AND A logical keyword where both assertIsInstance An assert test

sides of the comparison must be true in that determines whether a variable is an

order for the statement to be true. instance of a class.

Append An act that adds items assertTrue An assert test that

to the end of a list or writes text to the end determines whether a statement is true.
of a file.
Assignment An event which takes
Append Function In the context of place when a variable is set to be equal to
file management, a built-in function that a string, number, Boolean operator, list, or
adds content to an existing file. date.

Arithmetic Operator An Boolean Variable A type of variable

operator used to perform basic with two possible values: true or false. A
mathematical operations. Boolean variable is often used to determine
a course of action within a program.
Assert Test A type of unit test that
compares two values and returns a True or Break Statement A statement used
False based on the result of the to exit a loop of code.
comparison.
Call Signature A line of code
assertEqual An assert test that that calls a function and, when applicable,
determines whether two values are equal provides needed arguments for said
to each other. function.

assertIn An assert test that ceil A math function that returns

determines whether a value is contained in the next integer up from a decimal number.
a set of values.
choiceA random function that returns
assertIs An assert test that one value from a list of
determines whether two variables share
the same memory space.

values.

Class A framework for a group of Compound Conditional A type of

objects and methods that help define those statement that has two or more conditions,
objects. separated by logical operators.

Close Function In the context of Containment Operator An

file management, a built-in function that operator that determines if a value is
closes a file and frees the memory space contained in a set of values.
the file occupies.
Continue Statement A
Command-Line Argument A value statement used to skip running the rest of
used to control how a block of code runs via an iteration within a loop.
the command line.
Datetime Module A module that
Comment A symbol used to get an provides functionality for dates, times, and
interpreter to ignore a line of code. date and time formats.
Comments are often used to explain code.
Def Keyword A keyword used in
Comparison Operator An Python to begin and define a function.
operator that is used inside Python to
Default Value A value or item in
compare arguments. Comparision
a function that is set to be constant but can
operators include less than, less than or
be overridden.
equal to, greater than, or greater than or
equal to.
 Dictionary A list of data that stores Identity Operator An operator in
values in key-value pairs. Python that is used to determine if two
variables share the same memory space.
Docstring Also known as a
documentation string, a block of code, If Statement A statement used to
surrounded by triple quotation marks, that check to see if a condition is true, and, if it
is used to explain what code is doing. is, causes a specific action to be performed.

Elif Statement A conditional Immutable In the context of

statement that checks to see if a condition variables, a type of variable that cannot be
is true based on an if statement's condition changed without redefining the variable.
not being true.
Indentation The formatting of code
Else In the context of exception in which a block of code knows which
handling, the code block that runs if a Try statements are part of that block, such as
block succeeds. actions within an if statement.

Else Statement A statement used Index The position in which an item

in conjunction with if and elif statements. is in a list or a character is in within a set of
An else statement provides an action in characters. The first index value is always
case no if or elif conditions are true. 0.

Except In the context of Insert In the context of lists, the act

exception handling, the code block that of adding an item to a specified spot within
runs if a Try block fails. the list.

Exists Function In the context of Integer Variable A type of variable

file management, a built-in function that that stores whole numbers.
checks to see if a file or folder exists.
Io Module A module that provides
fabs A math function that measures functionality for file management.
the absolute distance from zero and
isnan A math function that checks to
presented as a floating decimal.
see if a value is a number and returns False
Finally Keyword A block of code if it is a number and True if it is not a
that runs regardless of whether a try block number.
was successful.
isqrt A math function that returns
Float Variable A type of number the integer of a square root of a number.
variable that uses a decimal as part of its
List A variable that stores a
storage.
collection of items in a defined order.
floor A math function that returns
Logic Error A type of error in Python
an integer portion of a number.
that occurs when an argument, calculation,
fmod A math function that returns or flow is set incorrectly.
the modulus for two numbers and is
Logical Operator An operator that
presented as a floating decimal.
compares two conditions using keywords
For Loop A loop that runs a block and, or, or not.
of code a set number of times.
Math ModuleA module that provides
frexp A math function that returns a means to multiple types of calculations.
the mantissa and exponent of a number.
Method A function that belongs
Function A block of code that can to a class.
be called upon multiple times within a
nan An expression that signifies a
program.
value is not a number.
 Nested If An if statement that is random A function that returns a
placed inside of another if statement. random number between 0 and 1.

Nested Loop A loop that is placed Random Library A library that

inside of another loop. contains many random number and list-
related functions.
NOT The logical keyword that takes
a condition set by the user and checks for randrange A random function that
its opposite. returns a number between a starting value
and one less than the ending value.
now A date function that returns
the current date and time. Read Function In the context of
file management, a built-in function that
ObjectA tangible asset used as a
reads the contents of a file or stream.
building block for an app.
Remove In the context of lists,
Open Function A built-in function
the act of deleting an item from a list.
that opens a file, usually for reading
purposes. Remove Function In the context of
file management, a built-in function that
OR A logical keyword where only
deletes a file from a folder.
one of the two possibilities need to be true
in an argument for the argument to be true. Return Keyword A keyword that
defines the end of a function and holds a
Os Module The operating system
value to be used outside of the function.
(os) module allows the user to perform
operating system tasks, such as create a Runtime Error A error type that
folder. only occurs when an app runs and often
results in the app crashing.
[Link] A piece of the os
module, the [Link] is used to help users to sample A random function that
find files and folders on specific paths. returns a set number of values from a list of
values.
Pass Keyword A keyword that is
used as a placeholder for code to be filled Set A list of data that stores
in later. The Pass keyword is often used as unique values of data.
part of a loop.
shuffle A random function that
pi A math function that returns pi reorders a list of values randomly.
(3.14159).
Slicing A process that extracts
pow A math function that returns characters from a list, word, or phrase.
one number raised to the power of another
sqrt A math function that returns
number.
the square root of a number.
Pydoc A feature in Python that acts
strftime A date function that
as a library module. It automatically
formats a date and time as a string, with
generates documentation on Python
symbols used to manipulate the format of
modules or keywords.
the string.
Raise A type of keyword that is used
String Variable A type of variable
to display an error message when an
in Python that is used to store items and
exception occurs.
information.
randint A random function that
returns an integer between a starting value
and an ending value.