TRAINING
METHOD
Tim Pengampu DTP
Training Method
● A training method is the process, technique or approach which
a trainer uses in teaching.
● The method by which training is delivered often varies based
on the needs of the company, the trainee, and on the task
being performed.
● The method chosen will motivate employees to learn, help
them retain and transfer what they have learned and enhance
performance with other skills and knowledge.
Presentation
How is the information transmitted to the trainee
with presentation methods?
What information is transmitted?
Two presentation methods:
Lectures
Audio-visual techniques
Hands-on Method
Hands-on methods refer to training
methods that require the trainee to
be actively involved in learning.
These methods include:
On-the-job training
Simulations
Case studies
Business games
Role plays
Behavior modeling
Hands-on Method
Hands-on methods refer to training
methods that require the trainee to
be actively involved in learning.
These methods include:
On-the-job training
Simulations
Case studies
Business games
Role plays
Behavior modeling
On-the-job training
On-the-job training (OJT) refers to new or inexperienced
employees learning through observing peers or
managers performing the job and trying to imitate their
behavior.
OJT includes:
Apprenticeships
Self-directed learning programs
Simulation
Represents a real-life situation.
Trainees’ decisions result in outcomes that mirror what
would happen if on the job.
Used to teach:
Production and process skills
Management and interpersonal skills
Case Study
Description about how employees or an organization dealt with
a difficult situation.
Trainees are required to:
Analyze and critique actions taken
Indicate the appropriate actions
Suggest what might have been done differently
Role Plays
Trainees act out characters assigned to them.
Information regarding the situation is provided to the trainees.
Focus on interpersonal responses.
Outcomes depend on the emotional (and subjective)
reactions of the other trainees.
The more meaningful the exercise, the higher the level of
participant focus and intensity.
Behavioral Modeling
Involves presenting trainees with a model who demonstrates
key behaviors to replicate.
Provides trainees opportunity to practice the key behaviors.
Based on the principles of social learning theory.
More appropriate for learning skills and behaviors than
factual information.
Effective for teaching interpersonal and computer skills.
Group Building Methods
Group building methods refer to training
methods designed to improve team or
group effectiveness.
Training directed at improving individual
trainees’ skills as well as team
effectiveness.
Involve trainees:
Sharing ideas and experiences
Building group identity
Understanding interpersonal dynamics
Learning their strengths and weaknesses and of their co-workers
Group Building Methods:
Adventure Learning
● Focuses on the development of teamwork and leadership
skills using structured outdoor activities.
● Also known as wilderness training and outdoor training.
● Best suited for developing skills related to group
effectiveness such as:
○ Self-awareness
○ Problem solving
○ Conflict management
○ Risk taking
Group Building Methods:
Team Training
● Involves coordinating the performance of individuals who work
together to achieve a common goal.
● Teams that are effectively trained develop procedures to identify
and resolve errors, coordinate information gathering, and reinforce
each other.
Group Building Methods:
Action Learning
● Involves giving teams or work groups:
○ an actual problem,
○ having them work on solving it,
○ committing to an action plan, and
○ holding them accountable for carrying
out the plan.
Choosing Training Method
1. Identify the type of learning outcome that you want training to
influence.
2. Consider the extent to which the learning method facilitates
learning and transfer of training.
3. Evaluate the costs related to development and use of the method.
4. Consider the effectiveness of the training method.
Edgar Dale: The Cone of Learning
©SHRM 2009 Source: Mesa Community College
Advantages Disadvantages
Method
Opportunity to provide Does not involve
Demonstration
feedback. everyone.
Good practice for May be dominated by a
Role play participants and involvement. few participants.
Good for high content if Passive and not
Lecture presenter is good. stimulating.
Good focus and high May be dominated by a
Case study involvement. few participants.
Panel High content and variety of Low learner
discussion perspectives. involvement.
Method Adv Dis
Field trips Allow for sensory perception. Needs prior preparation.
Small group tasks Highly participatory and task May be dominated by a few
oriented. participants.
Video or film Good focus and pre-designed. Little participant interaction.
May enhance content.
Large group Highly energizing and high May be dominated by a few
discussion participation. participants.
Fishbowl activities Develops understanding of Limited active participation
concepts and differing in activity.
perspectives.
Thanks
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