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Number System

The document outlines methods for converting between binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems, providing examples for each conversion type. It also explains binary arithmetic operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, with corresponding examples. Additionally, it briefly introduces ASCII codes and their binary representations.

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crystallycl3ar
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4 views2 pages

Number System

The document outlines methods for converting between binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems, providing examples for each conversion type. It also explains binary arithmetic operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, with corresponding examples. Additionally, it briefly introduces ASCII codes and their binary representations.

Uploaded by

crystallycl3ar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Number System Conversions & Binary Arithmetic

1. Number System Conversions

Binary → Decimal
Convert binary to decimal by multiplying each bit with 2^position.

Example: 10101₂ = (1×2^4) + (0×2^3) + (1×2^2) + (0×2^1) + (1×2^0) = 21₁₀

Decimal → Binary
Convert decimal to binary by repeated division by 2, reading remainders bottom-up.

Example: 25₁₀ = 11001₂

Binary → Hexadecimal
Group binary digits into 4 bits, convert each group to hexadecimal.

Example: 10110110₂ = B6₁₆

Decimal → Hexadecimal
Convert decimal to binary, group into 4 bits, convert to hexadecimal.

Example: 58₁₀ = 3A₁₆

2. Binary Arithmetic

Binary Addition
Rules: 0+0=0, 0+1=1, 1+0=1, 1+1=10 (carry 1)

Example: 1011₂ + 1101₂ = 11000₂

Binary Subtraction
Rules: 0-0=0, 1-0=1, 1-1=0, 0-1=1 (borrow 1).

Example: 1010₂ – 0111₂ = 0011₂ (3 in decimal)

Binary Multiplication
Rules: 0×0=0, 0×1=0, 1×0=0, 1×1=1

Example: 101₂ × 11₂ = 1111₂ (15 in decimal)

Binary Division
Perform division in base-2.

Example: 1010₂ ÷ 10₂ = 101₂ (5 in decimal)


3. ASCII Codes
ASCII represents characters as numbers.

Examples: A=65=01000001₂, B=66=01000010₂, a=97=01100001₂, 0=48=00110000₂

Example: C = 67₁₀ = 01000011₂

Summary Table
Conversion / Operation Example Result

Binary → Decimal 10101₂ 21₁₀

Decimal → Binary 25₁₀ 11001₂

Binary → Hexadecimal 10110110₂ B6₁₆

Decimal → Hexadecimal 58₁₀ 3A₁₆

Binary Addition 1011₂ + 1101₂ 11000₂

Binary Subtraction 1010₂ – 0111₂ 0011₂

Binary Multiplication 101₂ × 11₂ 1111₂

Binary Division 1010₂ ÷ 10₂ 101₂

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