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AI &
Python
Introduction
What is Artificial
Intelligence?
The science of making machines do work that would
require intelligence if it were done by humans
(Minsky, 1969).
Machines that are capable of performing tasks where
those tasks would require intelligence if performed by
humans (Scherer, 2016).
Activities aimed at making machines intelligent, and
intelligence is the quality that enables something to
function properly and with foresight in its
environment (Nilsson, 2009).
In general, intelligence in question is always associated with "human intelligence" even
though some of its applications can be in the form of jobs that are difficult for humans to
do, besides that intelligence is not an exact quantity and has a very broad meaning. So that
until now the definition of AI is still a challenge and there is no mutual agreement to
determine an absolute definition.
History of
Artificial Intelligence
1950 1956 1966
Alan Turing created the The first description of AI as Researchers started solving
Turing test to find out how a machine that is considered math problems with
human a machine is. smart by John McCarthy algorithms, and a chatbot
(later known as the father of was created by Joseph
AI). Weizenbaum.
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Why is AI so
interesting
and special?
Because human abilities such as
distinguishing objects, recognizing
faces, making decisions, distinguishing
sentiments, recognizing voices and so
Is it AI or not?
on, are simple activities for humans,
but very complex for machines or
computers.
To define whether something uses AI or not,
you can use two key terminologies:
autonomy and adaptivity.
Autonomy is the ability to perform tasks
in a complex environment without
constant guidance by the user
(automation).
Adaptivity is the ability to improve
performance by learning from
experience (learning).
How Does AI Look in the
Future?
1972 1997 2006
The first humanoid robot For the first time a computer AI is entering the business world
(WABOT-1) was created by Japan. (Deep Blue IBM) can defeat a as well as big companies like
world chess champion. Facebook and Google are starting
to take advantage of AI.
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AI examples
around us
Smart assistants (such as Siri,
Google Assistant and Alexa)
Manufacturing and drone robots
Conversational bots for marketing
and customer service
Robo-advisors for stock trading,
spam filters on e-mail
Recommendation system (can be
found in eCommerce, Netflix,
Spotify, YouTube, etc.)
Self-driving cars.
Types of AI based on
capabilities
There are two ways to describe the type of AI:
3 types of AI 4 types of AI
Narrow AI/Weak AI: This type Reactive Machine: The machine only
represents all of the currently acts on its programmed function and
existing AI where it is only capable will always react in the same way.
of performing specific or specific Limited Memory: This type allows AI
tasks. to learn from existing data to make
General AI: This type is able to learn, decisions.
understand, function and carry out Theory of Mind: In this type, AI must
intellectual tasks with human-like be able to understand human
efficiency. emotions, beliefs, thinking patterns
Super AI: This type is able to and be able to interact socially.
surpass all human abilities in Self-Aware: This type will not only
various aspects, such as creativity be able to understand and evoke the
(producing better works of art), emotions of those with whom they
wisdom (decision making), better interact, but also have their own
emotional intelligence, and problem emotions, needs, beliefs, and
solving. desires.
Subfields of Artificial
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Intellegence
Robotics is a branch of AI, which consists of Electrical Engineering,
01 Mechanical Engineering, and Computer Science to design, build robots that
are built to carry out tasks normally performed by humans. Robots are
suitable for doing human work that is heavy and repetitive, dangerous,
requires high precision.
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Data science is a multidisciplinary science that studies data with the aim
of gaining insight and knowledge in making decisions.
Machine Learning (ML) is a data analysis method that allows systems to
03 learn through the training process, and develop from experience without
having to be explicitly programmed by humans. That way the machine is
able to see patterns so it can make its own decisions.
Deep learning is a sub-field of machine learning whose algorithms are
04 inspired by the structure of the human brain called Artificial Neural
Networks.
Advantages and
Disadvantages of AI
Multiple AI Reduction of human error
Available 24x7
Applications Help with repetitive work
Faster and more efficient
Computer Vision (CV) allows machines to derive decisions
information from images, videos and other digital visual Helping new discoveries
inputs and then act and make recommendations based
on that information. CV makes a machine able to 'see' High cost of manufacture
and 'observe'. and maintenance
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is essentially the Makes people lazy
language that humans use to communicate. NLP refers Increasing the
to matters relating to the analysis or acquisition of unemployment rate due to
meaningful information from the human language. the loss of several jobs
What is Python?
Python is a general purpose language, meaning it can
be used to create a variety of different programs and
isn’t specialized for any specific problems. Python is
programming language as well as scripting language
and it’s also called as Interpreted language.
History of Python
What is
Python
used for?
Python is widely used for
developing websites and
software, task automation, Python was made in
data analysis and data the late 1980s by
visualization. Guido Van Rossum, a
Dutch programmer.
Guido van Rossum is a
Data fan of the TV show
'Mothy Python Flying
Analysis and Circus', hence the
name Python was
Machine
created from the
second word of the
show's name.
Learning
with Python
Python is used for database analysis and machine learning because it is easy to
learn, has a more diverse library and has broad community support. Python has
a variety of ways to display visualization data and having a variety of libraries will
make data analysis and machine learning more effective.
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Lack of Why is Phyton so
Python Popular?
Python development is quite slow Python language is simpler and easier to
to run on the iOS and Android understand (simple syntax).
platforms. Python has good community support (large and
Python is not suitable for carrying active community).
out intensive tasks of memory Popular interpretive programming language
and multi-core/multi-processor related to Data science, Machine learning and IoT
work. (Internet of Thing).
One of the programming languages based on
OOP (Object Oriented Programming).
Who uses Python itself supports multi-platform and multi-
system and has an automatic memory
Python management system like Java.
today?
Python is used by:
IDE or Editor
Intel, IBM, NASA, Pixar, Netflix, Facebook,
JP Morgan Chase, Spotify, and a number
of other massive companies.
commonly used
for development?
PyCharm
Pyder
IDLE
Google Collab
Jupyter
Visual Studio Code
Anaconda
Eclipse+PyDvy
What is Anaconda?
Anaconda is a distribution of the Python and R programming languages for scientific
[Link] has many packages and tools including the python IDE in the form of
Jupiter and Spyder. In Anaconda there is conda which is a package management system and
environment management system. Anaconda is very suitable for python programming with
machine learning needs, data science, data analysis.
Jupyter Difference
and Spyder between Jupyter
One of the reasons to use and Spyder
Anaconda is the built-in Jupyter
and Spyder IDEs. Jupyter uses the Jupyter is better to use when working
Notebook Interface. Spyder is a on a data -based project and needs to
scientific python development visualize the data. Spyder is better used
environment. when working on projects that have lots
of scripts.
Anaconda Installer
Download Anaconda on (select according to the operating system used) :
[Link]
Click Next Click Agree
Click Next
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Click Next Click Install
Wait for Installing Click Finish
After success, in Windows there Anaconda Navigator View
will be an Anaconda Navigator
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Google Tips for
Colaboratory Learning
Python
Advantages
Easy to share code using google 1. Code everyday
account
Easy version control
Using Google Servers to run your 2. Start with the fundamentals
code
Free
3. Focus on logic over syntax
Disadvantages
Closed-Environment
Saving & Storage Problems Let your goal guide your learning
Repetitive Tasks 4.
Limited Space & Time
No Live-Editing
5. Join a Python community
Jobs That Use
Python
Data analyst - $68,583
Backend developer - $78,585
Quality assurance engineer - $85,731
Operations automation engineer - $88,462
Python developer - $95,849
Full stack developer - $99,106
Data engineer - $112,071
Data scientist - $116,041
Machine learning engineer - $129,417
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Reference
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python_pengertian_sejarah_kelebihan_dan_kekurangannya-954
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python-di-windows/
Picture Source
[Link]
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