Ex1
The tables show changes in the population of New York City as a whole, and in its five
districts, between 1800 and 2000.
Overall, the city experienced a dramatic rise in population during the period. While
Manhattan used to account for the majority of residents in 1800, its share fell sharply over
time. In contrast, the combined population of the other districts increased significantly,
becoming dominant by 2000.
In 1800, New York City had only around 79,000 inhabitants, of whom 76% lived in
Manhattan. The other districts together made up just 24%, with fewer than 20,000 residents.
By 1900, the city’s population had surged to over 3.4 million. Although Manhattan’s
population rose substantially to about 1.85 million, its proportion jdecreased to 54%, as the
other districts expanded much more rapidly.
By 2000, the city reached roughly 8 million people. Manhattan’s population declined slightly
to 1.5 million, representing only 19% of the total. Meanwhile, the other districts grew to more
than 6.4 million residents, accounting for 81% of the city’s population.
Ex2
The two pie charts compare the jobs that psychology graduates expected to get and the jobs
they actually received after finishing their course.
Overall, most students thought they would work in private clinics, but in reality, this
percentage was much lower. Meanwhile, the number of graduates working in hospitals and
medical centres was higher than expected.
In the anticipated chart, 69% of students believed they would work in private clinics, which
was by far the largest group. The percentages for the other workplaces were much smaller,
including 8% for hospitals, 8% for schools and universities, 13% for community agencies,
and 2% for other jobs.
However, the actual results were different. Only 46% ended up working in private clinics,
which was a big drop compared to expectations. In contrast, hospitals and medical centres
employed 26%, which was much higher than the original prediction. Jobs in schools and
universities rose slightly to 16%, while community agencies and other jobs decreased to 8%
and 3%, respectively.
Comparison
The two pie charts provide data on the employment destinations of psychology graduates,
comparing their anticipated sectors with the actual outcomes.
Overall, there are significant differences between where graduates expected to work and
where they actually found employment. The most notable changes are seen in the "Private
Clinics" and "Schools and Universities" sectors.
Looking first at the anticipated employment, the largest proportion of graduates, at 26%,
expected to work in Private Clinics. This was followed by Schools and Universities, which
13% of graduates saw as their future workplace. Community Agencies and Hospital and
Medical Centres were both anticipated to employ 8% of graduates.
However, the actual employment situation is different. The most striking change is in the
Private Clinics sector, where the actual percentage 6.9% is much lower than anticipated
26%. Conversely, the proportion of graduates working in Schools and Universities nearly
doubled, from 13% to 25.5%. Furthermore, employment in Community Agencies also saw a
significant increase, rising from 8% to 16%. The figures for Hospital and Medical Centres
remained relatively stable, showing only a slight decrease from 8% to 6%.