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Dynamic Routing Protocols Overview

Dynamic routing protocols enable routers to automatically learn and share routes, categorized into Distance Vector, Link State, Hybrid, and Path Vector. Major protocols include RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS, and BGP, each with distinct algorithms and metrics for routing. OSPF and EIGRP are preferred for enterprise networks due to their fast convergence, while BGP is essential for Internet routing.

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Yassine hamdaoui
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2 views2 pages

Dynamic Routing Protocols Overview

Dynamic routing protocols enable routers to automatically learn and share routes, categorized into Distance Vector, Link State, Hybrid, and Path Vector. Major protocols include RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS, and BGP, each with distinct algorithms and metrics for routing. OSPF and EIGRP are preferred for enterprise networks due to their fast convergence, while BGP is essential for Internet routing.

Uploaded by

Yassine hamdaoui
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Dynamic Routing Protocols – Complete Overview

Dynamic routing protocols allow routers to automatically learn and exchange routes, adapting to
network topology changes. They are grouped into Distance Vector, Link State, Hybrid, and Path
Vector categories.

1. Categories of Dynamic Routing Protocols


Category Description Examples
Distance Vector Routers share their routing tables with neighbors. RIP, IGRP
Link State Routers exchange link-state info to build a full topology. OSPF, IS-IS
Hybrid Combines features of DV and LS. EIGRP
Path Vector Used for inter-domain routing; exchanges AS paths. BGP

2. Major Dynamic Routing Protocols


RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Type: Distance Vector
Algorithm: Bellman-Ford
Metric: Hop count (max 15)
Updates: Every 30s
Advantages: Simple
Drawbacks: Slow, limited hops

IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)


Type: Distance Vector (Cisco proprietary)
Metric: Bandwidth, delay, reliability, load
Replaced by EIGRP

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)


Type: Hybrid
Algorithm: DUAL
Metric: Bandwidth + Delay
Updates: Partial
Fast convergence, Cisco-based

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)


Type: Link State
Algorithm: Dijkstra
Metric: Cost (bandwidth-based)
Supports areas, authentication
Fast, open standard

IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System)


Type: Link State
Algorithm: Dijkstra
Metric: Cost
Used by ISPs, scalable
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
Type: Path Vector
Algorithm: Path Selection
Metric: AS Path, Local Pref
Transport: TCP 179
Used for Internet routing

3. Comparison Summary
Protocol Type Algorithm Metric Convergence Use
RIP Distance Vector Bellman-Ford Hop count Slow Small LANs
EIGRP Hybrid DUAL Composite Fast Cisco networks
OSPF Link State Dijkstra Cost Fast Enterprise
IS-IS Link State Dijkstra Cost Fast Service providers
BGP Path Vector Policy-based AS Path Slow Internet

Conclusion: OSPF and EIGRP dominate enterprise networks for fast convergence and scalability,
while BGP manages global Internet routing.

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