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Probability Revision Notes

The document outlines key concepts in probability and distributions, including axioms, conditional probability, and various distribution types such as binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. It provides formulas for calculating probabilities, means, and variances, along with Bayes' theorem and rules for discrete and continuous random variables. Additionally, it includes exam tips for effectively presenting answers.

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2 views2 pages

Probability Revision Notes

The document outlines key concepts in probability and distributions, including axioms, conditional probability, and various distribution types such as binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. It provides formulas for calculating probabilities, means, and variances, along with Bayes' theorem and rules for discrete and continuous random variables. Additionally, it includes exam tips for effectively presenting answers.

Uploaded by

naresh2002158432
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PROBABILITY & DISTRIBUTIONS - REVISION

NOTES

1. Axioms of Probability
• P(A) ≥ 0
• P(S) = 1
• P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) (if mutually exclusive)

2. Conditional Probability
P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B)

3. Multiplication Rule
P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B|A)
If independent: P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B)

4. Bayes’ Theorem
P(A|B) = [P(B|A)P(A)] / P(B)

5. Discrete Random Variable


PMF: P(X=x)
Mean: E(X) = Σ xP(x)
Variance: Var(X) = E(X²) − [E(X)]²

6. Binomial Distribution
P(X=x) = nCx p^x (1−p)^(n−x)
Mean = np
Variance = np(1−p)

7. Poisson Distribution
P(X=x) = e^(−λ) λ^x / x!
Mean = Variance = λ

8. Continuous Random Variable


PDF: f(x), ∫ f(x)dx = 1
Mean: E(X) = ∫ x f(x)dx

9. Exponential Distribution
f(x) = λe^(−λx)
Mean = 1/λ
Reliability: R(t) = e^(−λt)

10. Normal Distribution


Z = (X−µ)/σ
Standard Normal: Mean=0, SD=1

11. Weibull Distribution


f(x) = (β/η)(x/η)^(β−1)e^(−(x/η)^β)
Used in Reliability Analysis

Exam Tips:
• Always write formula first.
• Mention mean & variance for distributions.
• Use Z-table for normal problems.
• Write final answer clearly with 4 decimal places if required.

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