MALAWI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MALAWI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED STUDIES
TUTORIAL II
APPLIED MATHEMATICS
DATE: Monday 22nd April, 2024.
Lecturers responsible: P. Juwawo & B. Malipa
Question 1
(a) Solve the following differential equations by separation of vari-
ables
dy
i. dx = sin 5x
ii. dx + e3xdy = 0
dy
iii. x dx = 4y
dy
iv. dx = e3x+2y
y+1 2
v. y ln x dx
dy = x
dy y 2 −1
vi. dx = x2 −1
, y(2) = 2
p √ √
3
vii. 1 − y 2dx − 1 − x2dy = 0, y(0) = 2
dy 2
viii. dx = ye−x , y(4) = 1
dy
ix. dx = y 2 sin x2, y(−2) = 13
x. sin 3xdx + 2y cos3 3xdy = 0
dy 2y+3 2
xi. dx = 4x+5
Page 1 of 4
(b) Solve the following differential equations by either integrating
factor or exact method.
i. 14. xy ′ + (1 + x)y = e−x sin 2x
6
ii. ydx − 4 x + y dy = 0
iii. ydx = (yey − 2x) dy
dy
iv. cos x dx + (sin x)y = 1
dy
2 3
v. cos x sin x dx + cos x y = 1
dy dy
vi. (x + 1) dx + (x + 2)y = 2xe−x (x + 2)2 dx = 5 − 8y − 4xy
vii. xy ′ + y = ex, y(1) = 2
viii. y dx
dy − x = 2y ,
2
y(1) = 5
di
ix.L dt + Ri = E, i(0) = i0, L, R, E, and i0 constants
dT
x. dt = k (T − Tm ) ; T (0) = T0, k, Tm, and T0 constants
xi.(2x − 1)dx + (3y + 7)dy = 0
xii.(2x + y)dx − (x + 6y)dy = 0
xiii.(5x + 4y)dx + 4x − 8y 3 dy = 0
xiv. (sin y − y sin x)dx + (cos x + x cos y − y)dy = 0
xv. 3x2y + ey dx + x3 + xey − 2y dy = 0
dy
xvi. x dx = 2xex − y + 6x2
3 dy
xvii. 1 − y + x dx + y = x3 − 1
Question 2
A heart pacemaker consists of a switch, a battery of constant volt-
age E0, a capacitor with constant capacitance C, and the heart as
a resistor with constant resistance R. When the switch is closed,
the capacitor charges; when the switch is open, the capacitor dis-
charges, sending an electrical stimulus to the heart. During the
time the heart is being stimulated, the voltage E across the heart
satisfies the linear differential equation
dE 1
=− E.
dt RC
Solve the DE subject to E(4) = E0.
Question paper cont. . . Page 2 of 4
Question 3
(a) Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solu-
tions of the given ODE. In each case, form the general solution.
i. y ′′ − y ′ − 12y = 0; e−3x, e4x, (−∞, ∞)
ii. y ′′ − 4y = 0; cosh 2x, sinh 2x, (−∞, ∞)
iii. y ′′ − 2y ′ + 5y = 0; ex cos 2x, ex sin 2x, (−∞, ∞)
iv. 4y ′′ − 4y ′ + y = 0; ex/2, xex/2, (−∞, ∞)
v. x2y ′′ − 6xy ′ + 12y = 0; x3, x4, (0, ∞)
vi. x2y ′′ + xy ′ + y = 0; cos(ln x), sin(ln x), (0, ∞)
vii. x3y ′′′ + 6x2y ′′ + 4xy ′ − 4y = 0; x, x−2, x−2 ln x, (0, ∞)
viii. y (4) + y ′′ = 0; 1, x, cos x, sin x, (−∞, ∞)
(b) Find solution(s) to the following differential equations.
i. y ′′ + 8y ′ + 16y = 0
ii. 12y ′′ − 5y ′ − 2y = 0
iii. y ′′ + 9y = 0
iv. y ′′ − 4y ′ + 5y = 0
v. y ′′ + y ′ + 2y = 0, y(0) = y ′(0) = 0
vi. y ′′ − 2y ′ + y = 0, y(0) = 5, y ′(0) = 10
vii. y ′′ + y ′ − 6y = 2x
viii. 41 y ′′ + y ′ + y = x2 − 2x
ix. y ′′ − 8y ′ + 20y = 100x2 − 26xex
x. y ′′ + 3y = −48x2e3x
xi. 4y ′′ − 4y ′ − 3y = cos 2x
xii. y ′′ − y ′ = −3
xiii. y ′′ + 2y ′ = 2x + 5 − e−2x
xiv. 28. 2y ′′ + 3y ′ − 2y = 14x2 − 4x − 11, y(0) = 0, y ′(0) = 0
xv. 5y ′′ + y ′ = −6x, y(0) = 0, y ′(0) = −10
xvi. y ′′ + 4y ′ + 4y = (3 + x)e−2x, y(0) = 2, y ′(0) = 5
Question 4
Question 4 continues. . . Page 3 of 4
(a) Find Laplace transforms of the following functions.
−1, 0 ≤ t < 1
i. f (t) =
1, t≥1
4, 0 ≤ t < 2
ii. f (t) =
0, t≥2
t, 0 ≤ t < 1
iii. f (t) =
1, t≥1
2t + 1, 0 ≤ t < 1
iv. f (t) =
0, t≥1
sin t, 0 ≤ t < π
v. f (t) =
0, t≥π
vi. f (t) = t2e−2t
vii. f (t) = et cos t f (t) = t sin t
viii. f (t) = −4t2 + 16t + 9
ix. f (t) = (2t − 1)3
x. f (t) = t2 − e−9t + 5
2
xi. f (t) = (et − e−t)
(b) Evaluate the following.
i. L−1 s13
ii. L−1 s12 − 48
n s5
o
iii. L−1 s2s+1
−4s
n o
iv. L−1 s2+s−20
1
END OF QUESTIONS
NB: This paper contains 4 printed pages.
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