19.
CAPACITANCE
19.1 (D)
E= 20_. 2Ae, 3Q
2A¬ E2Ae
Ed =3Q
20
=V
() F = EQI2
F=
Ae
1
(ii) Energy = , E Ad
1 (3Q Ad 9Q
8 C
19.2 (B) Equivalent circuit is
2/3 F
HH
iu
19.3 (C)
Rearrange the circuit
213 uF
2uF
19.4 (D) 304 -30u
Q+Q2
V=C+C2 -30u 30u
Final potential difference= zero
Final charge =Zero
Charge flow 30 ucfrom Ato D
19.5 (A c
20 4C
apotentil Glerance
(rgh!) dielectrie conetant 2 and 4
in not same
rong)
The equivalent capacitance Cg 2Cx6C 6Cx 4C =3.9 C
2C+6C 6C +4C
19.6 (D) Let the capacitance before insertion of dielectric be C and the resistance be R.
q=% e RC and
iRG
Just after insertion of dielectric the capacitance Increases.
The charge just after insertion of dielectric remains same, but the current decreases.
(A) and (B) are false
The energy stored in capacitor is Dhence energy decreases
(C) is false
The time constant is RC and hence increases. > (D) is true
19.7 (B)
just before S, is closed the
terence across capacitor 2 is 2E
just after S, is closed the difference across capacitors 1 and 2 are 0 and 2E respectively.
Applying KVL to loop ABCD immediately after S, is closed.
E=-0R, + 0+ 2E
E
i= R. towards left
19.8 (D)
This is a DC circuit because the battery is the only source of
voltage. Hence the capacitors behave like open circuits. An
equivalent circuit is then two parallel sets of two identical series
resistors, figure. The voltage drop across each parallel branch
must be the battery voltage of 3V. Since the resistors are identical
there is an equal voltage drop of 1.5V across each resistor, In
particular there is a drop of 1.5 Vacross resistor A.
19.9 (A) Rate of change of energy=V.I.
Initially V=0 hence VI =0
finally I = 0 hence VI =0
first increases then decreases
19.10 (A)
As the key is connected to 1 and 2 freguently and at equal intervals, the two emf's E &E, behave as
d.c. sources in continuous contact.
ER, +E,R,)
The potential due to the two calls IsVR.+R.
:
Hence the charge on the capacitor is q= CV=
ER, +E,R,C Ans.
(R, +Rz)
19.11 (C)
AQ=c(E, te,)
work done by battery W, =E,.AQ
=C(E,
Heat
rated=W,-A0
19.12 (A) The equivalent circuit is as shown in figure (b).
102
8v 0.1uF L 202 0.1uFL
1092
Fig. (b)
Fig. (a)
difference across AB is 4 volts.
In the steady state the potential
Charge on capacitor in steady state is
q= CV= 0.4 uC
V 4
Current through resistor Ris I= n0.2 A
keo A 2¬, A
19.13 (D) U-o d/2 (d/2)
d/2 dl2 4eo A
C. a12 C 3 d
CC,+C, d/2
Method I
19.14 (B) Force between plates
AV2
where x is separation between plates
F= 2y2
2Ae 2Aeo
dW = Fdx
4X
-=200 uJ
MethodI
U,+W, + WU,t loss
Process 0s slow so energy loss is zero work done by battery =W= QE
Q=Q,-Q= 20- 40 -20
W, -20 * 20
;2x 20°-20 x20 + W, ;1x 20 +0
W.200J
19.15 (A)
Force on metal plate S due to electrostatic attraction by plate Tis F= A
Force exerted on plate S by spring is mg
In equilibrium
2A eo =mg or Q= 2mgA ¬0
19.16 (C)
C= d since effective capacitance between plates Aand Eis zero.
UCV 24
19.17 (D) When switch S, is closed, due to symmetry no charge will flow through S,.
Alternate solution:
After closing and before closing the switch there is no change in potential of any point.
E
19.18 (D) R
at t = 0 at t=0
so charge on the capacitor is Ce, when current is 50% of maximum current.
19.19 (D)
In the given crosS-section which lies inside the capacitor plates, no charge floWs. hence the
required charge is 0.
19.20 (C)
1
Energy density =2 ke,E2
Since the cell remains connected, V remains unchanged (and therefore E remains
unchanged)
Energy density wll increase k times.
19.21 (C) Charge on outer surface of C=-charge on inner surface of C
Hence potential at B due to charge on conductor C =0
charge on outer surface of dielectric=-charge on inner surface of dielectric.
Potential at B due to charge on dielectric = 0
Potential at B due to charge on A
net potential at B =
19.22 (C) Let s be the charge density of conducting
plate and V be the volume of either dielectric
1
K, 2
K Ev K En
K,
19.23 (C)
Let us give equal and opposite charges to two wires so that they would have linear charge density as
+ and-1.
Electric field at point P,
E 2ex 2re (na-x)
where a is radius of wire ’ C= jV Inn
19.24 (D) Fo-.
The resultant force acting per unit area of each plate can be written as F=
F' is the force acting on unit
on unit area of plate due to other plate and
Wnere Fo ls the force acting
area of plate from the dielectric.
Now F= 2cgEA d F=
2d2
A 28g8A A
Also Fo =Fxe
So 2d
19.25 (B)
steady state the capacitor is fully charged and is treated as open circuit, so no current flows through
In can be redrawn as:
branch containing capacitor in steady state. So the circuit
10V
10 52
6V 2
20
state
Potential difference across the capacitor in steady
= V-6-V=-6V
plate is of negative polarity)
(-ve sign signifies that left hand
C
Charge = CV=1x6=6
1926 (A) remains conserved, so the sum
As the charge of isolated system
of charges of plates having-ve polarity remains constant. As
so some charge flows into
potential of two capacitors are differentpotential.
same
the circuit till both acquire the
As charge flows, AH 0, and
hence 2u *2U,
then
Let final common potential be V,
V=
cV, +C,V2=yi2
2 fas C, =C,= C]
C+Cz
1947 4
The charge on the capacitor when curent reaches 1
,-(4R.C,
When Ua switch is in posilion 2, this charoe is shared with capacitor G, and at steady state potenual across
G,is equal to that across C,. The energy lost in this process
1 1 CC
19.48 13
PA
fA
A2 A2 A2
A2
K4 d2 K4 d2
C, SoA/2 EoA/2 13 EoA
C=C, +C,=
d
d2,d
k2
5d 10 d
19.49 300
10
E< 10
d
< 10
kEgA
d> 10m² C=
d
d=10
C
10 xC 10 x 50 x 10-12
A> A> = 300 mm²
keo (6x)
36r
19.50 Let each plate moves a distance 'x' from its initial position. (od,+x
Let q charge flows in the loop. using KVL
(8-je.)(-aa -0
¬ A d,-x
Qx dq Qdx
q 2d dt 2d. dt
Ans, = 2d
19.46 75
Lm
T20V 60
H(in 22) 225 J, H (in 32) 150uJ, H(in 62) 75uJ
Energy taken from cell =20 x 30 J
= 600 pJ
1
Energy stored in capacitors 3. 10² = 150 J
2
Heat produced in resistors = 600-150 = 450 uJ
Divide this heat in 22nand (equivalent of 312 and 62)
i.e., in 22 and 20Q
which is 225 u J, 225 uJ
Heat produced in 22 = 225 uJ
Further divide 225 uJ in 30Q and 62 in inverse ratio of resistance
225
Heat in 32 = 9 -x6=
225 x2 = 75 * 2 = 150 J
3
225
Heat in 62 = x3 = 75 pJ
9
19.51 75
Sol. Initial state Final state
+B0C
-804C
(85 C)
(-06 JC)
-120JC
-M-- 120)B0 yc
From conservation of c
t0
-4,R,-9, 10-120 ..(1)
-9,4, -80 +120 = 40 uC.....(2)
In the final state
CA Ca Co
i 2 at 4, +4,=24,
1 2 2
Soving we get q, =65 uC.
The charge on lower plate of capacitor C. changes from -120 pC to-65 uC.
Hence the charge flowing through shown connecting wire is
(120-65) =55 pC.
final charges
9, 65uC:g, =25uC;q, =45uC
Heat produced = U-U,
(120uC 80,uC)²(10,C (65uC) (25uC)² (45uC =3025 uJ Ans. 3025
2x 21.F 2xuf- 2x2uF2x2uf 2x1uF
2x 2uF
19.52 5
AppBying Kirchoffs law in
Locp1
c-(+)R-i, R=0 ..1)
Loop 2
-,R*e-,R=0..2)
eliminating i, from (1) and (2)
--7R+,R0
2
3C-2q dq
R
2C dt
- in[ 1
20
3Ce
A 3RC
q dq -
from (1), i -4R
2R 2R
Ans. A+B 2+3 5