DATE
PAGE
mol m re o rth ybe is
The NuM
rcbabide
AxiomA ot Probabiltty: Po babilily ik a mbex that iz.
aLsigmed to each menkor 4a
Satses ho
folloueimg pohesthiad:
everabton a
ramdom popeimonb
(2)
DATE
PAGE 2
p(EUE= pLEDP(E).
alefima aua ramolo1.
exhemetkb
P(AUB= lA e)- P(ANB).
eueuta,
e mutually encltive
p(EUE)=pE) PE)
94 here are
P(AUBSC)= PA)+PUB)+P)PIAOg- p(B0c)- PCAAt
>4 E, Ea,En gne mLuteually exclutive erents,
Comclimal Probabilily Comobihnal pobabtisy
hoclool Hho eueub B has ale oy a occured olenote
P (A1B) = P(AOB)
Multi punakin onl Tolal Probahility Ruledi he
hcobabitiy
DATE
3
PAGE
Te Comaim hobability claßisatia Com he reuoiteu o
prvide a formula ad llae multijalicat'on ude for proba
bilites.
PAnB) = PrB). PIA JA) PAp(PA,ia ho
wlijdicaiaa rule o pebabiliy.
Total Paohabiliyy Rule
oo eremta A amal &
oy my
P(B)= PIBOA) PCB0A') RIBIA PA)+ P(BIA).PA
A A
(BNA
E
m mutually ecludive elete,
= PAt). PED + P(AE).VEat + PA\Em) Pbn)
adeaem olen ce d deso eremta: Two elente A amal B
qre sid to e
PCALA) = PA)
8)
p(BJA) = p
DATE
4
PAGE
eaacleu co
Son cle d n eventa lhe eveuta E,EarEM
daid to be tnalepemaleutif
foy Cmy abaet these eneuce
PE,OEE0EkJ= pE)x PLEa)x. x PlEu)
encluiye cma ekote eveute ame A
Aho
PIEIA) pE).P(A|EJ where Pwo.
Random Vaiale A rendlon voriable is a
lexpeincnt. 9t asignA q real mumser to each out tome
A yemde a vgiatde % clen otd
o to Yymdom v9riade is olem eol
lelley ueh as e=70 mitia mpeeL.
Dis erele aml Contauou Ran clom V griadei: A yomdom
eid to be q glit erete Andom variade
DATE
PAGE
lDisCret Hrobability Disbi aution: Suphose oiscre to
out Come of sonse expeimanit, heu
loheve
Coasileter a oibete prebabilty
li slatauion d tto oles Crele vanao X.
Distyibuion Fun chon cy ub0lafiye Disbeibutas AnchM:
The olisbabuhon fumchien c ho oliireto ver'ate x alemoted
Cosnioneous Brobahiby sishi bution, The fabailiy
Comimuos arieto x olefinel b a femchion fou i
toy al to
omol tho Continubus ceve
byo babiy Cerve.
DATE
PAGE
6
Gpmulative ishibuie Eumchion: psokabilit
oleudily funcia a
is Callao ho cemulathe
imby fyn chiou
CoMnuous variato . 94 les
lishi bution
o llowing properHes.
o ho
Ci) (co) =|
a
fafstffoyor Ftt-F.
's eoreto andom vaialle Tho cemulative oicbasuhira
Fw= PCX ) =
foloLoimg pokeohien:
Men amcl Vaimce qa discrete aemalom Vartekle: The meH Y
expeckal vele
DATE
PAGE
C Voy ()=
(?Ue)_þ)
'
Enpecled alue fa fechioa a oliccrele rmlom VanalHe:
E(ax+h) = a E9-+b
DATE
PAGE
[Link] Variable X take vales o, L 2,3,4 wath polab He
Oo036 amol o, ooo| Tes [Link]
o (0. 65 &)C2916)+ &Co.oy86)+3 ([Link]?6)+4(o000)
APthoug x mever alume ho wals oy Ae Deightool average
foy (o-o.4)2fo
D•36 D2916
676 O.0y336
12.96 [Link]|296
[Link]) = O36.
12 13
O20
6=v()=JBs =l36.
DATE
PAGE
Bimomi al Dictribution: A Yameom e þenment len Siss
BeYMOude: brial such thab
m
The briak are tindepemdent.
) Each ba'al resuelein ly dion bodas'le ct comel, label
ucceas am"faiPure".
8 TA pebbily oa suecesstha each bal, olesso taol y
Yem oein& CoAStent.
The ynalom wGn'akde olenehng ho numen otAucteLA
a bazticalay rgmic bollutant Assme that Ho smple
|ane tn cle be ncle nk Leith reganl to tho loreseu co olho polltanb
2 tonteetaa hoþDflutemt
18 Aoamles cmaly Sheu
Th erefore
Detemine tho pebabiily Ahat at Jest fouz Aambles
Comtcuhy tho ho lutemt
18-2
n= ao, b= os
Birmoial ol'sha buhn,
OATE
PAGE
binomiaf Yenalon
Theve foe ho probabeliy 4a alefechve potis Dl
Tho prob ahi ly e atfeast Haxee olef chiue parke sba a
one alefechiwe
=0323
Teue, the onmber qsmples faring at deast h:
DATE
|2
PAGE
The
binemi af olisabuiafer he oleta:
3
6
SelHere
Hence Hao bino mial ishi beti on bo be itd iz
N(Z+b)
heoe cap freq uem ciel lich re as followA:
2 9
69 191 9.6 2.9
13
DATE
PAGE
Potscon Dicibuhian Ieiz iztoitia isthe liihing cate
age aul i
vey Amall, tce eping np
9+ jz a
oiaha'buhalateo to ho fheteesg
brolbabiliies of eeute
seich Qre emrenely ee Lut oeick have a lagemmser
Cpportenibes for occurem ce FY eoade
chegueI ata bo Mk, mumbes e hey tons bovn slinal pe
Tho hrobaailikg
m m) n-2p)
P(xY) = m.m. m
Y!
DATE
PAGE
Meam poizk4 dicbi buhiaiX mp
a coleua inechia
nove than eo lwte qot a bad eo ehon
Sel
Heve obabilily coccu Ye
walee
bobahility hot meve Yaan 2 asle qet aa basl reachin
= -f Prohe that mo one goti
qota a bad eachat
[Link] ne gek a bal geg cho + Bc
hat o qet bas reachon
21
Eak a Poisson disha biehon for the folloming alotai
2
122 2
eol Hexe
DATE
PAGE
r!
The theoYelicouf frequeacies aei
f: 121 61 2
DicYefs hifom Disb'hution: Acanalo m venialle a Rasa
dis orete uniform diskibuhion sf
Iheu
2
Proyai mcha a aAeIete banifoa
Yomalom variable.
b, for 9s b. Ihau
12
16
DATE
PAGE
Caeomebrie nistri bution: taoerdea Renoullitals
imalepen oleub bak wit Constant probakiLity hoaduce)
he Yenmdo m yanate that equel the mym bey biatA usati
bare smler o<b<lol
Var( = o
Negakve Binomiaj Disbbutian: Gon a sees d Remoulll
brias the ranelom vaiahle
mogaive bimemic andom var'abte k, pare me kex
rl 2, 3 r'
EK)= þ2
claiee asdyccetkes anol N-K obiecta cledaifjeol
ltshene k m mN
cqual
ämplea hypogeemelnie remdon
DATE
PAGE
yamae anol
M= mao, tk-N{
to mi k,n.
N
The
Coneha
term
feclo
N} iA Lalled ths ftaito populaha,