the world in containers.
(a) Containers come in two sizes.
Figure 2 shows an algorithm written using flowchart symbols.

Start

volume1 = 24.00 reqVolume Yes

<= volume1

volume2 = 48.00

No
print “Requires
minVolume = volume1 / 2 small container”

input width
reqVolume No
<= volume2
input height

Yes
input length
print “Requires
large container”
reqVolume = width * length * height

print “Too large for

cargo container”

reqVolume < No
minVolume

Yes

print “Too small for

cargo container”

Stop

Figure 2

14
*P61880A01424*
(i) Complete the table to show the output for each cargo item.
(3)

Cargo item
Output
width length height

4 4 2

2 2 2

3 8 5

(ii) State the purpose of the algorithm in Figure 2.

(1)

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*P61880A01524*
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(b) Each ship is registered to a state.
Figure 3 shows a partially completed algorithm written in pseudocode.
The completed algorithm must:
• print each state to the display on a new line
• count the number of states
• create a message as a single string (e.g. there are number states)
• print the message to the display.
Complete the algorithm in the space provided in Figure 3.
(4)

SET numStates TO 0
SET states TO [“France”, “Singapore”, “Malta”, “Panama”, “Greece”, “Italy”]

FOR EACH state FROM states DO

END FOREACH

Figure 3

16
*P61880A01624*
BLANK PAGE

*P61880A01724*
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(c) Cargo ships have maximum weight loads.
Figure 4 shows an algorithm written using pseudocode.
The algorithm should identify the size of cargo ship required for any load.
There is an error on line 9.

2 SET loadWeight TO [20000, 28000, 40000, 50000]

3 SET index TO 0
4 SET found TO FALSE
5
6 SEND “Enter cargo weight” TO DISPLAY
7 RECEIVE target FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
8
9 WHILE (NOT found) DO
10 IF (loadWeight [index] >= target) THEN
11 SEND loadWeight [index] TO DISPLAY
12 SET found TO TRUE
13 ELSE
14 SET index TO index + 1
15 END IF
16 END WHILE
17
18 IF (NOT found) THEN
19 SEND “No ship available” TO DISPLAY
20 END IF

Figure 4

18
*P61880A01824*
(i) Trace tables are used to identify errors in algorithms.
Complete the trace table for an input of 50500 to show what happens due to
the error on line 9 in the pseudocode in Figure 4.
You may not need to fill in all the rows in the table.
(2)

target found index loadWeight[index]

50500 FALSE 0

(ii) Construct a single line of pseudocode to correct line 9.

(2)

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(Total for Question 5 = 12 marks)

*P61880A01924*
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6 A train company uses ticket vending machines at each station.
(a) The machines use embedded systems.
(i) Explain one benefit of using an embedded system in these machines.
(2)

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(ii) Customers use a touch screen to select their destination. They can pay by cash
or bank card. Their tickets and a receipt are printed.
The touch screen is controlled by an embedded system.
Give two other hardware components in the ticket machine that are
controlled by embedded systems.
(2)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) The ticket machine uses data encryption when a customer pays using a bank
card.
State why data encryption is used in this case.
(1)

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20
*P61880A02024*
(b) Compare four features of high-level and low-level programming languages.
(4)

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*P61880A02124*
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(c) Artificial intelligence (AI), in many forms, has an increasing impact on our lives.
Discuss this statement considering characteristics, uses and ethical issues.
(6)

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(Total for Question 6 = 15 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

22
*P61880A02224*
BLANK PAGE

*P61880A02324*
23
BLANK PAGE

24
*P61880A02424*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Time 2 hours
Paper
reference 4CP0/01
Computer Science
PAPER 1: Principles of Computer Science

You must have: Total Marks

Pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• – usemarks
The for each question are shown in brackets
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• You are not allowed to use a calculator.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
• Marks will not be awarded for using product or trade names in answers without
giving further explanation.
• Good luck with your examination.
Turn over

*P66489A0120*
P66489A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .

1 Binary digits (bits) are grouped together to represent different types of data.

(a) Hexadecimal notation is sometimes used to represent patterns of binary digits.

Identify one reason why programmers use hexadecimal notation.

(1)
A Easier for a computer to understand.

B Easier for humans to read.

C Takes up less computer memory.

D Quicker than binary to execute.

(b) Convert the bit pattern 0101 1010 to hexadecimal.

(2)

B 256

C 512

D 1024

2
*P66489A0220*
(d) Complete the table by adding these two 8-bit binary integers.
(2)

0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0

0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

(e) Give the result of performing a logical left shift of 1 place on the binary integer 0100.
(1)

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(f ) Give the number of bits per character used by standard ASCII.

(1)

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(g) Figure 1 shows a black and white bitmap image.

The pixels in row 5 are represented by the binary pattern 1001 1001

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Figure 1

(i) State what is meant by the term pixel.

(1)

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(ii) Construct an expression to show the number of pixels in the image.

(1)

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*P66489A0320* Turn over
(iii) The image is changed so that any pixel can be one of 16 different colours.
State the minimum number of bits that would be needed to represent
one pixel.
(1)

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(Total for Question 1 = 11 marks)

4
*P66489A0420*
2 Many organisations use networks.
(a) One reason for networking computers is to share access to the internet.
Give one other reason for connecting computers in a local area network.
(1)

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(b) State the purpose of network protocols.

(1)

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(c) Data is transmitted in packets.

(i) Identify the layer of the TCP/IP model that would add the File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
(1)
A Application

B Data

C Network

D Transport

(ii) Give one task carried out by the network layer.

(1)

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(d) Complete the table by adding a tick () to match each item to its name.
(3)

Domain IP
Item URL
Name Address

[Link]

5
*P66489A0520* Turn over
(e) Figure 2 shows a network topology.

Figure 2

(i) State the name of this network topology.

(1)

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(ii) State one benefit of using this network topology.

(1)

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(iii) State one drawback of using this network topology.

(1)

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(f ) Files may be compressed using lossless or lossy algorithms.

(i) Music files are distributed over the internet.
Give two reasons why lossy compression is used when distributing music files
over the internet.
(2)

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................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6
*P66489A0620*
(ii) Identify which one of these file formats uses lossy compression.
(1)
A BMP

B DOC

C JPEG

D PNG

(iii) Here is a string of data.

CCCWWWCCWWWWWWCCC
Give the result of compressing the string using a run-length encoding algorithm.
(1)

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(g) A video file is to be transmitted over the internet.

• The network transmission speed is 54 Mbps.
• The file size is 6 gigabytes (GB).
Construct an expression to show how the transmission time, in seconds, is calculated.
You do not have to do the calculation.
(4)

(Total for Question 2 = 18 marks)

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*P66489A0720* Turn over
3 Zakir wants to buy a new laptop.
(a) He knows that a laptop has both hardware and software.
Explain why the laptop needs both hardware and software.
(2)

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(b) Zakir needs to choose between a solid state drive and a hard disc drive.
(i) Give two reasons, other than cost and capacity, why Zakir may choose a
solid state drive rather than a hard disc drive.
(2)

1.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Solid state drives store data on flash memory, which is similar to RAM.
Explain one difference between flash memory and RAM.
(2)

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(c) One of the laptops has 4 megabytes (MB) of cache memory.

Explain the purpose of cache memory.
(2)

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8
*P66489A0820*
(d) Zakir uses many devices.
Complete the table by adding one tick () in each row to show whether the
device is an input device, an output device or both.
(2)

Device Input Output Both

Headset

Mouse

Printer

Touch screen

(e) Zakir needs to protect his laptop against malware.

Give two types of anti-malware software he could install.
(2)

1............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 3 = 12 marks)

9
*P66489A0920* Turn over
4 Scientists often use models and simulations.
(a) Give one reason, other than cost, why scientists use simulations.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Explain one reason why a simulation may require a powerful processor.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) A scientist uses Boolean logic in programs.

Complete the table to show the results of each operation.
(3)

R S W NOT S R AND W (NOT S) OR (R AND W)

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

10
*P66489A01020*
(d) Von Neumann developed the stored program concept.
(i) Describe the stored program concept.
(2)

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(ii) The fetch-decode-execute cycle is the cycle the central processing unit (CPU)
follows in order to process instructions.
Name two registers used in the cycle.
(2)

1............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Describe the role of the address bus and the data bus during the fetch part of
the cycle.
(2)

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(iv) Complete the table to show the effect on a computer system of increasing the
width of a bus.
(2)

Change made Effect

Increasing the width of the

data bus

Increasing the width of the

address bus

(Total for Question 4 = 14 marks)

11
*P66489A01120* Turn over
5 Isaac is a program developer.
(a) Figure 3 shows an algorithm Isaac has written.

Start

Numbers[0] = 10
Numbers[1] = 6
Numbers[2] = 1
Numbers[3] = 9
Numbers[4] = 3

Count = 0

Length = 4

Midpoint = 2

Temp = 0

No
Stop Count < Midpoint?

Yes
Temp = Numbers[Count]

Numbers[Count] = Numbers[Length − Count]

Numbers[Length − Count] = Temp

Count = Count + 1

Figure 3

12
*P66489A01220*
(i) Complete the trace table. You may not need to use all of the rows.
(5)

Numbers array

Count Length Midpoint Temp [0] [1] [2] [3] [4]

0 4 2 0 10 6 1 9 3

(ii) Give the purpose of the algorithm.

(1)

............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Explain why the variable Temp is needed.

(2)

............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13
*P66489A01320* Turn over
(b) Figure 4 shows an algorithm Isaac has written using pseudocode.
The algorithm should display the average of the numbers that have been input.

1 SET total TO 0
2 SET number TO 0
3 SET count TO 0
4 WHILE number <> −1 DO
5 SEND 'Input a number or −1 to end the program' TO DISPLAY
6 RECEIVE number FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
7 SET total TO total + number
8 SET count TO count + 1
9 END WHILE
10 SET average TO total / count
11 SEND 'The average is ' & average TO DISPLAY

Figure 4

Isaac uses the input 2, 3, 5, 2, −1 to test the algorithm. He discovers an error.

Expected result Actual result

The average is 2.75 The average is 2.2

(i) Explain why the Actual result is not the same as the Expected result.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give the number of the line that contains the error.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Amend a single line of pseudocode to correct the error.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P66489A01420*
(c) Isaac is going to sell one of his programs and distribute it on a DVD.
Give two advantages of choosing a programming language that uses a compiler,
rather than an interpreter, for a program that will be distributed on a DVD.
(2)

1............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 5 = 14 marks)

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*P66489A01520* Turn over
6 (a) Two emerging technologies are DNA computing and quantum computing.
(i) Explain one difference between DNA computing and traditional computing.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give a definition of the term superposition in quantum computing.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Ethically, everyone should be able to access the benefits of technology.

Give two reasons why this may not be possible.
(2)

1.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P66489A01620*
(c) Widespread use of computer technology has a negative environmental impact.
Discuss the negative environmental impact of using computers and actions that
could be taken to reduce it.
(6)

............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 6 = 11 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

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*P66489A02020*
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)
Paper
reference 4CP0/01
Computer Science
Component 1
Pseudocode command set

Resource Booklet
Do not return this resource booklet with the question paper.

Turn over

*P66489A*
P66489A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/
Pseudocode command set
Questions in the written examination that involve code will use this pseudocode
for clarity and consistency. However, students may answer questions using any valid
method.
Data types
INTEGER
REAL
BOOLEAN
CHARACTER
Type coercion
Type coercion is automatic if indicated by context. For example 3 + 8.25 = 11.25
(integer + real = real)
Mixed mode arithmetic is coerced like this:

INTEGER REAL

INTEGER INTEGER REAL

REAL REAL REAL

Coercion can be made explicit. For example, RECEIVE age FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
assumes that the input from the keyboard is interpreted as an INTEGER, not a STRING.
Constants
The value of constants can only ever be set once. They are identified by the keyword
CONST. Two examples of using a constant are shown.
CONST REAL PI
SET PI TO 3.14159
SET circumference TO radius * PI * 2
Data structures
ARRAY
STRING
Indices start at zero (0) for all data structures.
All data structures have an append operator, indicated by &.
Using & with a STRING and a non-STRING will coerce to STRING. For example, SEND ‘Fred’
& age TO DISPLAY, will display a single STRING of ‘Fred18’.

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P66489A
Identifiers
Identifiers are sequences of letters, digits and ‘_’, starting with a letter, for example:
MyValue, myValue, My_Value, Counter2
Functions
LENGTH()
For data structures consisting of an array or string.
RANDOM(n)
This generates a random number from 0 to n.
Comments
Comments are indicated by the # symbol, followed by any text.
A comment can be on a line by itself or at the end of a line.
Devices
Use of KEYBOARD and DISPLAY are suitable for input and output.
Additional devices may be required, but their function will be obvious from the context.
For example, CARD_READER and MOTOR are two such devices.
Notes
In the pseudocode on the following pages, the < > indicates where expressions or values
need to be supplied. The < > symbols are not part of the pseudocode.

3
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Variables and arrays

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SET Counter TO 0
SET Variable TO <value> Assigns a value to a variable.
SET MyString TO ‘Hello world’

Computes the value of an

SET Sum TO Score + 10
SET Variable TO <expression> expression and assigns to
SET Size to LENGTH(Word)
a variable.

Assigns a value to an element SET ArrayClass[1] TO ‘Ann’

SET Array[index] TO <value>
of a one-dimensional array. SET ArrayMarks[3]TO 56

Initialises a one-dimensional
SET Array TO [<value>, …] SET ArrayValues TO [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
array with a set of values.

SET Array [RowIndex, Assigns a value to an element

SET ArrayClassMarks[2,4] TO 92
ColumnIndex] TO <value> of a two dimensional array.

Selection

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = 10 THEN

If <expression> is true then
<command> SET Score TO Score + 1
command is executed.
END IF END IF

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = ‘correct’ THEN

If <expression> is true then first
<command> SEND ‘Well done’ TO DISPLAY
<command> is executed,
ELSE ELSE
otherwise second
<command> SEND ‘Try again’ TO DISPLAY
<command> is executed.
END IF END IF

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Repetition

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

WHILE <condition> DO Pre-conditioned loop. Executes WHILE Flag = 0 DO

<command> <command> whilst SEND ‘All well’ TO DISPLAY
END WHILE <condition> is true. END WHILE
Post-conditioned loop.
REPEAT Executes REPEAT
<command> <command> until <condition> SET Go TO Go + 1
UNTIL <expression> is true. The loop must execute UNTIL Go = 10
at least once.
Count controlled loop. The
REPEAT <expression> TIMES REPEAT 100-Number TIMES
number of times <command>
<command> SEND ‘*’ TO DISPLAY
is executed is determined by
END REPEAT END REPEAT
the expression.
FOR <id> FROM <expression>
Count controlled loop. FOR Index FROM 1 TO 10 DO
TO
Executes SEND ArrayNumbers[Index]
<expression> DO
<command> a fixed number of TO DISPLAY
<command>
times. END FOR
END FOR
FOR <id> FROM <expression>
TO FOR Index FROM 1 TO 500 STEP
<expression> STEP Count controlled loop using 25 DO
<expression> DO a step. SEND Index TO DISPLAY
<command> END FOR
END FOR

SET WordsArray TO [‘The’, ‘Sky’,

‘is’, ‘grey’]
FOR EACH <id> FROM SET Sentence to “
Count controlled loop.
<expression> DO FOR EACH Word FROM
Executes for each element of
<command> WordsUArray DO
an array.
END FOREACH SET Sentence TO Sentence &
Word & ‘ ‘
END FOREACH

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Input/output

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SEND ‘Have a good day.’ TO

SEND <expression> TO DISPLAY Sends output to the screen.
DISPLAY

RECEIVE Name FROM (STRING)

KEYBOARD
RECEIVE <identifier> FROM
RECEIVE LengthOfJourney
(type) Reads input of specified type.
FROM (INTEGER) CARD_READER
<device>
RECEIVE YesNo FROM
(CHARACTER) CARD_READER

File handling

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

Reads in a record from a <file>

and assigns to a <variable>.
READ <File> <record> READ [Link] Record
Each READ statement reads a
record from the file.
Writes a record to a file.
WRITE [Link] Answer1,
WRITE <File> <record> Each WRITE statement writes a
Answer2, ‘xyz 01’
record to the file.

Subprograms

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

PROCEDURE CalculateAverage
PROCEDURE <id>
(Mark1, Mark2, Mark3)
(<parameter>, …)
BEGIN PROCEDURE
BEGIN PROCEDURE Defines a procedure.
SET Avg to (Mark1 + Mark2 +
<command>
Mark3)/3
END PROCEDURE
END PROCEDURE
FUNCTION AddMarks (Mark1,
FUNCTION <id>
Mark2, Mark3)
(<parameter>, …)
BEGIN FUNCTION
BEGIN FUNCTION
Defines a function. SET Total to (Mark1 + Mark2 +
<command>
Mark3)/3
RETURN <expression>
RETURN Total
END FUNCTION
END FUNCTION
Calls a procedure or a
<id> (<parameter>, …) Add (FirstMark, SecondMark)
function.

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Arithmetic operators

Symbol Description

+ Add

- Subtract

/ Divide

* Multiply

^ Exponent

MOD Modulo

DIV Integer division

Relational operators

Symbol Description

= equal to

<> not equal to

> greater than

>= greater than or equal to

< less than

<= less than or equal to

Logical operators

Symbol Description

Returns true if both conditions

AND
are true.
Returns true if any of the
OR
conditions are true.
Reverses the outcome of the
NOT expression; true becomes false,
false becomes true.

7
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8
P66489A
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)

Time 2 hours
Paper
reference 4CP0/01
Computer Science
 

PAPER 1: Principles of Computer Science

You must have: Total Marks

Pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Turn over

*P72538A0120*
P72538A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

Q:1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 Computer systems have both hardware and software components.
(a) The central processing unit (CPU) uses the fetch-decode-execute cycle.
(i) State what is meant by the term program instruction.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) State what is meant by the term memory address.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Identify the component of the CPU that provides temporary data storage.
(1)
A Address bus

B Data bus

C Control unit

D Register

(c) The performance of the CPU is affected by the clock speed.

(i) Give one benefit of having a higher clock speed.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give one drawback of having a higher clock speed.

(1)

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*P72538A0220* 
(d) Identify which one of these describes a sequential computational model.
(1)
A Program instructions are read one after another from external storage

B Program instructions are executed by multiple agents working together

C Program instructions are executed in parallel by different cores

D Program instructions are executed one after another

(e) A program can be written in a high-level or a low-level language.

(i) Give one reason for writing a program in a low-level language.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) State the purpose of an assembler.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Complete the table by adding one tick (ü) in each row to match
the description.
(3)

Description Compiler Interpreter

Translates the program each time it is executed

Produces permanent object code

Translates line by line

Translates the whole program before it is run

Generates a list of errors once the complete program has

been translated

(Total for Question 1 = 11 marks)

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 *P72538A0320* Turn over
2 Computers use binary to represent and store data.
(a) The denary number 78 is the ASCII code for the character N.
(i) Convert the denary number 78 to 8-bit binary.
(2)

(ii) Identify the number of characters that can be represented using

standard ASCII.
(1)
A 64
B 128

C 256

D 512

(iii) Explain one reason for using Unicode rather than ASCII to encode languages
other than English.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Convert the denary number –43 to 8-bit binary using sign and
magnitude representation.
(2)

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*P72538A0420* 
(c) Complete the table by adding these two 8-bit binary integers.
(2)

0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0

(d) A bitmap image is made up of pixels.

(i) An image has five colours.
Complete the table by adding a unique binary pattern for each colour.
Each pattern must use the same minimum colour depth.
(2)

Colour Binary pattern

Green

Black

White

Red

Blue

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(ii) Another image is 3579 pixels high and 6128 pixels wide.
The image is stored with a 32-bit colour depth.
The metadata for the image is 732 bytes.
Construct an expression to show how the file size, in megabytes, is calculated.
You do not need to do the calculation.
(4)

(Total for Question 2 = 15 marks)

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*P72538A0620* 
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QUESTION 3 BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

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 *P72538A0720* Turn over
3 Alyssa is a music producer.
(a) Figure 1 shows the denary values of five samples of an analogue sound using a
sample interval of 0.2 seconds.

Sample Denary
number value

1 1

2 10

3 12

4 5

5 3

Figure 1

12
11
10
9
8
7
Y axis 6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
X axis

(i) Complete this graph using the sample information from Figure 1 to show the
digital sound wave.
(3)
(ii) Give a suitable label for the X axis.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Give a suitable label for the Y axis.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P72538A0820* 
(b) Alyssa uploads music files to her cloud storage.
(i) She compresses the files before she uploads them using a lossless algorithm.
Give one disadvantage of using a lossless rather than a lossy algorithm for
this purpose.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Explain one benefit to Alyssa of storing her music files in the cloud.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Give one possible security issue associated with storing music files in
the cloud.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) One of Alyssa’s music files is stored at [Link]

Complete the table by adding a description of each URL component.
(4)

URL component Description

https

[Link]

re12

ru2.mp3

(Total for Question 3 = 13 marks)

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 *P72538A0920* Turn over
4 Reba likes writing programs.
(a) She is writing a guessing game.
She needs a flowchart to show the logic of the game.
(i) These are the components needed to draw the flowchart.

Display "No match.

Get guess
Guess again"

Display "Hooray
number = 10
they match"

guess = number?

Stop Start

Draw the flowchart for the algorithm in the box on the next page.
Use each component once.
Do not add any additional components.
Use as many arrows and yes/no labels as you need.
(5)

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*P72538A01020* 
Draw your flowchart here.

11
 *P72538A01120* Turn over
(ii) Identify an alternative method for writing the algorithm.
(1)
A Simulation

B Cipher

C Program code

D Truth table

(b) Reba wants to develop a program that will convert a temperature in Fahrenheit
to Celsius.
Here are four steps in the algorithm.
The steps are not in the correct order.

Step

A Change the temperature to Celsius

B Get the temperature in Fahrenheit

C Show the temperature in Celsius

D Set the temperature to 0

(i) Give the letter of the step that initialises a variable.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give the letter of the step that inputs a value.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P72538A01220* 
BLANK PAGE

QUESTION 4 (c) BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

13
 *P72538A01320* Turn over
(c) Figure 2 shows the pseudocode for an early version of an algorithm that Reba
has written for another game.
The algorithm:
• asks the user to input a colour or input –1 to end the game
• awards 1 point for red
• awards 8 points for orange
• generates the score for the game
• displays the results of the game.

1 SET Colour TO ""

2 SET Score TO 0
3 SET RedPoints TO 0
4 SET OrangePoints TO 0
5 SET NumOranges TO 0
6
7 WHILE Colour <> "-1" DO
8 RECEIVE Colour FROM (STRING) KEYBOARD
9 IF Colour = "red" THEN
10 SET RedPoints TO RedPoints + 1
11 ELSE
12 IF Colour = "orange" THEN
13 SET OrangePoints TO OrangePoints + 8
14 SET NumOranges TO NumOranges + 1
15 END IF
16 END IF
17 END WHILE
18
19 SET Score TO RedPoints + OrangePoints
20
21 SEND ("Score: "& Score) TO DISPLAY
22 SEND ("Number of reds: "& RedPoints) TO DISPLAY
23 SEND ("Number of oranges: "& OrangePoints) TO DISPLAY

Figure 2

14
*P72538A01420* 
Reba inputs: red, orange, red, red, orange, –1
The outputs are not as she expects.
(i) Complete the trace table to show the outputs.
(4)

Colour Score RedPoints OrangePoints NumOranges Outputs

0 0 0 0

red

orange

red

orange

–1

(ii) Give the line number of the pseudocode that contains the error.
(1)

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(iii) Write a replacement line of pseudocode to correct the error.

(1)

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(Total for Question 4 = 14 marks)

15
 *P72538A01520* Turn over
5 Viza Health Centre is located in the North East of England.
(a) The health centre uses artificial intelligence to provide a symptom-checking
service for its patients.
Patients log on to the website and input their symptoms.
(i) Describe how artificial intelligence could identify what is wrong with them.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give one reason why a patient may not want to use this online service.
(1)

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(b) The health centre has clinics in two buildings: Cleveland and Stockton.
The network server is in the Cleveland building.
(i) Name the type of network used to access the server from within the
Cleveland building.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Name the type of network used to access the server from the
Stockton building.
(1)

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16
*P72538A01620* 
(c) The network is at risk of an eavesdropping attack.
Identify the description of eavesdropping.
(1)
A Tricking people into giving information by sending emails pretending to
be from someone in authority
B Spying on someone using a computer

C Intercepting information as it is transmitted over a network

D Redirecting a user from a genuine website to a fake one

(d) Doctors use laptops when they visit patients in their homes.
(i) The laptops have solid state drives.
Explain one reason why a solid state drive is better than a magnetic hard drive
for the laptops.
(2)

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(ii) Describe how data is stored on a solid state drive.

(2)

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(iii) The laptops have two types of memory.

Complete the table by adding one tick (ü) to match each description to the
type of memory used.
(2)

Description RAM ROM

Stores the boot up sequence

The contents are lost when the laptop is shut down

(Total for Question 5 = 12 marks)

17
 *P72538A01720* Turn over
6 Santiago manages a computer network for a small business.
(a) Networks are based on a topology.
Figure 3 shows a network topology.

Desktop PC

Desktop PC Desktop PC

Printer

Figure 3
(i) Explain one benefit of this network topology.
(2)

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(ii) The internet is the world’s largest mesh network.

Explain one reason why a mesh topology is essential for the internet.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18
*P72538A01820* 
(b) Santiago works on his laptop whilst travelling by train.
There is a free Wi-Fi connection on the train, but Santiago doesn’t use it.
He prefers to set up a network between his smartphone and his laptop to connect
to the internet.
(i) Name this type of network.
(1)

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(ii) Explain one advantage for Santiago of using the network he has set up to
connect to the internet, rather than the free Wi-Fi connection.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) Santiago uses audit trails to help protect the network.

(i) State what is meant by an audit trail.
(1)

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(ii) Give one way the data from audit trails can be used to help keep the
network secure.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19
 *P72538A01920* Turn over
(d) Santiago wants to find and fix network vulnerabilities before the reputation of the
company suffers.
Discuss the methods he can use.
You should consider:
• ethical hacking
• commercial analysis tools
• review of network and user policies.
(6)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 6 = 15 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

20
*P72538A02020* 
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)
Paper
reference 4CP0/01
 

Computer Science
Component 1
Pseudocode command set

Resource Booklet
Do not return this Booklet with the question paper.

Turn over

*P72538A*
P72538A
©2022 Pearson Education Ltd.

Q:1/1/1/
Pseudocode command set
Questions in the written examination that involve code will use this pseudocode
for clarity and consistency. However, students may answer questions using any
valid method.
Data types
INTEGER
REAL
BOOLEAN
CHARACTER
Type coercion
Type coercion is automatic if indicated by context. For example 3 + 8.25 = 11.25
(integer + real = real)
Mixed mode arithmetic is coerced like this:

INTEGER REAL

INTEGER INTEGER REAL

REAL REAL REAL

2 P72538A

Identifiers
Identifiers are sequences of letters, digits and ‘_’, starting with a letter, for example:
MyValue, myValue, My_Value, Counter2
Functions
LENGTH()
For data structures consisting of an array or string.
RANDOM(n)
This generates a random number from 0 to n.
Comments
Comments are indicated by the # symbol, followed by any text.
A comment can be on a line by itself or at the end of a line.
Devices
Use of KEYBOARD and DISPLAY are suitable for input and output.
Additional devices may be required, but their function will be obvious from the context.
For example, CARD_READER and MOTOR are two such devices.
Notes
In the following pseudocode, the < > indicates where expressions or values need to be
supplied. The < > symbols are not part of the pseudocode.

P72538A 3
 Turn over
Variables and arrays

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SET Counter TO 0
SET Variable TO <value> Assigns a value to a variable.
SET MyString TO ‘Hello world’

Computes the value of an

SET Sum TO Score + 10
SET Variable TO <expression> expression and assigns to
SET Size to LENGTH(Word)
a variable.

Assigns a value to an element SET ArrayClass[1] TO ‘Ann’

SET Array[index] TO <value>
of a one-dimensional array. SET ArrayMarks[3]TO 56

Initialises a one-dimensional
SET Array TO [<value>, ...] SET ArrayValues TO [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
array with a set of values.

SET Array [RowIndex, Assigns a value to an element

SET ArrayClassMarks[2,4] TO 92
ColumnIndex] TO <value> of a two dimensional array.

Selection

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = 10 THEN

If <expression> is true then
<command> SET Score TO Score + 1
command is executed.
END IF END IF

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = ‘correct’ THEN

4 P72538A

Repetition

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

WHILE <condition> DO Pre-conditioned loop. Executes WHILE Flag = 0 DO

<command> <command> whilst SEND ‘All well’ TO DISPLAY
END WHILE <condition> is true. END WHILE

Post-conditioned loop.
REPEAT Executes REPEAT
<command> <command> until <condition> SET Go TO Go + 1
UNTIL <expression> is true. The loop must execute UNTIL Go = 10
at least once.

Count controlled loop. The

REPEAT <expression> TIMES REPEAT 100-Number TIMES
number of times <command>
<command> SEND ‘*’ TO DISPLAY
is executed is determined by
END REPEAT END REPEAT
the expression.

FOR <id> FROM <expression>

Count controlled loop. FOR Index FROM 1 TO 10 DO
TO
Executes SEND ArrayNumbers[Index]
<expression> DO
<command> a fixed number of TO DISPLAY
<command>
times. END FOR
END FOR
FOR <id> FROM <expression>
TO FOR Index FROM 1 TO 500 STEP
<expression> STEP Count controlled loop using 25 DO
<expression> DO a step. SEND Index TO DISPLAY
<command> END FOR
END FOR
SET WordsArray TO [‘The’, ‘Sky’,
‘is’, ‘grey’]
FOR EACH <id> FROM SET Sentence to ‘‘
Count controlled loop.
<expression> DO FOR EACH Word FROM
Executes for each element of
<command> WordsUArray DO
an array.
END FOREACH SET Sentence TO Sentence &
Word & ‘ ‘
END FOREACH

P72538A 5
 Turn over
Input/output

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SEND ‘Have a good day.’ TO

SEND <expression> TO DISPLAY Sends output to the screen.
DISPLAY

RECEIVE Name FROM (STRING)

KEYBOARD
RECEIVE <identifier> FROM
RECEIVE LengthOfJourney
(type) Reads input of specified type.
FROM (INTEGER) CARD_READER
<device>
RECEIVE YesNo FROM
(CHARACTER) CARD_READER

File handling

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

Reads in a record from a <file>

and assigns to a <variable>.
READ <File> <record> READ [Link] Record
Each READ statement reads a
record from the file.

Writes a record to a file.

WRITE [Link] Answer1,
WRITE <File> <record> Each WRITE statement writes a
Answer2, ‘xyz 01’
record to the file.

Subprograms

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

6 P72538A

Arithmetic operators

Symbol Description

+ Add

- Subtract

/ Divide

* Multiply

^ Exponent

MOD Modulo

DIV Integer division

Relational operators

Symbol Description

= equal to

<> not equal to

> greater than

>= greater than or equal to

< less than

<= less than or equal to

Logical operators

Symbol Description

Returns true if both conditions

AND
are true.
Returns true if any of the
OR
conditions are true.
Reverses the outcome of the
NOT expression; true becomes false,
false becomes true.

P72538A 7

BLANK PAGE

8 P72538A

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Monday 18 May 2020

Afternoon (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 4CP0/01

Computer Science
Paper 1: Principles of Computer Science

You must have: Total Marks

Pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• You are not allowed to use a calculator.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
• further explanation.
Marks will not be awarded for using product or trade names in answers without

Turn over

*P61884RRA0120*
P61884RRA
©2020 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 Upeka manages the network in her office building.
(a) Upeka uses the network to install software updates on all the office computers.
Give two other reasons why computers are connected in a network.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) The network uses wired and wireless connectivity.

(i) State two advantages of using wired rather than wireless connectivity.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) State two disadvantages of using wired rather than wireless connectivity.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
*P61884RRA0220*
(c) Some people confuse the terms ‘internet’ and ‘world wide web’.
Describe the difference between the internet and the world wide web.
(2)

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(d) Networks use both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to identify connected devices.
Explain why IPv6 addressing was introduced.
(2)

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3
*P61884RRA0320* Turn over
(e) Network layouts can be based upon a number of different network topologies.
Figure 1 shows a network topology.

  
hub or switch

  
Figure 1
(i) State the name of this network topology.
(1)

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(ii) State one benefit of using this network topology.

(1)

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(iii) State one drawback of using this network topology.

(1)

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4
*P61884RRA0420*
(f ) The network uses TCP/IP.
Figure 2 shows the TCP/IP protocol stack.

Application

Transport

Network

Data link

Figure 2
(i) One use of the application layer is to send and receive emails.
State two email protocols.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Upeka sends an email to Peter. The transport layer in Upeka’s computer splits
the email into data packets.
State two tasks performed by the transport layer in Peter’s computer when
the packets arrive from the network layer.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 17 marks)

5
*P61884RRA0520* Turn over
2 Computers use binary digits to represent data.
(a) Sign and magnitude and two’s complement are two ways of representing signed
integer numbers.
(i) Convert the denary number -94 to a binary pattern using sign and magnitude
representation.
(2)

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(ii) 1000 1001 is a signed integer that uses two’s complement representation.
Convert this signed integer to denary.
(2)

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(b) Denary numbers use base 10

Identify the base for hexadecimal numbers.
(1)
A 32

B 16

C 8

D 2

6
*P61884RRA0620*
(c) Computers encode characters using ASCII and Unicode.
(i) State the number of characters that can be represented using standard ASCII.
(1)

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(ii) The ASCII system uses 7 bits to represent a character. The ASCII code for the
character ‘A’ using denary is 65; other alphabetical characters follow on from
this in sequence.
Identify the ASCII code for ‘H’.
(1)
A 1000111

B 1001010

C 1001000

D 1000101
(iii) Explain why Unicode was developed.
(2)

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(Total for Question 2 = 9 marks)

7
*P61884RRA0720* Turn over
3 The central processing unit (CPU) and other hardware components work together
with the operating system to run programs and store data.
(a) Here is a partially completed diagram showing the hardware components used in
the fetch-decode-execute cycle.
The function of the I/O controller is to manage communication between the CPU
and input/output devices.
Complete the diagram by:
• labelling the buses
• adding directional arrows to the dotted lines to show the flow of
communication.
(6)

Keyboard Display

CPU
Control Keyboard Display
Clock unit RAM controller controller

bus

(b) The CPU includes an area of cache memory.

Increasing the size of the cache will improve the performance of the CPU.
Explain how increasing the size of the cache improves the performance.
(2)

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8
*P61884RRA0820*
(c) Some computers have more than one CPU. The CPUs work in parallel to execute
instructions.
Complete the table to show how two CPUs working in parallel could execute the
expression:

(5 * 2) + (4 * 3) – (24 / 4)
(4)

CPU 1 CPU 2

5 * 2 = 10

(d) One function of an operating system is to manage files on secondary storage.

Describe how an operating system manages the storage of a file on random
access secondary storage.
(4)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 3 = 16 marks)

9
*P61884RRA0920* Turn over
4 Ibrahim works in the music industry.
(a) He is learning how sound is represented in binary.
Figure 3 illustrates this process.
7

4
Amplitude

3
A
2 B

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Seconds

Figure 3
(i) State what the solid line labelled A represents.
(1)

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(ii) State what the dashed line labelled B represents.

(1)

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(iii) Give the sampling frequency, including the correct units.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10
*P61884RRA01020*
(iv) Give one impact of increasing the sampling frequency.
(1)

(v) The bit-depth measures the resolution of the sound sample.

State the minimum bit-depth needed to store the sound sampled in Figure 3.
Justify your answer.
(2)
Bit-depth

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Justification

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(vi) Give the value in binary of the audio sample at the 4th second.
(1)

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11
*P61884RRA01120* Turn over
(b) Ibrahim wants to store a music file.
• The sampling frequency is 47 kHz.
• The bit-depth is 64
• The analogue signal lasts for 819 seconds.
Construct an expression to show how the file size, in bytes, is calculated.
You do not need to do the calculation.
(4)

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(c) Ibrahim wants to upload a music file to his online storage. The file has been
compressed using a lossy algorithm.
Give one drawback of using a lossy algorithm for this purpose.
(1)

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(Total for Question 4 = 12 marks)

12
*P61884RRA01220*
5 Programmers work as part of a team to develop software.
(a) They use truth tables to determine if an expression evaluates to true or false.
Complete this truth table for the Boolean expression
P AND (Q OR R)
You may not need to use all rows.
(3)

P Q R Q OR R P AND (Q OR R)

13
*P61884RRA01320* Turn over
(b) The team is working on software for a ride-on lawn mower.
The lawn mower must not start unless it is safe for the driver.
• The brake (B) must be engaged.
• The driver’s seat sensor (S) must be engaged.
• The blade safety lock (L) must be removed.
Construct a Boolean expression, using AND, OR, and NOT with the letters B, S and
L to show the safe starting condition.
(2)

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(c) The team uses code reviews as part of the software development process.
State two ways in which code reviews can help protect software systems from
cyber attacks.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14
*P61884RRA01420*
(d) The team needs to protect its intellectual property rights over the systems that it
develops.
Give three types of legal protection the team could use.
(3)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)

15
*P61884RRA01520* Turn over
6 A software engineer is working with some algorithms.
(a) An algorithm needs to be developed.
The algorithm must:
• check for a change of hour every minute
• use the library subprogram getHour() to get the hour part of the current time
in the 24-hour clock (0 to 23)
• output “Good morning” when the hour is between 3 and 12, inclusive
• output “Good afternoon” when the hour is between 13 and 19, inclusive
• output “Good night” at all other times.
Complete the flowchart to represent this algorithm, in the space provided on the
next page.
The call to the library subprogram getHour() has already been included.
Use this subprogram symbol to show waiting for 1 minute.

wait
1 minute
(6)

16
*P61884RRA01620*
Draw your flowchart here.

START

getHour()

17
*P61884RRA01720* Turn over
(b) Another algorithm determines when to change the flavoured syrups for a drinks
dispensing machine.
Figure 4 shows this algorithm written in pseudocode.

11 SET flavours TO [“anise”, “mango”, “cola”, “apple”, “papaya”, “strawberry”,

“lychee”, “banana”]
12
13 SET volume TO [0.7, 0.2, 0.6, 0.1, 0.05, 0.8, 0.4, 0.6]
14
15 SET i TO 0
16
17 WHILE i < 8 DO
18
19 IF (volume[i] < 0.1) THEN
10 SEND (flavours[i] & “ needs changing”) TO DISPLAY
11
12 ELSE
13 IF (volume[i] >= 0.3) AND (volume[i] <= 0.5) THEN
14 SEND (flavours[i] & “ needs ordering”) TO DISPLAY
15 END IF
16 END IF
17
18 SET i TO i + 1
19
20 END WHILE

Figure 4
(i) Give the output produced by the algorithm.
(2)

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The algorithm works with a fixed number of flavours.

(ii) Give the number of the line in the algorithm that would need to be amended
to allow for any number of flavours.
(1)

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18
*P61884RRA01820*
(iii) State how the pseudocode needs to be changed to make this amendment.
(1)

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QUESTION 6(c) BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

19
*P61884RRA01920* Turn over
(c) The algorithms will be coded in a high-level language.
Programs written in high-level languages must be translated in order to be
executed by a computer.
Discuss the similarities and differences between a compiler and an interpreter.
(6)

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(Total for Question 6 = 16 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

20
*P61884RRA02020*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

5–7 June 2019

Time: 3 hours Paper Reference 4CP0/02

Computer Science
Paper 2: Application of Computational Thinking

You must have: A computer workstation with an appropriate programming Total Marks
language code editing software and tools, including a code interpreter/compiler,
CODES folder containing code and data files, pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Only one programming language (Python, C# and Java) must be used
throughout the test.
• Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code
using the name given in the question with the appropriate file extension.
• Do not overwrite the original code and data files provided to you.
• You must not use the internet during the test.
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• This paper covers Python, C# and Java.
• The invigilatorfolder
The CODES in your user area includes all the code and data files you need.
• will tell you where to store your work.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Save your work regularly.
• your answers if you have time at the end.
Check
Turn over

*P61881RA0116*
P61881RA
©2019 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1
Answer all questions.
Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code using the name
given with the appropriate file extension.
Use only ONE programming language throughout the examination.
Indicate the programming language that you are using with a cross in a box .

C# Java Python

1 Computer programs use several different programming constructs.

(a) Identify the most appropriate data type for the value 4.5
(1)
A Boolean

B Character

C Real

D String
(b) Give a definition of a logic error.
(1)

(c) Open Q01c in the code editor.

The program should print out a counter and the counter with 7 added to it.
There are three errors in the code.
Amend the code to correct the errors.
Save your amended code as Q01cFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(3)
(d) Give one reason why computer programmers should use comments in their
programs.
(1)

2
*P61881RA0216*
(e) Describe the difference between a local variable and a global variable in
a computer program.
(2)

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(f ) Trevor is the manager of a shoe shop.

Sales assistants can earn a bonus based on the numbers of pairs of shoes they sell
and the total income for the shop each day.
Open Q01f in the code editor.
Amend the code to complete the ‘if statement’ used to produce the outputs
described in the table.

Condition Output

Shop income is more than £5000 or

sales assistant has sold at least Bonus is 10% of salary
10 pairs of shoes
Shop income is £2000 or more and
sales assistant has sold at least Bonus is 5% of salary
5 pairs of shoes

Do not add any further functionality.

Save your amended code as Q01fFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(4)

*P61881RA0316*
3
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(g) Car registration codes consist of seven characters.
The characters are two upper case letters followed by two numbers and then
three upper case letters.
YH62KLV, EY09VPB and CK53PRJ are valid codes.
All codes need to be validated.
Complete the table to show two additional validation tests.
For each test give one example of erroneous data. The example that you give
should fail only that test.
(4)

Validation test Erroneous data

Is it 7 characters? AB12CD

(Total for Question 1 = 16 marks)

4
*P61881RA0416*
2 Anna has a 5-year-old daughter, Beatrice, and a 14-year-old son, Graham.
(a) Anna wants to program a guessing game for Beatrice to play on the computer.
The program will generate a random number between 1 and 10.
Beatrice has to guess the number.
This pseudocode contains the logic required to create the game.

1 # Initialise variables
2 SET counter TO 1
3 SET answer TO RANDOM(9) + 1 # i.e. a random integer 1 to 10 inclusive
4 SET guess TO 0
5
6 # Print prompt and take guess from user
7 SEND “Enter a number from 1 to 10: ” TO DISPLAY
8 RECEIVE guess FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
9
10 # Create while loop to check guess
11 WHILE guess <> answer DO
12 SET counter TO counter + 1
13 IF guess > answer THEN
14 SEND (guess & “ was too high. Try again.”) TO DISPLAY
15 ELSE
16 SEND (guess & “ was too low. Try again.”) TO DISPLAY
17 END IF
18 SEND “Guess again: ” TO DISPLAY
19 RECEIVE guess FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
20 END WHILE
21
22 # Report the correct answer to the user and display the number of guesses
23 SEND (“You guessed “ & guess & “ in “ & counter & “guesses.”) TO DISPLAY

Write a program to implement the logic in the pseudocode.

Open Q02a in the code editor.
You must use the structure give in Q02a to write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q02aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(10)

*P61881RA0516*
5
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(b) Anna has written a program to help Graham with calculations for his science
lessons.
Open Q02b in the code editor.
Use the code to answer these questions.
(i) State the value of distance when the program finishes.
(1)

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(ii) Give one reason why there are brackets around newSpeed + initialSpeed
(1)

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(iii) State the data type for the variable distance.

Justify your answer.
(2)
Data type

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Justification

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) State the value of distance when acceleration is 2.75

(1)

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6
*P61881RA0616*
(c) Anna has written a program that manipulates text.
Open Q02c in the code editor.
Use the code to answer these questions.
(i) Identify a line number where the code includes a relational operator.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Identify a line number where a variable is set to a numeric value entered by
a user.
(1)

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(iii) Identify the name of a variable passed from the main program to the
subprogram.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) Identify the name of a variable that receives the value calculated by the
subprogram.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v) State the value returned by the subprogram when the input values are
educational, 3, 6
(2)

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*P61881RA0716*
7
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(vi) State the purpose of the subprogram.
(2)

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(Total for Question 2 = 23 marks)

8
*P61881RA0816*
3 Different algorithms can be used to manipulate data.
(a) [Link] contains a list of email addresses.
Open Q03a in the code editor.
Write a program to implement these requirements.
The code must:
• check each email address to ensure it contains the ‘@’ symbol.
• write email addresses that do not contain the ‘@’ symbol to an [Link] file.
You must use the structure given in the file Q03a to complete the program.
Do not add further functionality.
Save your code as Q03aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(6)
(b) Explain one drawback of using the merge sort algorithm to sort large data sets.
(2)

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(c) Open Q03c in the code editor.

Write a program to display the square and cube of a number between 1 and 50
entered by a user.
The code must:
• ask the user to enter a number between 1 and 50 inclusive
• display the number, the square of the number and the cube of the number,
with appropriate labels
• stop when a number outside the range 1 to 50 is entered.
Save your code as Q03cFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(6)

(Total for Question 3 = 14 marks)

*P61881RA0916*
9
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4 Encryption is used to encode data.
(a) Identify the word that describes a Pigpen cipher.
(1)
A Plaintext

B Random

C Shift

D Substitution
(b) Figure 1 shows a Pigpen cipher grid.
(3)

Figure 1
Complete the table to decode the symbols using the grid in Figure 1.

Symbol Letter

10
*P61881RA01016*
(c) Figure 2 shows another grid.

Figure 2
State whether this set of symbols meets the requirements of a Pigpen cipher.
Justify your answer.
(3)
State

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justification

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

*P61881RA01116*
11
Turn over
5 Ria is a school librarian.
She wants a program to analyse pupil use of the library.
She wants to encourage reading by awarding gold, silver and bronze medals to the
three pupils who have read the most books.
Test data has been included in the code.
Open Q05 in the code editor.
Write a program to calculate and display:
• the total number and average number of books pupils have read
• the IDs of pupils who have read fewer than ten books
• the details of the gold, silver and bronze medal winners.
Your program should function correctly even if the number of pupils in the file
is changed.
Save your code as Q05FINISHED with the correct file extension for the programming
language.
(20)

12
*P61881RA01216*
You may use this space for planning / design work.

(Total for Question 5 = 20 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

*P61881RA01316*
13
BLANK PAGE

14
*P61881RA01416*
FOR EXAMINER USE

1
2
3
4 1
5 2
2a
6 3
7 4

Points marked
1a 1 8 5
1b 1 9 6
1 10 1 7
1c 2 2bi 1 2 8
3 2bii 1 3 9
3a
1d 1 1 4 10
2biii 5
1 2 5 11
1e
2 2biv 1 6 1
1 2ci 1 1 2
3b
2 2cii 1 2 4a 1 3

Levels marked
1f
3 2ciii 1 1 1 4
4 2civ 1 2 4b 2 5
1 1 3 3 6
2cv 3c
2 2 4 1 7
1g
3 1 5 4c 2 8
2cvi
4 2 6 3 9

Q1 16 Q2 23 Q3 14 Q4 7 Q5 20

*P61881RA01516*
15
BLANK PAGE

16
*P61881RA01616*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Time 3 hours
Paper
reference 4CP0/02
Computer Science
PAPER 2: Application of Computational Thinking

You must have: Total Marks

A computer workstation with appropriate programming language code
editing software and tools, including a code interpreter/compiler, CODES
folder containing code files, pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,

•• Answer
centre number and candidate number.
all questions.
Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided

• Only
– there may be more space than you need.
one programming language (Python, C# or Java) must be used throughout

• Carry
the examination.
out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code using

•• DoYounotmustoverwrite
the name given in the question with the appropriate file extension.
the original code and data files provided to you.
not use the internet during the examination.

Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 80.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets

•• This
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
paper covers Python, C# and Java.

• The invigilator will tell you where to store your work.

The CODES folder in your user area includes all the code you need.

Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

•• Check
Save your work regularly.
your answers if you have time at the end.
Good luck with your examination. Turn over

1/1/1/1
Answer all questions.
Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code using the
name given with the appropriate file extension.
Use only ONE programming language throughout the examination.
Indicate the programming language that you are using with a cross in a box .

C# Java Python

1 Computer programs make use of many programming constructs.

(a) Identify which one of these is a logic operator.
(1)

A modulus
B OR

C >=

D =
(b) Describe one difference between a one-dimensional array and a
two-dimensional array.
(2)

(c) Open Q01c in the code editor.

The program should calculate how many £20 are in £113 and how much is
left over.
There are three errors in the code.
Amend the code to correct the errors.
Save your amended code as Q01cFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(3)

2
*P66490A0216*
(d) Raoul has written a program that counts the number of vowels in a sentence.
Open Q01d in the code editor.
Amend the code by adding a suitable comment (you may need to add more than
one comment to a line):
(i) at the end of the line where there is a relational operator
(1)
(ii) at the end of a line where iteration starts
(1)
(iii) at the end of the line where selection starts
(1)
(iv) at the end of a line where a data structure is initialised.
(1)
Save your amended code as Q01dFINISHED with the correct file extension for
the programming language.

(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)

3
*P66490A0316* Turn over
2 A book club uses computer applications.
(a) The club wants a program to ensure that logins are valid.
A flowchart for a test version of the program has been designed.
The test version uses:
• a username of bard423
• a password of nX2934?
Here is the flowchart.

Start

Initialise
variables

Enter username and

password

Are username No Display error

and password
message
correct?

Yes

Display welcome
message

Stop

4
*P66490A0416*
Write a program to implement the logic in the flowchart.
Open Q02a in the code editor.
You must use the structure given in Q02a to write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q02aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(11)

5
*P66490A0516* Turn over
(b) The club sells books.
It needs a computer program to monitor:
• the number of books sold
• the amount of profit made.
Q02b provides a structure for the program.
Open Q02b in the code editor.
Amend the code to complete the If statement used to produce the outputs
described in the table.

Condition Output message

Number of books sold is at least 5 and Sales and profit are good this week
profit made is at least 10
Number of books sold is over 20 and Sales and profit are excellent this week
profit made is at least 20
Number of books sold is under 5 or profit Poor performance this week
made is under 5

All other inputs Alert manager

Do not add any further functionality.

Save your code as Q02bFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(4)

6
*P66490A0616*
(c) Boundary testing is an important part of program development.
The boundary value is the most extreme value that will pass the test.
For example, if the boundary condition is no more than 30 then the boundary test
data would be 30.
Complete the test table to show the boundary test data that could be used for
each test.
(3)

Test data Expected output

booksSold
Poor performances this week
profit

booksSold
Sales and profit are good
this week
profit

booksSold
Sales and profit are excellent
this week
profit

(Total for Question 2 = 18 marks)

7
*P66490A0716* Turn over
3 Several encryption algorithms have been developed.
(a) Ahmed has started to create a Caesar cipher encryption program.
Caesar cipher encryption works by giving a number value to a key.
Each letter in a plaintext message is replaced by a new ciphertext letter using
the key.
For example, as shown in the table, a key value of +2 would change the plaintext
message encrypt to the ciphertext message gpetarv.

Plaintext e n c r y p t

Ciphertext g p e t a r v

Ahmed’s program already converts from plaintext to ciphertext.

He wants to extend the program to:
• accept the input of a plaintext message
• accept the input of the key, which must be a positive integer between
1 and 25
• write the generated ciphertext to a text file named [Link]
• display the ciphertext.
Open Q03a in the code editor.
Complete the program code.
You must use the structure given in the file Q03a to complete the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q03aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(8)
(b) Explain one reason why the Caesar cipher is a weak encryption algorithm.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8
*P66490A0816*
(c) The Vigenere cipher encrypts plaintext using a series of Caesar ciphers, based on
the letters of a keyword and a Vigenere square.
Figure 1 shows a Vigenere square.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
a a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
b b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a
c c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b
d d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c
e e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d
f f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e
g g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f
h h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g
i i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h
j j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i
k k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j
l l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k
m m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l
n n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m
o o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n
p p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
q q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p
r r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q
s s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r
t t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s
u u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t
v v w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u
w w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v
x x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w
y y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x
z z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y

Figure 1
Complete the table to perform a Vigenere decryption of the ciphertext message
flmktrwhee using the keyword thirty.
(4)

Encrypted letter f l m k t r w h e e

Keyword letter

Decrypted letter

9
*P66490A0916* Turn over
(d) A user-defined function uses a Vigenere cipher to encrypt plaintext
into ciphertext.
This pseudocode shows how the function is called.
SET ciphertext TO ciphertext & getCipherLetter(keywordLetter, plaintextLetter)
(i) State what would be returned by this function.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give the name of one parameter passed to this function.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) State what is meant by a built-in subprogram.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 3 = 17 marks)

10
*P66490A01016*
4 Zak sells snacks at an after-school club.
(a) He wants a program that will hold details of the products he sells.
The program must:
• generate a five-character product code that:
– starts with the first three letters of the product name
– ends with a random number between 10 and 30
• display the product code followed by the product name.
Open Q04a in the code editor.
Write the program.
You must use the structure given in the file Q04a to complete the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q04aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(7)
(b) Zak plans to implement a binary search algorithm to search a table of products.
(i) Explain one advantage of a binary search compared to a linear search.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11
*P66490A01116* Turn over
(ii) Figure 2 shows an algorithm for a binary search.

1 # Initialise variables
2 SET productSearch TO " "
3 SET startPosition TO 1
4 SET midPosition TO 0
5 SET endPosition TO LENGTH(productList)
6 SET found TO False
7
8 # Print prompts, take and check input from user
9 SEND "Enter the product code" TO DISPLAY
10 RECEIVE productSearch FROM (STRING) KEYBOARD
11 REPEAT
12 midPosition = (startPosition + endPosition) DIV 2
13 IF productList[midPosition] < productSearch THEN
14 startPosition = midPosition + 1
15 END IF
16 IF productList[midPosition] > productSearch THEN
17 endPosition = midPosition – 1
18 END IF
19 UNTIL productList[midPosition] = productSearch OR startPosition = endPosition

Figure 2
This binary search algorithm will be used to search the product list for the
product code str15.
Complete the table to indicate the order in which the product codes will be
examined by the algorithm.
Write the number 1 by the first product code to be examined, 2 by the second
code to be examined, and so on.
(4)

Position in list Product code Order examined

1 ark11

2 asp11

3 bar13

4 dri15

5 mil19

6 rib10

7 str15

8 tor16

12
*P66490A01216*
(iii) Zak has another list containing the names of five students who attend the
after-school club.
Give the maximum number of names that would need to be examined by the
binary search algorithm to determine whether a name appears in the list.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) Give the name of an algorithm that could be used to sort a list.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 4 = 15 marks)

13
*P66490A01316* Turn over
5 Bianca has started to write a program.
The program is a guessing game about countries and their capital cities.
Open Q05 in the code editor.
The program already:
• displays this menu

Menu
[1] Add player name
[2] Play guess the capital city
[3] End game

Input your menu choice:

• asks for the user’s menu choice.

Write the program code for the menu choices.
Menu choice [1] Add player name
If a player chooses this option, then they must input a player name.
Menu choice [2] Play guess the capital city
If a player chooses this option, then:
• they must answer five questions
• they select a question to answer by choosing a valid question number
• each question can only be selected once (they must not be able to choose
a number more than once)
• the question should be displayed
• they must input the name of the capital city
• if they guess correctly their score must be incremented by 1
• if they guess incorrectly the correct answer must be displayed.
Menu choice [3] End game
If the user chooses this option, then the player name and score should be displayed.
Your program should function correctly even if the number of countries and
capital cities in the file is increased.
Save your code as Q05FINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(20)

14
*P66490A01416*
You may use this space for planning / design work.
The content of this page will not be assessed.

(Total for Question 5 = 20 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

15
*P66490A01516*
BLANK PAGE

16
*P66490A01616*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)

Time 3 hours
Paper
reference 4CP0/02
Computer Science
 

PAPER 2: Application of Computational Thinking

You must have: Total Marks
A computer workstation with appropriate programming
language code editing software and tools, including a code
interpreter/compiler, CODES folder containing code and data files,
and pseudocode command set (enclosed)

Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• the
Only one programming language (Python, C# or Java) must be used throughout
examination.
• Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code
using the name given in the question with the appropriate file extension.
•• Do not overwrite the original code and data files provided to you.
You must not use the internet during the examination.

Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 80.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
•• This paper covers Python, C# and Java.
The CODES folder in your user area includes all the code and data files you need.
• The invigilator will tell you where to store your work.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Save your work regularly.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

Q:1/1/1/e2/
Answer all questions.
Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code using the
name given with the appropriate file extension.
Use only ONE programming language throughout the examination.
Indicate the programming language that you are using with a cross in a box .

C# Java Python

1 Programmers write code to solve problems.

(a) Identify the description of a variable in a computer program.
(1)
A A value that cannot be used more than once

B A value that must be input

C A value that is always used in a calculation

D A value that can change

(b) Identify the technique that improves the readability of code.

(1)

A Using indents on every line

B Using descriptive names for variables

C Using the correct operators

D Using suitable data structures

Data type Example value

integer 12

char

real

2
*P72406A0216* 
(d) Describe one difference between the data used in boundary testing and the data
used in erroneous testing.
(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(e) A program should output the value 2

However, there is an error in the code and the actual output is 4
Name this type of error.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(f ) Open Q01f in the code editor.

The program should allow the input of the length of the side of a square and
output the area of the square.
There are three errors in the code.
Amend the code to correct the errors.
Save your amended code as Q01fFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(3)
(g) A program is needed that will accept the input of a letter and compare it with a
stored letter.
It will check whether the letter comes earlier in the alphabet, later in the alphabet
or is the same letter as the stored letter.
It will output the letter and the stored letter with an appropriate message.
Open Q01g in the code editor.
Amend the code to complete the if statement used to produce the output.
You must use the structure given in Q01g to complete the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q01gFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(4)

(Total for Question 1 = 14 marks)

3
 *P72406A0316* Turn over
2 Raza is writing a program to tell the user whether a number they input is a
prime number.
A prime number is a whole number, larger than one, that can only be divided by
one and itself with no remainder.
This pseudocode contains the logic required to complete the program.

1 FUNCTION checkPrime(pNumber)
2 BEGIN FUNCTION
3 IF pNumber = 1 THEN
4 check = False
5 ELSE
6 check = True
7 FOR count FROM 2 TO pNumber DO
8 IF pNumber MOD count = 0 THEN
9 check = False
10 END IF
11 END FOR
12 END IF
13 RETURN check
14 END FUNCTION
15
16 SEND "Enter a number: " TO DISPLAY
17 RECEIVE number FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
18 SET result TO checkPrime(number)
19
20 IF result = True THEN
21 SEND (number & " is a prime number") TO DISPLAY
22 ELSE
23 SEND (number & " is not a prime number") TO DISPLAY
24 END IF

4
*P72406A0416* 
(a) Answer these questions about the pseudocode.
(i) Identify a line number where selection starts.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Identify the line number where iteration starts.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Identify a line number where a string and a number are printed on the
same line.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) Identify the name of a local variable.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v) Identify the name of a parameter.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Write a program to implement the logic in the pseudocode.

Open Q02b in the code editor.
Write the program.
You must use the structure given in Q02b to complete the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q02bFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(11)

(Total for Question 2 = 16 marks)

5
 *P72406A0516* Turn over
3 Manjit sells copies of a science textbook to schools.
She needs a program to process textbook orders. It must:
• accept the input of the number of textbooks required
• generate the price per textbook
• generate the total cost of the order
• display the price per textbook and the total cost of the order.
The price of one textbook depends on the number ordered:

Quantity Price per textbook

1–5 £20.00

6–9 £15.00

10 or more £12.00

Open Q03 in the code editor.

Write the program.
You must use the structure given in Q03 to complete the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q03FINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.

(Total for Question 3 = 6 marks)

6
*P72406A0616* 
BLANK PAGE

QUESTION 4 BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

7
 *P72406A0716* Turn over
4 Several encryption algorithms have been developed.
(a) Identify what is meant by encryption.
(1)
A Conversion of ciphertext into plaintext

B Conversion of plaintext into ciphertext

C Conversion of code into data

D Conversion of data into information

(b) Figure 1 shows a Pigpen cipher grid.

A B C J K L S W
D E F M N O T U X Y
G H I P Q R V Z

Figure 1
Complete the table by adding the symbol for each letter in the word MAY.
(3)

Letter M A Y

Symbol

(c) The message THE ENEMY IS NEAR is encoded using a different

encryption algorithm.
Figure 2 shows the first stage of the encryption process.

T I

H Y S

E M N

E E E R

N A

Figure 2

8
*P72406A0816* 
(i) Give the key used in the first stage of the encryption process.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Give the ciphertext that is produced by the encryption algorithm.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Give the name of the encryption algorithm that has been used to produce
the ciphertext.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

9
 *P72406A0916* Turn over
5 Julia runs a computer gaming club.
(a) She wants a program to check passwords stored in a file.
The file [Link] contains the list of passwords.
The program must:
• check each password to ensure that:
• the first character is an uppercase letter
• if it is, that it also includes at least one digit (0–9)
• if a password does not meet these requirements:
• display the password
• increment the number of incorrect passwords
• display the total number of incorrect passwords after all the passwords have
been checked.
Open Q05a in the code editor.
Write the program.
You must use the structure given in Q05a to write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q05aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(9)

10
*P72406A01016* 
(b) Figure 3 shows an array that stores player scores after a game.

3 2 10 8 1 9

Figure 3

(i) Julia uses a bubble sort algorithm to sort the scores.

Complete the table to show how the bubble sort algorithm will sort
the scores.
You may not need to use all the rows.
(3)

3 2 10 8 1 9

(ii) Explain one reason why a bubble sort is very efficient in terms of
memory usage.
(2)

................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11
 *P72406A01116* Turn over
(c) Describe the steps a linear search algorithm takes to find a search item.
(3)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 5 = 17 marks)

12
*P72406A01216* 
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QUESTION 6 BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

13
 *P72406A01316* Turn over
6 Carlos wants you to create a guess the animal game.
Open Q06 in the code editor.
The code contains an array of animals.
It also contains a function that randomly selects an animal from the array. This is the
secret word the user needs to guess.
Carlos wants the program to:
• generate the number of attempts the user has to guess the secret word.
The maximum number of attempts is the length of the secret word +3. For
example, the user has 8 attempts to guess when the secret word is tiger
• keep track of letters from incorrect attempts that are in the secret word and those
that are not. There should be no duplicated letters
• display a message telling the user:
• the number of letters in the secret word
• how many attempts they have left
• force the user to input a word that is the same length as the secret word
• check whether the input word matches the secret word:
• if the words match then a message that includes the secret word and the
number of attempts taken to guess it is displayed
• if the words do not match then:
• letters from the attempt that appear in the secret word should be added
to the correct letters store
• letters from the attempt that do not appear in the secret word should be
added to the wrong letters store
• the contents of the correct and wrong letter stores are displayed
• allow the user another attempt until they have guessed the word or have run out
of attempts
• display a message telling the user the game is over including the random word if
the maximum attempts have been taken and the word has not been guessed.

14
*P72406A01416* 
Figure 4 shows the contents of the correct and wrong stores after two attempts to
guess the secret word cow.

Secret word cow

First attempt Second attempt

input dog input cat

correct store o correct store oc

wrong store dg wrong store dgat

Figure 4
Your program should include at least two subprograms that you have
written yourself.
You must include comments in the code to explain the logic of your solution.
Save your code as Q06FINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.

You may use this space for planning/design work.

The content of this space will not be assessed.

(Total for Question 6 = 20 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

15
 *P72406A01516*
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16
*P72406A01616* 
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)
Paper
reference 4CP0/02
 

Computer Science
Component 2
Pseudocode command set

Resource Booklet
Do not return this Booklet with the question paper.

Turn over

Q:1/1/1/e2/
Pseudocode command set
Questions in the written examination that involve code will use this pseudocode
for clarity and consistency. However, students may answer questions using any
valid method.
Data types
INTEGER
REAL
BOOLEAN
CHARACTER
Type coercion
Type coercion is automatic if indicated by context. For example 3 + 8.25 = 11.25
(integer + real = real)
Mixed mode arithmetic is coerced like this:

INTEGER REAL

INTEGER INTEGER REAL

REAL REAL REAL

2 P72406A

Identifiers
Identifiers are sequences of letters, digits and ‘_’, starting with a letter, for example:
MyValue, myValue, My_Value, Counter2
Functions
LENGTH()
For data structures consisting of an array or string.
RANDOM(n)
This generates a random number from 0 to n.
Comments
Comments are indicated by the # symbol, followed by any text.
A comment can be on a line by itself or at the end of a line.
Devices
Use of KEYBOARD and DISPLAY are suitable for input and output.
Additional devices may be required, but their function will be obvious from the context.
For example, CARD_READER and MOTOR are two such devices.
Notes
In the following pseudocode, the < > indicates where expressions or values need to be
supplied. The < > symbols are not part of the pseudocode.

P72406A 3
 Turn over
Variables and arrays

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SET Counter TO 0
SET Variable TO <value> Assigns a value to a variable.
SET MyString TO ‘Hello world’

Computes the value of an

SET Sum TO Score + 10
SET Variable TO <expression> expression and assigns to
SET Size to LENGTH(Word)
a variable.

Assigns a value to an element SET ArrayClass[1] TO ‘Ann’

SET Array[index] TO <value>
of a one-dimensional array. SET ArrayMarks[3]TO 56

Initialises a one-dimensional
SET Array TO [<value>, ...] SET ArrayValues TO [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
array with a set of values.

SET Array [RowIndex, Assigns a value to an element

SET ArrayClassMarks[2,4] TO 92
ColumnIndex] TO <value> of a two dimensional array.

Selection

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = 10 THEN

If <expression> is true then
<command> SET Score TO Score + 1
command is executed.
END IF END IF

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = ‘correct’ THEN

4 P72406A

Repetition

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

WHILE <condition> DO Pre-conditioned loop. Executes WHILE Flag = 0 DO

<command> <command> whilst SEND ‘All well’ TO DISPLAY
END WHILE <condition> is true. END WHILE

Post-conditioned loop.
REPEAT Executes REPEAT
<command> <command> until <condition> SET Go TO Go + 1
UNTIL <expression> is true. The loop must execute UNTIL Go = 10
at least once.

Count controlled loop. The

REPEAT <expression> TIMES REPEAT 100-Number TIMES
number of times <command>
<command> SEND ‘*’ TO DISPLAY
is executed is determined by
END REPEAT END REPEAT
the expression.

FOR <id> FROM <expression>

P72406A 5
 Turn over
Input/output

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SEND ‘Have a good day.’ TO

SEND <expression> TO DISPLAY Sends output to the screen.
DISPLAY

RECEIVE Name FROM (STRING)

KEYBOARD
RECEIVE <identifier> FROM
RECEIVE LengthOfJourney
(type) Reads input of specified type.
FROM (INTEGER) CARD_READER
<device>
RECEIVE YesNo FROM
(CHARACTER) CARD_READER

File handling

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

Reads in a record from a <file>

and assigns to a <variable>.
READ <File> <record> READ [Link] Record
Each READ statement reads a
record from the file.

Writes a record to a file.

WRITE [Link] Answer1,
WRITE <File> <record> Each WRITE statement writes a
Answer2, ‘xyz 01’
record to the file.

Subprograms

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

6 P72406A

Arithmetic operators

Symbol Description

+ Add

- Subtract

/ Divide

* Multiply

^ Exponent

MOD Modulo

DIV Integer division

Relational operators

Symbol Description

= equal to

<> not equal to

> greater than

>= greater than or equal to

< less than

<= less than or equal to

Logical operators

Symbol Description

Returns true if both conditions

AND
are true.
Returns true if any of the
OR
conditions are true.
Reverses the outcome of the
NOT expression; true becomes false,
false becomes true.

P72406A 7

BLANK PAGE

8 P72406A

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

3–5 June 2020

Time: 3 hours Paper Reference 4CP0/02

Computer Science
Paper 2: Application of Computational Thinking
You must have: Total Marks
A computer workstation with appropriate programming language
code editing software and tools, including interpreter/compiler,
CODES folder containing code and data files, pseudocode
command set (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions requiring a written answer in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• the
Only one programming language (Python, C# and Java) must be used throughout
test.
• Carry out practical tasks on the computer system and save new or amended code
using the name given in the question with the appropriate file extension.
• Do not overwrite the original code and data files provided to you.
• You must not use the internet during the test.
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• This paper covers Python, C# and Java.
• The invigilatorfolder
The CODES in your user area includes all the code and data files you need.
• will tell you where to store your work.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Save your work regularly.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

C# Java Python

1 Computer programs make use of many programming constructs.

(a) Identify which one of these is not an arithmetic operator.
(1)

A add

B divide

C equals

D modulus
(b) State the values used by the Boolean data type.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2
*P61885A0216*
(c) Open Q01c in the code editor.
The program should multiply two integers.
There are three errors in the code.
Amend the code to correct the errors.
Save your amended code as Q01cFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(3)
(d) State what is meant by the term ‘variable’.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(e) Ayesha has written a program that calculates the sum of a set of numbers.
Open Q01e in the code editor.
Answer these questions about the code.
(i) Identify the line number where the code includes a logic operator.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Identify the line number where a subprogram definition starts.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) Identify the name of a numeric variable.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) Identify the name of a string variable.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)

*P61885A0316*
3
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2 Rama wants some computer programs for his daughter, Ayomi.
(a) Rama wants a program to calculate the area of a triangle.
(area of a triangle = ½ base x height)
This pseudocode contains the logic required to create the program.

1 # Initialise variables
2
3 SET base TO 50
4 SET heightChk TO TRUE
5
6 # Print prompt and take input from user
7
8 WHILE heightChk DO
9 SEND “Enter the height (between 1 and 100): “ TO DISPLAY
10 RECEIVE height FROM (INTEGER) KEYBOARD
11 IF (height >= 1 AND height <= 100)
12 THEN heightChk = FALSE
13 END IF
14 END WHILE
15
16 # Calculate and print out values
17
18 SET area TO 0.5 * base * height
19
20 SEND (“Base of triangle is: “ , base) TO DISPLAY
21 SEND (“Height of triangle is: “ , height) TO DISPLAY
22 SEND (“Area of triangle is: “ , area) TO DISPLAY

4
*P61885A0416*
Write a program to implement the logic in the pseudocode.
Open Q02a in the code editor.
You must use the structure given in Q02a to write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q02aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(10)
(b) Ayomi wants a program that will calculate the number of fence panels required to
surround building sites such as the one shown in the diagram (not to scale).

Length

Building site Width

Access
point

Each building site is a rectangle.

Each fence panel is 1 metre long.
A gap of 4 metres is needed to access each site. The location of the gap is not
significant.
The user will input the length and width of the building site as whole numbers of
metres.
The program will output the minimum number of full panels needed.
Q02b provides a structure for the program.
Open Q02b in the code editor.
Write the program.
You must use the structure given in Q02b to write the program.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q02bFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(7)

(Total for Question 2 = 17 marks)

*P61885A0516*
5
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3 Several encryption algorithms have been developed.
(a) State what is meant by the term ‘encryption’.
(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Give one reason why data may need to be encrypted.

(1)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Encrypted text:

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6
*P61885A0616*
(ii) Explain one reason why the Rail Fence cipher is a weak encryption algorithm.
(2)

(Total for Question 3 = 8 marks)

*P61885A0716*
7
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4 Gianluca is a schoolteacher. He is in charge of a year group of pupils.
(a) He has started to create a program to analyse test results.
Open Q04a in the code editor.
Amend the code to complete the ‘if statement’ used to produce the outputs
described in this table.

Condition Output text

English test score was less than 40;

Student failed both tests
Maths test score was less than 50
English test score was less than 40 or
Student failed one test
Maths test score was less than 50
English test score was at least 80;
Student passed both tests with distinction
Maths test score was at least 85

Other conditions Student passed both tests

Do not add any further functionality.

Save your code as Q04aFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(6)
(b) Gianluca has started to create a program to analyse pupil attendance.
He wants to use a menu system with subprograms.
Open Q04b in the code editor.
The program must include subprograms to:
• display the names of students whose percentage attendance was less than
75%
• count and display the number of students whose percentage attendance was
90% or higher.
Complete the program code to implement these requirements using the structure
given in Q04b.
Do not add any further functionality.
Save your code as Q04bFINISHED with the correct file extension for the
programming language.
(7)

(Total for Question 4 = 13 marks)

8
*P61885A0816*
5 Cerys Jones is the manager of a shop that sells electrical goods.
She is creating a stock control program.
(a) Each item of stock will have a ten-character code.
Each code consists of three parts.

Part Description

Characters 1 to 3 Uppercase letters

Characters 4 to 9 Numbers between 1 and 9 inclusive

Character 10 ‘e’ or ‘o’ indicating whether the sum of the numbers is even or odd

WAS123456o, FDG232324e and VAC129222e are valid codes.

All codes need to be validated.
Complete the table to show two additional validation tests.
For each test, give one example of erroneous data. The example that you give
should fail only that test.
(4)

Validation test Erroneous data

Is the last character ‘o’ or ‘e’? ABC654321v

(b) Cerys will need an algorithm to search the table of stock data.
(i) State two advantages of using a linear search algorithm rather than a binary
search algorithm.
(2)

*P61885A0916*
9
Turn over
(ii) State two disadvantages of using a linear search algorithm rather than a
binary search algorithm.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) Cerys will use functions and procedures in her program.

(i) One similarity between a function and a procedure is that they are both
subprograms.
State two other similarities.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Explain one difference between a function and a procedure.

(2)

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 5 = 12 marks)

10
*P61885A01016*
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QUESTION 6 BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

*P61885A01116*
11
Turn over
6 Farshia is the regional manager for an insurance company.
She manages a team of sales staff.
She wants a program to analyse the performance of her team over a number of
months.
Test data has been included in the code.
Open Q06 in the code editor.
Write a program to:
• calculate and display the total sales made by each member of the team
• calculate and display the total sales made by the whole team
• display the first name, last name and the total sales made by the two members
of the team with the highest total sales. (Ignore the possibility of two or more
members of the team having the same total sales.)
Your program should function correctly even if the number of months or
number of members of the team is changed.
Save your code as Q06FINISHED with the correct file extension for the programming
language.
(20)

12
*P61885A01216*
You may use this space for planning / design work.

(Total for Question 6 = 20 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

*P61885A01316*
13
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14
*P61885A01416*
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*P61885A01516*
15
BLANK PAGE

16
*P61885A01616*
Pearson Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 International GCSE (9–1)

3–5 June 2020

Paper Reference 4CP0/02

Computer Science
Component 2
Pseudocode command set

Resource Booklet
Do not return this resource booklet with the question paper.

Turn over

1/1/1/1/1
Pseudocode command set
Questions in the written examination that involve code will use this pseudocode
for clarity and consistency. However, students may answer questions using any valid
method.
Data types
INTEGER
REAL
BOOLEAN
CHARACTER
Type coercion
Type coercion is automatic if indicated by context. For example 3 + 8.25 = 11.25
(integer + real = real)
Mixed mode arithmetic is coerced like this:

INTEGER REAL

INTEGER INTEGER REAL

REAL REAL REAL

2
P61885A
Identifiers
Identifiers are sequences of letters, digits and ‘_’, starting with a letter, for example:
MyValue, myValue, My_Value, Counter2
Functions
LENGTH()
For data structures consisting of an array or string.
RANDOM(n)
This generates a random number from 0 to n.
Comments
Comments are indicated by the # symbol, followed by any text.
A comment can be on a line by itself or at the end of a line.
Devices
Use of KEYBOARD and DISPLAY are suitable for input and output.
Additional devices may be required, but their function will be obvious from the context.
For example, CARD_READER and MOTOR are two such devices.
Notes
In the following pseudocode, the < > indicates where expressions or values need to be
supplied. The < > symbols are not part of the pseudocode.

3
P61885A
Turn over
Variables and arrays

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SET Counter TO 0
SET Variable TO <value> Assigns a value to a variable.
SET MyString TO ‘Hello world’

Computes the value of an

SET Sum TO Score + 10
SET Variable TO <expression> expression and assigns to
SET Size to LENGTH(Word)
a variable.

Assigns a value to an element SET ArrayClass[1] TO ‘Ann’

SET Array[index] TO <value>
of a one-dimensional array. SET ArrayMarks[3]TO 56

Initialises a one-dimensional
SET Array TO [<value>, …] SET ArrayValues TO [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
array with a set of values.

SET Array [RowIndex, Assigns a value to an element

SET ArrayClassMarks[2,4] TO 92
ColumnIndex] TO <value> of a two dimensional array.

Selection

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = 10 THEN

If <expression> is true then
<command> SET Score TO Score + 1
command is executed.
END IF END IF

IF <expression> THEN IF Answer = ‘correct’ THEN

4
P61885A
Repetition

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

WHILE <condition> DO Pre-conditioned loop. Executes WHILE Flag = 0 DO

SET WordsArray TO [‘The’, ‘Sky’,

‘is’, ‘grey’]
FOR EACH <id> FROM SET Sentence to ‘‘
Count controlled loop.
<expression> DO FOR EACH Word FROM
Executes for each element of
<command> WordsUArray DO
an array.
END FOREACH SET Sentence TO Sentence &
Word & ‘ ‘
END FOREACH

5
P61885A
Turn over
Input/output

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

SEND ‘Have a good day.’ TO

SEND <expression> TO DISPLAY Sends output to the screen.
DISPLAY

RECEIVE Name FROM (STRING)

KEYBOARD
RECEIVE <identifier> FROM
RECEIVE LengthOfJourney
(type) Reads input of specified type.
FROM (INTEGER) CARD_READER
<device>
RECEIVE YesNo FROM
(CHARACTER) CARD_READER

File handling

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

Reads in a record from a <file>

Subprograms

Syntax Explanation of syntax Example

6
P61885A
Arithmetic operators

Symbol Description

+ Add

- Subtract

/ Divide

* Multiply

^ Exponent

MOD Modulo

DIV Integer division

Relational operators

Symbol Description

= equal to

<> not equal to

> greater than

>= greater than or equal to

< less than

<= less than or equal to

Logical operators

Symbol Description

Returns true if both conditions

AND
are true.
Returns true if any of the
OR
conditions are true.
Reverses the outcome of the
NOT expression; true becomes false,
false becomes true.

7
P61885A
Turn over
BLANK PAGE

8
P61885A

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