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Science

The document discusses the concept of health as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, emphasizing that it is influenced by the environment. It categorizes diseases into acute, chronic, infectious, and non-infectious, providing examples and symptoms for each type. Additionally, it outlines prevention methods such as vaccination and healthy lifestyle choices, treatment options including medicines and surgery, and mentions government health programs aimed at disease control.

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4 views11 pages

Science

The document discusses the concept of health as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, emphasizing that it is influenced by the environment. It categorizes diseases into acute, chronic, infectious, and non-infectious, providing examples and symptoms for each type. Additionally, it outlines prevention methods such as vaccination and healthy lifestyle choices, treatment options including medicines and surgery, and mentions government health programs aimed at disease control.

Uploaded by

kammube
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Why Do We

Fall Ill ?
Health
‘Health’ is a state of being well enough to function well physically,
mentally and socially.
If health means a state of physical, mental and social well-being, it
cannot be something that each one of us can achieve entirely on our
own.
The health of all organisms will depend on their surroundings or their
environment.
Diseases
Disease is a state when the functioning of one or more systems of the
the body will change for the worse. Diseases are classified as :

1. ACUTE DISEASES : Some diseases that last for only very short periods of
time are acute diseases. Ex - Common cold
2. CHRONIC DISEASES : Ailments that last for a long time, even a lifetime
are called chronic diseases. Ex - Elephantiasis
3. INFECTIOUS DISEASES : Diseases where microbes are the immediate
causes are called infectious diseases. Ex - Common cold
4. NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES : Diseases that are not caused by
pathogens, unlike microbes that can spread in a community ,but have
external causes. Ex - Heart disease
Infectious diseases
POLIO (Virus)- Polio is caused by the poliovirus. It mainly targets nerve cells in
the spinal cord and brain stem that control muscle movement. Fever,
headache, fatigue, sore throat, and vomiting are its symptoms.

TUBERCULOSIS (Bacteria) - Caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis


bacterium, which spreads through the air and can affect the lungs or other
organs. Symptoms vary but often include a persistent cough (sometimes with
blood), chest pain, fever, night sweats, and weight loss.

MALARIA (Protozoa) : Caused by the Plasmodium genus of sporozoan


parasites, transmitted by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
Symptoms include fever, chills, and sweating.
Non - Infectious Diseases
Cardiovascular disease(CVD) : is a general term for conditions affecting the
heart or blood vessels. It's usually associated with a build-up of fatty deposits
inside the arteries (atherosclerosis) and an increased risk of blood clots.
Its causes are :
Unhealthy diet and obesity
Use of tobacco and cigarette
Lack of physical activity
High blood pressure and cholesterol level
Genetics and family history
We can prevent it by :
Adopting a healthy lifestyle
Exercising regularly
Quitting tobacco and cigarette
Managing stress
Methods of prevention and treatment
and government programs
Methods of Prevention
1. Vaccination: Immunization programs help prevent diseases like polio, measles,
and tuberculosis.
2. Healthy Lifestyle and hygiene : Balanced diet, exercise, avoiding
smoking/alcohol help prevent non-infectious diseases, proper waste disposal,
and personal hygiene reduce infectious diseases.
Methods of Treatment
1. Medicines & Antibiotics: Used to cure or control infectious diseases.
2. Surgery & Therapy: For chronic non-infectious diseases .
3. Long-term Management: Use of insulin for diabetes, blood pressure medicines
for hypertension.
Government Programs
National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP)
National AIDS Control Programme (NACP)
Ayushman Bharat Scheme
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