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Biochemistry Assignment Modified

The document covers two biochemistry assignments focusing on molarity, molality, and normality, as well as the reactions of glucose, sucrose, maltose, and lactose. It defines key terms and formulas for molarity, molality, and normality, along with examples and properties of each. Additionally, it describes the hydrolysis reactions of various sugars and their characteristics.

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8 views2 pages

Biochemistry Assignment Modified

The document covers two biochemistry assignments focusing on molarity, molality, and normality, as well as the reactions of glucose, sucrose, maltose, and lactose. It defines key terms and formulas for molarity, molality, and normality, along with examples and properties of each. Additionally, it describes the hydrolysis reactions of various sugars and their characteristics.

Uploaded by

bpersonal208
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BIOCHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT No.

Molarity, Molality & Normality

1. Molarity (M)
Number of moles of solute dissolved in one litre of solution. It changes with temperature.
Formula: M = moles of solute / volume of solution (L)
Unit: mol/L

Example: If 0.5 mol NaCl (29.22 g) is dissolved in water to make 500 mL solution → 1 M NaCl
solution.

2. Molality (m)
Number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. It does not depend on temperature.
Formula: m = moles of solute / kg of solvent
Unit: mol/kg

Example: Dissolve 90 g glucose in 0.5 kg water → 1 m glucose solution.

3. Normality (N)
Number of gram equivalents of solute present in one litre of solution.
Formula: N = M × n-factor

Example: 1 M H3PO4 can behave as 3 N if it donates three H■ ions.

Property Molarity (M) Molality (m) Normality (N)


Denominator Volume of solution Mass of solvent Volume of solution
Unit mol/L mol/kg Eq/L
Temperature Effect Dependent Independent Dependent

BIOCHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT No. 2

Reactions of Glucose, Sucrose, Maltose & Lactose

1. Glucose (C6H12O6)
Monosaccharide and an important source of energy.
Respiration Reaction:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

2. Sucrose (C12H22O11)
Disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.
Hydrolysis:
C12H22O11 + H2O → Glucose + Fructose (with enzyme sucrase)

3. Maltose (C12H22O11)
Formed during starch digestion.
Hydrolysis:
Maltose + H2O → 2 Glucose (enzyme: maltase)

4. Lactose (C12H22O11)
Milk sugar composed of glucose and galactose.
Hydrolysis:
Lactose + H2O → Glucose + Galactose (enzyme: lactase)

Property Glucose Sucrose Maltose Lactose


Type Mono Di Di Di
Reducing Sugar Yes No Yes Yes
Hydrolysis Product — Glu+Fru 2 Glu Gal+Glu

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