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Introduction To Separation Process

Separation processes transform mixtures into distinct products with different compositions, aiming to purify substances. The separation is challenging as it requires energy, unlike the spontaneous formation of mixtures. The document discusses factors influencing separation processes, including feed and product conditions, property differences, and economic considerations, along with exercises for calculating split fractions and ratios.

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Ramces Karl Baptista
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3 views10 pages

Introduction To Separation Process

Separation processes transform mixtures into distinct products with different compositions, aiming to purify substances. The separation is challenging as it requires energy, unlike the spontaneous formation of mixtures. The document discusses factors influencing separation processes, including feed and product conditions, property differences, and economic considerations, along with exercises for calculating split fractions and ratios.

Uploaded by

Ramces Karl Baptista
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INTRODUCTION

TO SEPARATION
PROCESSES
ENGR. JOSE NICKO C. RODRIGUEZ
SEPARATION PROCESS
It is defined as those operations which transform a
mixture of substances into two or more products
which differ from each other in composition.

GOAL: PURIFY SOLUTION OR SUBSTANCE


WHY DO WE
NEED TO PURIFY
A SUBSTANCE?
WHY SEPARATION IS
DIFFICULT TO OCCUR?
The creation of a mixture of chemical species from the
separate species is a spontaneous process that requires
no energy input. The inverse process, separation of a
chemical mixture into pure components, is not a
spontaneous process and thus requires energy.
SELECTION - Feed Conditions
- Product Conditions
OF FEASIBLE - Property Differences
SEPARATION - Characteristics of
Separation Operation
PROCESS - Economics
SPLIT FRACTION AND
SPLIT RATIO
EXERCISE
For the process below, compute the split fraction and the split
ratio for the iC5H12 and nC5H12
SEPARATION FACTOR OR
POWER
EXERCISE
A feed, 𝐹, of 100 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/ℎ of air conditioning 21 𝑚𝑜𝑙% 𝑂2 and 79 𝑚𝑜𝑙%
𝑁2 is to be partially separated by a membrane unit according to each
of four sets of specifications. Compute the amounts, in 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/ℎ, and
compositions, in 𝑚𝑜𝑙%, of the two products (retentate, 𝑅, and
permeate, 𝑃). The membrane is more permeable to 𝑂2.

Case 1: 50% recovery of 𝑂2 to the permeate and 87.5% recovery of 𝑁2 to the


retentate.
Case 2: 50% recovery of 𝑂2 to the permeate and 50 𝑚𝑜𝑙% purity of 𝑂2 in the
permeate.
Case 3: 85 𝑚𝑜𝑙% purity of 𝑁2 in the retentate and 50 𝑚𝑜𝑙% purity of 𝑂2 in the
permeate.
Case 4: 85 𝑚𝑜𝑙% purity of 𝑁2 in the retentate and a split ratio of 𝑂2 in the
permeate to the retentate equal to 1.1.

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