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Tutorial#4

This tutorial sheet for PHY-101 covers various topics in classical, quantum, and relativistic mechanics, including the luminosity of stars, black body radiation, dispersion relations of waves, photoelectric effects, and de Broglie wavelengths. It presents problems related to calculating temperatures, energy densities, phase and group velocities, Planck's constant, and diffraction patterns. The sheet is intended for students at the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) for the 2024-25 odd semester.

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4 views1 page

Tutorial#4

This tutorial sheet for PHY-101 covers various topics in classical, quantum, and relativistic mechanics, including the luminosity of stars, black body radiation, dispersion relations of waves, photoelectric effects, and de Broglie wavelengths. It presents problems related to calculating temperatures, energy densities, phase and group velocities, Planck's constant, and diffraction patterns. The sheet is intended for students at the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) for the 2024-25 odd semester.

Uploaded by

satwik.verma.mec24
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PHY-101 : Classical, Quantum and Relativistic Mechanics

Tutorial Sheet#4
2024-25, Odd Semester
Indian Institute of Technology (BHU),
Varanasi - 221005, India
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q.1] (i) Stars radiates like black body. Depending on their mass, the outer surface of different stars can be at
different temperatures. If the radius of the star is R and the temperature is T, total the energy (over all frequencies)
emitted by the star per unit time is called the Luminosity L and is given by L  4 R 2 S T 4 . The energy measured by
a detector found to be E1 ad E2 at frequency ranges  1   1   and  2   2   respectively, can you find the
temperature of the star from this data?

(ii) The universe radiates like a black body with a temperature of 2.732 K.

(a) At what wavelength does the energy density of this radiation a maximum?

(b) What is the total radiation energy density of this radiation?

Q. 2] Dispersion relation of a wave is given as  2  P 2  k 2 c 2 , Find the (a) phase velocity of the wave, (b) group
velocity of the wave and (c) relation between phase and group velocity. Can you suggest a wave equation for such a
wave?

Q. 3] (i) When two ultraviolet beams of wavelengths λ1 = 80 nm and λ2 = 110 nm fall on a Lead surface, they produce
photoelectrons with maximum energies 11.390 eV and 7.154 eV, respectively. (a) Estimate the numerical value of
the Planck's constant. (b) Calculate the work function, the cutoff frequency, and the cutoff wavelength of Lead.

(ii) High energy photons (-rays) are scattered from electrons that are at rest. Assume that the photons are
backscattered and their energies are much larger than the electron's rest-mass energy, E = mec2. (a) Calculate the
wavelength shift. (b) Show that the energy of the scattered photons is half the rest mass energy of an electron,
regardless of the energy of the incident photons. (c) Calculate the electron's recoil kinetic energy if the energy of the
incident photons is 150 MeV .

Q.4] Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of (i) a cricket ball of mass 150 g moving with a velocity 30 m/s, (ii) an
electron with a kinetic energy of 100 eV , and (iii) a proton accelerated through a potential difference of 1500 Volts.

Q.5] A neutron beam from a nuclear reactor has a wavelength of 1.13 Å, which is made to fall on a calcite crystal. For
what angle of the incident beam with respect to the crystal surface do we see the first and second order diffraction
peaks for atomic planes with spacing of 3.03 Å?

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